Bulbothrix enormis (Hale) Krog

Thallus sublinearly to subirregularly sublaciniate, gray with dusky green distal parts in herbarium, up to 24.1 cm diam., coriaceous, saxicolous; upper cortex 15.0−22.5 µm thick, algal layer 52.5−80.0 µm thick, medulla 120.0−150.0 µm thick, lower cortex 15.0−25.0 µm thick. Laciniae isotomically or anisotomically to irregularly dichotomously branched, (1.3−) 3.2–6.0 (−7.8) mm wide, imbricate to crowded, slightly to not adnate and loose, occasionally almost subcanaliculate, with involute to revolute or sometimes plane, subrounded to subtruncate apices; margins plane to subundulate or slightly involute, smooth and sinuous to occasionally subcrenate, entire, rarely little sublacinulate; axils oval. Upper surface smooth and continuous, rarely with some random irregular cracks; laminal ciliary bulbs absent. Adventitious marginal lacinulae scarce on random parts, short, 0.5–1.7 × 0.3–1.1 mm, usually involute, simple or sometimes irregularly branched; apices truncate to subtruncate; lower side concolorous to the lower marginal zone. Maculae absent. Cilia black to dark brown, with simple to partially double or furcate apices, occasionally bent downwards, 0.10–1.20 (-1.80) × ca. 0.05 (−0.10) mm, with semi-immerse to emerse bulbate bases 0.05–0.20 (-0.35) mm wide or partially not bulbate, sometimes disposed on a distinct black line, frequent to abundant throughout the margins, in small groups in the axils and adjacent parts spaced 0.10−0.40 mm from each other, becoming absent or scarce at the apices of the laciniae and adjacent parts. Soredia, Isidia and Pustulae absent. Medulla usually white, but pinkish in some random parts and below the hymenial discs. Lower surface pale brown, occasionally with random small dark brown or black spots, shiny, smooth, moderate to densely rhizinate. Marginal zone brown, indistinct from the center or sometimes interrupted by blackish spots, shiny, smooth, weakly papillate, gradually becoming rhizinate following the center. Rhizinae black to variably brown, occasionally whitish or with withish apices, simple to occasionally furcate or irregularly branched, without bulbate bases or with subtle basal or displaced bulbs, 0.20–1.80 (−2.30) × 0.05–0.10 mm, frequent to abundant, evenly distributed. Apothecia subconcave to urceolate or occasionally plane, becoming folded when old, adnate to substipiate, 1.1–10.0 mm diam., laminal to submarginal, ecoronate; margin smooth to subcrenate and fissured; amphithecium smooth, without ornamentations. Disc brown to dark brown, epruinose, imperforate; epithecium 7.5–17.5 µm high; hymenium 20.0−55.0 µm high; subhymenium 12.5−22.5 µm high. Ascospores ellipsoid to oval or subrounded, 7.0–11.5 × 5.0–7.0 mm; epispore (0.5−) 1.0−1.5 mm thick. Pycnidia laminal to submarginal, frequent, immerse, with brown or black ostioles. Conidia baciliform to weakly or distinct bifusiform 5.0−8.0 × 0.75 µm. TLC/HPLC: cortical atranorin and chlororatranorin, medullary salazinic and consalazinic acids (see also Hale 1972, 1976b).

Africa: Zambia (Hale 1972, 1976b, Krog 1993), Malawi, and Tanzania (Krog 1993).

Bulbothrix enormis je porost, co go nojprzōd ôpisoł Hale, a terŏźnõ nazwã doł mu Krog. Bulbothrix enormis nŏleży do zorty Bulbothrix i familije Parmeliaceae. Żŏdne podgatōnki niy sōm wymianowane we Catalogue of Life.