Relicina planiuscula (Kurok.) Hale

Relicina planiuscula

Relicina planiuscula (Kurokawa) Hale, 1974:484.

Parmelia planiuscula Kurokawa in Hale and Kurokawa, 1964:144 [type-collection: Kandang Badak, Java, Neervoort 427 (BO, holotype; US, isotype)].

Thallus adnate on bark, coriaceous, 5–9 cm in diameter; lobes sublinear-elongate, 1–3 mm wide; upper surface plane, faintly maculate, sparsely to moderately isidiate, the isidia simple, less than 0.7 mm high, frequently procumbent, rarely lobulate; upper cortex strongly columnar (Figure 5c); lower surface black, moderately rhizinate, the rhizines simple, black. Apothecia rare (frequency 11%), adnate, 1–2 mm in diameter, ecoronate, the amphithecium isidiate; spores 8, 4 × 5 μm.

CHEMISTRY.—Medulla K+ yellowish, C+ faint yellow orange, KC−, P+ yellow, echinocarpic and usnic acids and a C+ unknown with or without atranorin.

HABITATS.—On trunk and branches of Quercus, Pinus, and other trees in open forests and mossy forest at 1500–2200 m (at lower elevation in Japan and Taiwan).

DISTRIBUTION.—Japan, Taiwan, Philippines, Malaya, Indonesia, and Sabah.