Males engage in a courtship routine in which they touch the face of females with their legs, but communication and perception are otherwise largely unknown for Barbour's map turtles.
Communication Channels: tactile
Other Communication Modes: vibrations
Perception Channels: visual
Barbour's map turtle nests are subject to predation by snakes and terrestrial mammals, such as raccoons. Humans sometimes consume Barbour's map turtles as food. Barbour's map turtles are capable of withdrawing into their shells as well as trying to bite if they are unable to escape danger.
Known Predators:
Barbour's map turtles have dark brown or black skin with light yellow to green markings. The head is broad, with patterns specific to the species. The top of the head has a large interorbital blotch connected by a branch to the postorbital blotches and to a point just under the eye. A y-shaped pattern is found behind the orbits. There is also a light bar on the chin that follows the curve of the jaw. The top part of the neck has relatively wide stripes that are mostly of equal size. The hind limbs and tail are striped as well.
The carapace, or dorsal part of the shell, is not smooth and rounded but highly domed. It has a prominent vertebral keel, with laterally compressed dark spines on each vertebral scute. The second and third spines are most pronounced and wear down as the turtle ages. A lower longitudinal keel is seen on the scutes beside the vertebral keel. These scutes also have C-shaped yellow markings. The overall color of the carapace is green to olive green. The plastron, or ventral part of the shell, is yellow and without markings other than a black border on the edge of each scute. A distinguishing feature of the plastron is the ridge on the abdominal and pectoral plates where they connect to the bridge.
Sexual dimorphism is present in Barbour's map turtles. Females are much larger than males. Females have a carapace that is 15 to 33 cm long at sexual maturity, whereas mature males have a 9 to 14 cm carapace. Therefore, females can be up to three times the size of males. Females also have much wider heads than males, along with a lower jaw that extends past the upper jaw.
Range length: 4 to 33 cm.
Other Physical Features: ectothermic ; heterothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Sexual Dimorphism: female larger; sexes shaped differently
There is no information about the lifespan of Barbour's map turtles in the wild. The longest observed lifespan in captivity was 31 years 8 months and 9 days at the National Zoo in Washington, DC.
Range lifespan
Status: captivity: 31 (high) years.
Barbour’s map turtles live almost all of their lives in large freshwater systems with limestone bottoms. They leave the water only to lay eggs and bask in the sun on large fallen branches and other accessible areas. They prefer deeper and faster flowing waters than other turtles in the family Emydidae. Females are normally found in deeper water than males, hatchlings and juveniles tend to stay closer to the riverbank than adults.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; freshwater
Aquatic Biomes: rivers and streams
Other Habitat Features: riparian
Barbour’s map turtles (Graptemys barbouri) are found in the southeastern United States, specifically in the Apalachicola and the Chipola Rivers and their tributaries in Alabama, Georgia, and the Florida panhandle.
Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native )
All Barbour's map turtles are carnivorous. Females eat only mollusks as adults, primarily snails and some clams. The beak crushes these mollusks and all parts, including the shell, are swallowed. Males do not eat as many snails or clams as females, instead feeding more on insects and insect larvae. Hatchlings and juveniles eat insects and insect larvae before moving on to hard-shelled mollusks.
Animal Foods: insects; mollusks
Primary Diet: carnivore (Insectivore , Molluscivore )
Barbour's map turtles are important predators of mollusks in the areas the inhabit and are preyed on by other predators as eggs, young, and sometimes as adults.
Barbour's map turtles used in a study that isolated the first pure Flavobacterium meningosepticum, which is a cause of meningitis in humans. These turtles are also consumed by humans and sometimes kept as pets.
Positive Impacts: pet trade ; food ; source of medicine or drug
There are no known adverse effects of Barbour's map turtles on humans.
Fertilized eggs of Barbour's map turtles have a shell that surrounds a yolk sac and the developing turtle. The young develop inside of the egg until they are capable of breaking through the shell to emerge as hatchlings, which takes about 58 days. After emerging from the eggs, hatchlings dig their way out of the nest cavity and walk to the nearby stream or river. Hatchlings and juveniles are identical to adults, except that coloring is less developed and less bright, and they are much smaller in size. Hatchlings have a mean carapace length of 37 mm and mean mass of 10.7 g.
Their sex is determined by the temperature at which the eggs incubate, not by chromosomes like in humans. Eggs at 25 degrees Celsius produce only males, whereas eggs at 30 degrees Celsius produce only females. Females sexually mature in 15 to 20 years, while males mature in 2 to 4 years, which may have be explained by size differences in adult males and females. The development of the carapace to adult size is dependent on fontanels, which are spots filled with cartilage that allow the carapace room to grow. Males and females of the same size show differences in their fontanels. Females have a large number of fontanels, which allow for growth of the shell, whereas males have few or no fontanels.
Development - Life Cycle: temperature sex determination
Barbour's map turtles are considered "vulnerable" by the IUCN and are on Appendix III of CITES. They are given a global rank of "G2," indicating that the species is imperiled. Barbour's map turtles have a relatively restricted range and are subject to threats to their freshwater ecosystems, including dredging, water impoundment, and pollution.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: appendix iii
State of Michigan List: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: lower risk - near threatened
Male and female Barbour's map turtles reproduce sexually, but the specific mating system is not known. Males attract females by approaching them with their neck extended in an attempt to be face-to-face. The male then undertakes a courtship routine in which he touches the sides of the female’s head with the inner surfaces of his front legs for a few seconds.
Fertilization takes place inside the female after the male deposits sperm. The eggs are later deposited in a nest next to a stream or river. The nest cavity is excavated by the female using her hind limbs. Once the eggs are deposited, the opening to the nest is covered with dirt and the eggs are left to finish development. The nesting season for Barbour's map turtles lasts from June through early August. But nesting will occur during the winter when individuals are held in captivity. Clutch size is between 6 and 11 eggs, and a female can lay eggs up to four times in one mating season, allowing the possibility of a female laying between 11 and 51 eggs in one season. The average size of an egg is 3.71 cm long and 2.61 cm wide.
Breeding interval: Barbour's map turtles breed annually, and females are capable of producing multiple clutches in a single mating season.
Breeding season: Nesting season is June through early August.
Range number of offspring: 6 to 11.
Average gestation period: 58 days.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 15 to 20 years.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 2 to 4 years.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization ; oviparous
Barbour's map turtles are like many reptiles in that there is little parental investment. The male courts the female to mate with her. Once his sperm is deposited he no longer invests time or energy in the young. The female digs a nest in which to deposit eggs and covers it with dirt. Once the nesting is complete, the female leaves the eggs and does not invest further time or energy in the offspring.
Parental Investment: no parental involvement; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)
Barbour's map turtle (Graptemys barbouri) is a species of turtle in the family Emydidae. The species is native to the southeastern United States.
G. barbouri is found in rivers located in southeastern Alabama, the western panhandle of Florida, and southwestern Georgia.[4]
The specific name or epithet, barbouri, is in honor of American herpetologist Thomas Barbour.[5][6]
Owning Barbour's map turtle is illegal in Georgia, Michigan, and Alabama. The limit is two turtles per person in Florida. Like all map turtles, it is under the protection of the Salmonellosis Four-inch Regulation, disallowing G. barbouri to be sold if it is under the length of 4 in (10 cm).
Adult male Barbour's map turtles are on average 3.5 to 5.5 in (9–14 cm) in straight-line carapace length. Adult females are much larger and can vary from 6 to 12.5 in (15 – 32 cm) in straight-line carapace length. "Females attain really imposing dimensions, and their heads are enormously enlarged".[4] G. barbouri possesses black-tipped spines on the second, third, and fourth vertebral scutes. These spines are very noticeable in males, and resemble a dorsal fin.
Barbour's map turtle mainly consumes mollusks, insects, and small fish found in rivers.
Barbour's map turtle (Graptemys barbouri) is a species of turtle in the family Emydidae. The species is native to the southeastern United States.
La tortuga mapa de Barbour (Graptemys barbouri) es una especie de tortuga acuática de la familia Emydidae originaria de América. Es endémica de la región oriental de Estados Unidos. Se encuentra en diferentes ríos ubicados en Florida, Georgia y Alabama. Principalmente se alimentan de moluscos, insectos y pequeños peces que habitan en ríos. Su nombre es en honor al herpetólogo americano Thomas Barbour.[3]
Miden un promedio de 9 a 14 cm. Mientras que las hembras pueden llegar a unos 32 cm y tienen la cabeza más grande.[4] El caparazón de estas tortugas posee unas estructuras en forma de sierra en la segunda, tercera y cuarta vértebra, éstas son muy notables en los machos y asemejan una aleta dorsal. Para diferenciar el género de las tortugas, (masculino o femenino), tenemos que dar la vuelta a las tortugas, es decir ponerlas boca arriba y, si el dibujo es estriado, es macho y, si es redondeado es hembra.
Ser propietario de tortugas mapa de Barbour es ilegal en Georgia, Míchigan y Alabama. En Florida hay un límite de dos tortugas por persona.
La tortuga mapa de Barbour (Graptemys barbouri) es una especie de tortuga acuática de la familia Emydidae originaria de América. Es endémica de la región oriental de Estados Unidos. Se encuentra en diferentes ríos ubicados en Florida, Georgia y Alabama. Principalmente se alimentan de moluscos, insectos y pequeños peces que habitan en ríos. Su nombre es en honor al herpetólogo americano Thomas Barbour.
Graptemys barbouri Graptemys generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Emydidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Graptemys barbouri Graptemys generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Emydidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Graptemys barbouri est une espèce de tortue de la famille des Emydidae[1].
Cette espèce est endémique des États-Unis[1]. Elle se rencontre en Alabama, en Floride et en Géorgie.
Cette tortue mesure entre 8 et 14 cm pour les mâles, les femelles étant un peu plus petites. Elle présente des trois petites épines noires sur le dessus de la carapace, et la tête est striée de blanc.
Elle se nourrit de petits mollusques, insectes et poissons qu'elle capture dans les rivières où elle vit.
Cette espèce est nommée en l'honneur du zoologiste américain Thomas Barbour (1884-1946)[2].
Graptemys barbouri atau dikenali sebagai Kura-kura Peta Barbour ialah spesies kura-kura dari keluarga Emydidae.Spesies ini berasal dari tenggara Amerika Syarikat.
G. barbouri boleh dijumpai di sungai-sungai berhampiran tenggara Alabama, barat semenanjung Florida, dan barat daya Georgia.[3]
Nama spesies, barbouri diambil daripada nama pakar herpetologis Amerika Thomas Barbour.[4][5]
Negeri-negeri di Amerika Syarikat seperti Georgia, Michigan, dan Alabama melarang sesiapa membela kura-kura ini, dan mengehadkan dua ekor bagi setiap pembela di Florida. Seperti kebanyakan kura-kura peta lain, haiwan ini dilindungi oleh akta "Salmonellosis Four-inch Regulation", iaitu melarang sesiapa menjual kura-kura di bawah 4 in (10 cm).
Haiwan ini bersaiz sekitar 3.5 ke 5.5 in (9–14 cm) panjang. Kura-kura betina memiliki saiz pelbagai iaitu dari 6 ke 12.5 in (15 – 32 cm) panjang. "Kebanyakan kura-kura betina berkepala besar".[3] Haiwan ini juga mempunyai tompok hitam pada skut vertebra kedua, ketiga dan keempatnya, dan tanda ini nampak jelas pada kura-kura jantan.
Kura-kura ini menjadikan moluska, serangga, dan ikan kecil sebagai makanan.
Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan: Graptemys barbouri.Graptemys barbouri atau dikenali sebagai Kura-kura Peta Barbour ialah spesies kura-kura dari keluarga Emydidae.Spesies ini berasal dari tenggara Amerika Syarikat.
Barbours landkaartschildpad[2] (Graptemys barbouri) is een schildpad uit de familie moerasschildpadden (Emydidae).[3] De soort werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Archie Carr & Lewis J. Marchand in 1942.
De maximale schildlengte is ongeveer 32 centimeter, het schild valt op door de stekelachtige, zwarte kiel op het midden. De schildkleur is bruin tot groen, met vage ovale lichtere vlekken op hoornplaten van de zijkanten en de schildrand. De brede kop is groen van kleur en heeft een gele lijnentekening en een masker van gele vlekken rond de ogen en de snuit.
Barbours landkaartschildpad is endemisch in de Verenigde Staten. De habitat bestaat uit heldere wateren met voldoende ondergedoken objecten om te schuilen.[4]
Barbours landkaartschildpad (Graptemys barbouri) is een schildpad uit de familie moerasschildpadden (Emydidae). De soort werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Archie Carr & Lewis J. Marchand in 1942.
Graptemys barbouri[2] är en sköldpaddsart som beskrevs av Archie Carr och Lewis J. Marchand 1942. Arten ingår i släktet sågryggar och familjen kärrsköldpaddor.[3][4] IUCN kategoriserar Graptemys barbouri globalt som sårbar.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[3]
Arten lever i floden Apalachicola och närliggande flodsystem i delstaterna Florida, Georgia och Alabama i sydöstra USA.[1][3]
Graptemys barbouri föredrar delar av fritt strömmande floder där det finns kalkstenshällar, vilka kan stödja stora populationer sniglar, men sköldpaddorna kan också hittas i kanaler med finkornig sand.[1]
Arten är i huvudsak köttätande, ungdjuren och hannarna äter insekter och små sniglar, medan större honor skiftar diet bestående av mestadels sötvattenssniglar och ibland musslor.[1]
Honorna lägger ägg mellan april och augusti, ungefär 7-10 ägg åt gången mellan tre och fem gånger per år.[1]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Graptemys barbouri.
Wikispecies har information om Graptemys barbouri.
Graptemys barbouri är en sköldpaddsart som beskrevs av Archie Carr och Lewis J. Marchand 1942. Arten ingår i släktet sågryggar och familjen kärrsköldpaddor. IUCN kategoriserar Graptemys barbouri globalt som sårbar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.
Загальна довжина карапаксу коливається від 11 до 333 см. Спостерігається статевий диморфізм: самиці значно більші за самців. У самиць є величезні жабоподобні голови з могутніми щелепами, у деяких особин ширина черепа може досягати 7,5 см. Самці мають дуже маленькі, вузькі голови. Молоді черепахи мають високі, пилкоподібні кілі, що тягнуться над хребтом уздовж панцира. У старих самиць кілі не помітні, хоча горби в кінці другого і третього хребетного щитка залишаються.
Карапакс коричнево-зелений з хвилястими жовтими лініями на бічних щитках з перевернутими L-подібними малюнками на крайових щитках. На шиї, кінцівках та хвості є жовто-зелені смуги. На потилиці виділяється пара вузьких ліній, що переходять у великі зеленуваті області позаду кожного ока. Пластрон у дорослих черепах без малюнка. У підлітків поперечні шви мають темну облямівку.
Полюбляє чисті струмки з кам'янистим дном й достатком корчів. Полюють здебільшого вранці та опівдні. Харчується рибою, ракоподібними, земноводними, комахами, молюсками.
Самиця відкладає яйця у вологий пісок на березі. Кладка містить від 5 до 16, зрідка 22 яйця довжиною 3,8 см. Температура інкубації впливає на стать черепашат. Температура інкубації 27—28 °C, термін інкубації 55—75 днів. Черепашата з'являються наприкінці жовтня.
Мешкає на південному заході Флориди й в суміжних Джорджії та Алабамі (США).
Graptemys barbouri là một loài rùa trong họ Emydidae. Loài này được Carr & Marchand mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1942.[4]
Phương tiện liên quan tới Graptemys barbouri tại Wikimedia Commons
Graptemys barbouri là một loài rùa trong họ Emydidae. Loài này được Carr & Marchand mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1942.
巴氏地圖龜（英文：Barbour's map turtle，學名：Graptemys barbouri） 是地圖龜屬下的一種龜，只生活在美國。
巴氏地圖龜的棲息地包括亞拉巴馬州東南部的河流、佛羅里達州西部地區以及喬治亞州西南部。[3]
其種加詞 barbouri是爲了紀念美國爬蟲學家托馬斯·巴伯。[4]
雄性巴氏地圖龜背殼大約長3.5～5.5英寸（8.9～14.0厘米），雌性則可長達6～12英寸（15～30厘米） 。[3]
分類 界 : 動物界 Animalia 門 : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata 綱 : 爬虫綱 Reptilia 目 : カメ目 Testudines 亜目 : 潜頸亜目 Cryptodira 上科 : リクガメ上科 Testudinoidea 科 : ヌマガメ科 Emydidae 亜科 : アミメガメ亜科 Deirochlyinae 属 : チズガメ属 Graptemys 種 : バーバーチズガメ G. barbouri 学名 Graptemys barbouriバーバーチズガメ（学名：Graptemys barbouri）は、ヌマガメ科チズガメ属に分類されるカメ。
模式標本の産地（模式産地）はフロリダ州。アメリカ合衆国（アラバマ州南東部、ジョージア州南西部、フロリダ州北西部のアパラチコラ川、チポーラ川水系）固有種
最大甲長33cmとチズガメ属最大種。オスよりもメスの方が大型で、オスの甲長は9-13cm程。背甲は緩やかなドーム状に盛り上がる。第1-4椎甲板に先端が暗色になった棘状の突起（キール）があり、特に第2-3椎甲板で発達する。キールは属内でも発達する。
背甲の色彩は緑褐色や褐色で、甲板にはアルファベットの「C」や「U」字状の黄色い筋模様が入る。縁甲板には細い横縞が入る。腹甲の色彩は黄緑色や淡黄色一色。
頭部は大型で、特に自然下では貝類を主食とするメスは貝類を噛み砕くために頭部が巨大化する。頭部や四肢は暗褐色や褐色で、喉には互いに交わることもある曲った筋模様が入る。
卵は長径3.8-4.1cm、短径2.8-3.1cm程で、皮革状の弾力性のある白い殻で覆われる。幼体の椎甲板には先端が黒い棘状の突起（キール）があるが、成長に伴い突起やキールは滑らかになる。また腹甲には甲板の継ぎ目（シーム）に暗色の斑紋が入るが成長に伴い消失する。
底質が石灰岩やその礫で、流れが速く水が澄んだ水量の多い河川の中流域、およびその周囲にある湾処、川跡湖等に生息する。水棲傾向が強いが、倒木や岩に登り日光浴を行うことを非常に好む。
食性は動物食傾向の強い雑食で、魚類、昆虫類、甲殻類、貝類を食べる。幼体やオスの成体は主に昆虫類を食べるが、メスの成体は主に二枚貝を食べる。
繁殖形態は卵生。飼育下では交尾の前にメスの吻端にオスが吻端を摺り寄せたり、メスの顔の前でオスが前肢を振るわせる行動が観察された例がある。6-8月に1回に8-9個の卵を2-4回以上に分けて産むとされる。性染色体を持たず発生時の温度により性別が決定（温度性決定）し、25℃では主にオス、30℃では主にメスが産まれる。野生では孵化した幼体は8-9月に地表に現れる。野生ではオスが甲長7.5cm程（生後4年程）、メスが甲長19cm程（生後15-20年以上）で性成熟するとされる。
種小名はThomas Barbourへの献名。
開発による生息地の破壊や、ペット用の乱獲等により生息数が減少している。
ペットとして飼育されることもあり、日本にも輸入されていた。2006年にチズガメ属がワシントン条約附属書III類に掲載されたためアメリカ合衆国からの輸出が制限されほぼ流通は無くなっている。
この項目は、動物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（Portal:生き物と自然／プロジェクト:生物）。 
