Acantharea

Illustration from Report on the Radiolaria collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Part III. Original description follows: Plate 132. Astrolophida, Astrolonchida et Amphilonchida. Diam. Fig. 1. Amphilonche lanceolata, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 2. Amphilonche hydrotomica, n. sp., × 300 The spindle-shaped central capsule is filled up with small granules. The clear calymma forms conical sheaths for the spines, with myophriscs. Fig. 3. Amphilonche diodon, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 4. Amphilonche concreta, n. sp., × 100 A complete specimen with the cylindrical central capsule. Fig. 4a. Central part of the skeleton, × 400 Fig. 5. Amphilonche violina, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 6. Amphilonche conica, n. sp., × 300 The ellipsoidal central capsule contains numerous nuclei and is enclosed by the calymma. The conical sheaths of the latter include the radial spines completely and exhibit coronets of myophriscs. Fig. 7. Acantholonche amphipolaris, n. sp., × 200 Fig. 8. Acantholonche peripolaris, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 9. Amphibelone pyramidata, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 10. Amphibelone cultellata, n. sp., × 400 The central capsule contains numerous spherical nuclei and is enclosed by the hyaline calymma, which forms conical sheaths around the spines. Fig. 11. Stauracantha johannis, n. sp., × 400 Basal part of a radial spine, exhibiting the peculiar torsion of the basal leaf-cross and the central apex. Fig. 12. Astrolophus solaris, n. sp., × 200 Fig. 12a. A group of larger and smaller radial spines united in the centre. Fig. 12b. Three isolated spines (one larger and two smaller), × 200

Illustration from Report on the Radiolaria collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Part III. Original description follows: Plate 133. Sphærocapsida, Dorataspida et Phractopeltida. Diam. Fig. 1. Phractopelta dorataspis, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 2. Dorypelta tessaraspis, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 3. Stauropelta cruciata, n. sp., × 400 Fig. 4. Pantopelta icosaspis, n. sp., × 400 Meridional section through the double shell. Fig. 5. Octopelta scutella, n. sp., × 400 Proximal part of two meeting spines, isolated. Fig. 6. Orophaspis furcata, n. sp., × 400 Fig. 7. Porocapsa murrayana, n. sp., × 300 The central capsule is filled up by spherical vacuoles and enclosed by the porous shell; in the centre radii of small granules (nuclei ?) occur. Fig. 8. Cannocapsa stethoscopium, n. sp., × 300 The shell alone. Fig. 9. Astrocapsa coronata, n. sp., × 400 Middle part of one spine with the four aspinal holes. Fig. 9a. Transverse section of a radial spine, w ith the four surrounding aspinal holes and the neighbouring part of the shell, × 400 Fig. 10. Astrocapsa stellata, n. sp., × 400 Part of one spine, with the aspinal holes and their four triangular teeth. Fig. 11. Cenocapsa nirvana, n. sp., × 200 The entire shell, with its pavement of small plates and the twenty cruciform perspinal holes. Fig. 11a. A group of small ovate plates which compose the shell; in each plate a dimple with a porule, × 400 Fig. 11b. A cruciform perspinal hole, seen from the face, × 400 Fig. 11c. A cruciform perspinal hole, with its four teeth, seen in profile, × 400

Live specimen, from the Bay of Villefranche, September 19 2012. Composite image of two focal planes showing the frame and one set of the interior spines of the skeleton. See the video on the Aquaparadox site - video page. or YouTube (search Lithoptera)

Lithoptera fenestrata - focusing through the skeleton to show the complicated 3-D structure

Illustration from Report on the Radiolaria collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Part III. Original description follows: Plate 135. Sphærocapsida et Dorataspida. Diam. Fig. 1. Hylaspis serrulata, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 2. Lychnaspis undulata, n. sp., × 400 Fig. 3. Lychnaspis giltschii, n. sp., × 400 The spherical central capsule is enclosed in the shell. Fig. 4. Lychnaspis rottenburgii, n. sp., × 400 Fig. 5. Zonaspis æquatorialis, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 6. Sphærocapsa cruciata, n. sp., × 150 The entire shell, with its twenty cruciate perspinal holes. Fig. 7. Sphærocapsa cruciata, n. sp., × 800 Insertion of one spine in the cruciate perspinal hole of the shell. Fig. 8. Sphærocapsa quadrata, n. sp., × 800 A group of pores and dimples in the shell surface. Fig. 9. Sphærocapsa dentata, n. sp., × 800 Insertion of one spine in the cruciate perspinal hole of the shell. Fig. 10. Sphærocapsa pavimentata, n. sp., × 800 Insertion of one spine in the perspinal hole of the shell, which is composed of four cruciate aspinal holes and surrounded by a group of dimples and pores.

Illustration from Report on the Radiolaria collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Part III. Original description follows: Plate 132. Astrolophida, Astrolonchida et Amphilonchida. Diam. Fig. 1. Amphilonche lanceolata, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 2. Amphilonche hydrotomica, n. sp., × 300 The spindle-shaped central capsule is filled up with small granules. The clear calymma forms conical sheaths for the spines, with myophriscs. Fig. 3. Amphilonche diodon, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 4. Amphilonche concreta, n. sp., × 100 A complete specimen with the cylindrical central capsule. Fig. 4a. Central part of the skeleton, × 400 Fig. 5. Amphilonche violina, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 6. Amphilonche conica, n. sp., × 300 The ellipsoidal central capsule contains numerous nuclei and is enclosed by the calymma. The conical sheaths of the latter include the radial spines completely and exhibit coronets of myophriscs. Fig. 7. Acantholonche amphipolaris, n. sp., × 200 Fig. 8. Acantholonche peripolaris, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 9. Amphibelone pyramidata, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 10. Amphibelone cultellata, n. sp., × 400 The central capsule contains numerous spherical nuclei and is enclosed by the hyaline calymma, which forms conical sheaths around the spines. Fig. 11. Stauracantha johannis, n. sp., × 400 Basal part of a radial spine, exhibiting the peculiar torsion of the basal leaf-cross and the central apex. Fig. 12. Astrolophus solaris, n. sp., × 200 Fig. 12a. A group of larger and smaller radial spines united in the centre. Fig. 12b. Three isolated spines (one larger and two smaller), × 200

Illustration from Report on the Radiolaria collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Part III. Original description follows: Plate 133. Sphærocapsida, Dorataspida et Phractopeltida. Diam. Fig. 1. Phractopelta dorataspis, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 2. Dorypelta tessaraspis, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 3. Stauropelta cruciata, n. sp., × 400 Fig. 4. Pantopelta icosaspis, n. sp., × 400 Meridional section through the double shell. Fig. 5. Octopelta scutella, n. sp., × 400 Proximal part of two meeting spines, isolated. Fig. 6. Orophaspis furcata, n. sp., × 400 Fig. 7. Porocapsa murrayana, n. sp., × 300 The central capsule is filled up by spherical vacuoles and enclosed by the porous shell; in the centre radii of small granules (nuclei ?) occur. Fig. 8. Cannocapsa stethoscopium, n. sp., × 300 The shell alone. Fig. 9. Astrocapsa coronata, n. sp., × 400 Middle part of one spine with the four aspinal holes. Fig. 9a. Transverse section of a radial spine, w ith the four surrounding aspinal holes and the neighbouring part of the shell, × 400 Fig. 10. Astrocapsa stellata, n. sp., × 400 Part of one spine, with the aspinal holes and their four triangular teeth. Fig. 11. Cenocapsa nirvana, n. sp., × 200 The entire shell, with its pavement of small plates and the twenty cruciform perspinal holes. Fig. 11a. A group of small ovate plates which compose the shell; in each plate a dimple with a porule, × 400 Fig. 11b. A cruciform perspinal hole, seen from the face, × 400 Fig. 11c. A cruciform perspinal hole, with its four teeth, seen in profile, × 400

Illustration from Report on the Radiolaria collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Part III. Original description follows: Plate 135. Sphærocapsida et Dorataspida. Diam. Fig. 1. Hylaspis serrulata, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 2. Lychnaspis undulata, n. sp., × 400 Fig. 3. Lychnaspis giltschii, n. sp., × 400 The spherical central capsule is enclosed in the shell. Fig. 4. Lychnaspis rottenburgii, n. sp., × 400 Fig. 5. Zonaspis æquatorialis, n. sp., × 300 Fig. 6. Sphærocapsa cruciata, n. sp., × 150 The entire shell, with its twenty cruciate perspinal holes. Fig. 7. Sphærocapsa cruciata, n. sp., × 800 Insertion of one spine in the cruciate perspinal hole of the shell. Fig. 8. Sphærocapsa quadrata, n. sp., × 800 A group of pores and dimples in the shell surface. Fig. 9. Sphærocapsa dentata, n. sp., × 800 Insertion of one spine in the cruciate perspinal hole of the shell. Fig. 10. Sphærocapsa pavimentata, n. sp., × 800 Insertion of one spine in the perspinal hole of the shell, which is composed of four cruciate aspinal holes and surrounded by a group of dimples and pores.

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Acantharia cell scheme: 1-axopod, 2-radial spicule, 3-filipod, 4-ectoplasmic cortex, 4-myoneme, 6-mithocondrium, 7-endoplasm, 8-ribosome, 7-zooxatellae, 8-vacuoles, 11-microtubules, 12-ectoplasm, 13-central capsule membrane, 14-Golgi apparatus, 15-digestive vacuoles, 16-nuclei. Date 18 February 2016 Source Own work Author Franciscosp2

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI Español: Dibujo de una Acantharea English: Drawing of an Acantharean Date 12 April 2017 Source Free images from 123rf: https://es.123rf.com/search.php?word=acantharea&srch_lang=es&imgtype=&t_word=Acantharea&t_lang=es&oriSearch=radiozoa&sti=lohk660eme2c4kzbgo Author 123rf.com