Glossary of ALL Terms for Data on EOL

tachyzoite: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0001346
Oval, quickly multiplying trophozoite of Toxoplasma gondii, found in all tissues except non-nucleated erythrocytes during the acute stage of toxoplasmosis.
tail length: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VT_0002758
The distance from point to point along the longest axis of the appendage at the caudal end of the vertebral column.
tail-flipping: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5039547
"Caridoid escape reaction": innate escape mechanism in marine and freshwater crustaceans; rapid abdominal flexions that produce powerful swimming strokes, thrusting the crustacean backwards through the water and away from danger.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caridoid_escape_reaction
tarn: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000455
A mountain lake that is formed in a cirque excavated by a glacier. A moraine may form a natural dam below a tarn.
tarsometatarsus + middle toe length: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TarsometatarsusPlusMiddleToeLength
Length of the tarsometatarsus + length of the middle toe.
tarsus length: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TarsusLength
Length of the tarsus. In birds, length of the tarsometatarsus (fusion of ankle and foot bones)
tea plantation: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000162
teat number: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000445
The number of teats, protuberances on the mammary glands, breasts or udders of female mammals through which milk is excreted.
teeth: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001091
Organ with a cavity which consist of dentine surrounded by enamel
teeth (hymenophore form): https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19861552
hymenophore consists of teeth
telychian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Telychian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
temperate: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000206
temperate broadleaf forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000202
temperate coniferous forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000211
temperate desert: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000182
temperate grassland: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000193
temperate grassland, savanna, and shrubland: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000877
temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands: http://eol.org/schema/terms/temperate_grasslands_savannas_and_shrublands

https://www.worldwildlife.org/biomes/temperate-grasslands-savannas-and-shrublands
temperate mixed forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000212
temperate mountain: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001455
A mountain that is part of a temperate environment
temperate ocean: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TemperateOcean
temperate savanna: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000189
temperate shrubland: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000215
temperate woodland: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000221
temperature: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000146
A physical quality of the thermal energy of a system
temperature at range midpoint latitude: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TemperatureAtRangeMidpointLatitude
The temperature at the range midpoint latitude of an organism.
temperature in geographic range: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TemperatureInRange
Monthly temperature within the geographic range of a taxon.
Kate E. Jones, Jon Bielby, Marcel Cardillo, Susanne A. Fritz, Justin O'Dell, C. David L. Orme, Kamran Safi, Wes Sechrest, Elizabeth H. Boakes, Chris Carbone, Christina Connolly, Michael J. Cutts, Janine K. Foster, Richard Grenyer, Michael Habib, Christopher A. Plaster, Samantha A. Price, Elizabeth A. Rigby, Janna Rist, Amber Teacher, Olaf R. P. Bininda-Emonds, John L. Gittleman, Georgina M. Mace, and Andy Purvis. 2009. PanTHERIA: a species-level database of life history, ecology, and geography of extant and recently extinct mammals. Ecology 90:2648. http://esapubs.org/archive/ecol/E090/184/
temporal distribution: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002323
temporal distribution pattern of process occurrences
temporary aquatic: http://eol.org/schema/terms/temporaryAquatic
aquatic environment that may persist for hours or weeks before returning to a dry state
tenagophyte: http://eol.org/schema/terms/tenagophyte
an amphibious plant, the juvenile submerged or floating on water and the adult (reproductive) phase terrestrial.
GERMISHUIZEN, G. & MEYER, N.L. (eds) 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Tentacle color: http://eol.org/schema/terms/tentacle_color
overall color of the tentacle
Tentacle number: http://eol.org/schema/terms/tentacle_number
number of tentacles per individual or per unit
terminal: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C47940
situated at an end; occurring at or forming an end
terminal moraine: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000252
Ridges of unconsolidated debris deposited at the snout or end of the glacier. They usually reflect the shape of the glacier's terminus.
terra firme: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3518534
Dense and tall Amazonian forest growing above the river valleys, in higher ground that does not get flooded by the rivers.
Mexican Amphibians
terrace: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000508
A step-like feature between higher and lower ground: a relatively flat or gently inclined shelf of earth, backed and fronted by steep slopes or manmade detaining walls.
terreneuvian epoch: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Terreneuvian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
terrestrial: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000446
A biome that applies to the terrestrial realm.
terrestrial habitat: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002009
A habitat that is on or at the boundary of the surface of the Earth.
terrestrial plant: http://eol.org/schema/terms/terrestrialPlant
A terrestrial plant is a plant that grows on or in or from land. Other types of plants are aquatic (living in water), epiphytic (living on trees) and lithophytic (living in or on rocks)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrestrial_plant
terrigenous sediment: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000070
Sediment comprised of weathered continental rocks, wind blown dust, volcanic ash or other terrestrial material.
territorial: http://eol.org/schema/terms/Territorial
In ethology, territory is the sociographical area that an animal of a particular species consistently defends against conspecifics, or, occasionally, animals of other species. Animals that defend territories in this way are referred to as territorial.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territory_(animal)
testes mass: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TestesMass
testicond: http://eol.org/schema/terms/testicond
Undescended testicles, the ancestral condition in mammals.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jeb.12373/full
testis location: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TestisLocation
Anatomical location of testis; eg: internal, descended, scrotal, inguinal.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jeb.12373/full
tetracosanoic acid: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28866
tetradecanoic acid: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28875
tetrapods: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19159
superclass of the first four-limbed vertebrates and their descendants. https://eol.org/pages/46557930
tetrathyridium: http://eol.org/schema/terms/tetrathyridium
an infective tapeworm larva. When the first intermediate host of a tapeworm is eaten by the vertebrate second intermediate host, the larva develops into a tetrathyridium in the peritoneal cavity or in viscera.
thallus diameter: http://eol.org/schema/terms/thallusDiameter
diameter of the thallus, a gametophytic lifestage that has a flat growth form
thallus diameter: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0023069
diameter of the thallus, a gametophytic lifestage that has a flat growth form
thallus length: http://eol.org/schema/terms/thallusLength
length of the thallus, a gametophytic lifestage that has a flat growth form
thallus length: https://eol.org/schema/terms/thallus_length
length of the thallus, a gametophytic lifestage that has a flat growth form
thallus size: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0014721
thallus width: http://eol.org/schema/terms/thallusWidth
width of the thallus, a gametophytic lifestage that has a flat growth form
thanetian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Thanetian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
the indo-malayan realm: http://eol.org/schema/terms/IndoMalayan

https://www.oneearth.org/realms/indomalaya/
The Nearctic: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q737742
one of the eight terrestrial ecozones constituting the Earth's land surface
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ecozone_Nearctic.svg
The Neotropics: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217151
one of the eight terrestrial ecozones constituting the Earth's land surface
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ecozone_Neotropic.svg
the Palearctic: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q106447
largest of the eight ecozones constituting the Earth's surface
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Palearctic.png
thermal: http://eol.org/schema/terms/thermalFeature
an environmental feature which is a natural heat source
thermocline: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002269
A layer within a water body where the temperature changes rapidly with depth.
thermophile: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q834023
organism that thrives at relatively high temperatures
thickness: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000915
A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width
third instar larva stage: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8000002
The third stage of instar larva stage. [ IDOMAL : 0000658 ]
thorax length: http://eol.org/schema/terms/thoraxLength

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thorax#Other_animals
threatened: http://eol.org/schema/terms/federalThreatened
The organism has federal Threatened status in the United States of America.
threatened: https://eol.org/schema/terms/threatened
may become endangered within the foreseeable future
https://tpwd.texas.gov/landwater/land/habitats/cross_timbers/endangered_species/
thunniform swimming: https://eol.org/schema/terms/thunniform
Body/caudal fin propulsion, characteristic of tunas, also found in several lamnid sharks. Virtually all the sideways movement is in the tail and the region connecting the main body to the tail (the peduncle). The tail itself tends to be large and crescent shaped. This form of swimming enables these fish to chase and catch prey more easily due to the increase in speed of swimming, like in barracudas.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_locomotion#Thunniform
tidal creek: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000041
A tidal water channel. Creeks may often dry to a muddy channel with little or no flow at low tide, but often with significant depth of water at high tide.
tidal mudflat: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000241
A level tract lying at a small depth below the surface of water, or alternately covered and left bare by the tide.
tidal pool: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000317
Pools formed as a high tide comes in over a rocky shore. Water fills depressions in the ground, which turn into isolated pools as the tide retreats.
tidal watercourse: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000412
tidewater glacier: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000456
A glacier that flows into the sea.
timber: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1370714
wood that has been processed into beams and planks
tissue contains: https://eol.org/schema/terms/tissue_contains
describes a component found in biotic tissue
tithonian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Tithonian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
toarcian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Toarcian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
tombolo: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000420
deposition landform such as a spit or bar which forms a narrow piece of land between an island or offshore rock and a mainland shore, or between two islands or offshore rocks
tons: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UO_0010038
An imperial mass unit which is equivalent to 1,016.046,9088 kilograms, or 2,240 pounds
topotype: http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonName#Topotype
One or more specimens collected at the same location as the type series (type locality), regardless of whether they are part of the type series. Topotypes are not regulated by the botanical or zoological code. Also called "locotype". [Zoo./Bot.]
tortonian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Tortonian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
total length: http://purl.org/obo/owlATOL_0001660
length from the tip of the snout to the tip of the longer lobe of the caudal fin, usually measured with the lobes compressed along the midline. It is a straight-line measure, not measured over the curve of the body
total life span: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VT_0001661
The full period of time from birth to death of an organism.
total species surveyed: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TotalSpeciesSurveyed
total number of species in this clade, found in this survey (Appeltans et al. 2012. The Magnitude of Global Marine Species Diversity. Current Biology 22, 2189–2202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.036)
total unknown marine species: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TotalUnknownSpeciesExpert
Total species unknown in this clade (undescribed + undiscovered) (estimate based on expert opinion) (Appeltans et al. 2012. The Magnitude of Global Marine Species Diversity. Current Biology 22, 2189–2202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.036)
tournaisian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Tournaisian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
trailing: http://eol.org/schema/terms/trailing
Growing along the ground.
transient: http://eol.org/schema/terms/transientSeedBank
Of seed bank longevity. Seeds germinate in the first favourable season after dispersal. Generally, seed bank longevity is <= 1 yr (no persistent seed bank).
http://www.uv.es/jgpausas/brot.htm
transportation: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_02000125
A planned process that is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another.
transverse division: http://eol.org/schema/terms/transverseDivision
a common mode of asexual reproduction among skeletonless coelenterates and also in some skeletal anthozoans (division of the soft body must be associated with division of the skeleton)
Stolarski, J. 1991. Transverse division in a Miocene scleractinian coral. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 36 (4): 413-426
trapezoid: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002044
A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being a quadrilateral with two parallel sides.
Gymnodiniales Traits
travertine: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00003982
A natural chemical precipitate of carbonate minerals; typically aragonite, but often recrystallized to or primarily calcite; which is deposited from the water of mineral springs (especially hot springs) or streams saturated with calcium carbonate.
tree: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0900033
whole plant arborescent
tremadocian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Tremadocian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
triact: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000599
Spicule with three rays in one plane
triassic period: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Triassic

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
tributary: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000495
A stream or river which flows into another river (a parent river) or body of water but which may not flow directly into the sea.
tridecanoic acid: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45919
trilete: http://eol.org/schema/terms/trilete
spores bearing a Y shaped scar, indicating that they were arranged in a tetrahedral spore tetrad
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/GeolSci/micropal/spore.html
tripinnate: http://eol.org/schema/terms/tripinnate
pinnately compound leaves in which the leaflets are themselves bipinnate; also called thrice-pinnate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinnation#Iteration_of_divisions
tripinnate + pinnatifid: http://eol.org/schema/terms/tripinnatepinnatifid
a tripinnately compound leaf, with the pinnae being pinnatifid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinnation
trivoltine: http://eol.org/schema/terms/trivoltine
completing three generations per year
troglomorphic: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17114503
the morphological adaptation of an animal to living in constant darkness, characterised by features such as loss of pigment, reduced eyesight or blindness
trophic ecology: http://eol.org/schema/terms/trophicEcology
the diet, nutrition, feeding and energetic and nutrient supply attributes of an organism
trophic guild: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TrophicGuild
A group of species that exploit the same food resources, and/or use the same feeding or foraging methods. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guild_(ecology)
trophic level: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1053008
position of an organism in a food web. May be described verbally with descriptors including primary producer, herbivore or carnivore. If described numerically, 1 indicates a primary producer, 2 a herbivore, and so on up the food web.
trophozoite stage: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPL_0000057
A parasite lifecycle stage of some protozoan parasites that is a non-reproductive, feeding and growing stage.
tropical and subtropical coniferous forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00005806
tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000879
tropical broadleaf forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000200
tropical coniferous forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000210
tropical desert: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000183
A tropical desert biome is a desert biome which has communities adapted to temperatures above a monthly average of 18 degrees Celsius, high daily temperature ranges of approximately 20 degrees Celsius, very high insolation due to inhibited cloud formation, and very low precipitation. Tropical desert biomes located near coasts with cold upwellings may have cooler temperatures and reduced insolution due to fog.
tropical dry broadleaf forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000227
tropical dry or deciduous forests (including monsoon forests) or woodlands: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002990
tropical freshwater lake: http://eol.org/schema/terms/tropicalFreshwaterLake
tropical grassland: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000192
tropical humid forests: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002993
tropical moist broadleaf forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000228
tropical mountain: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001456
a mountain that is part of a tropical environment
tropical ocean: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TropicalOcean
tropical or subtropical: http://eol.org/schema/terms/tropicalOrSubtropical
tropical savanna: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000188
tropical semideciduous forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000388
A semi-deciduous broadleaf forest which is subject to tropical climate patterns.
tropical shrubland: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000214
tropical soil: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00005778
tropical waters (hot): http://polytraits.lifewatchgreece.eu/terms/TEMP_HOT
tropical waters (warm): http://polytraits.lifewatchgreece.eu/terms/RT_WARM
tropical woodland: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000220
tube feet: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008247
One of the numerous external, fluid-filled muscular tubes of echinoderms, such as the starfish or sea urchin, serving as organs of locomotion, food handling, and respiration. Tube feet consist of two parts: ampulla and podia. Ampulla contain both circular muscles and longitudinal muscle, whereas the podia contain the latter only. Thus the podia use suction to attach to the substratum.
tubicolous: https://eol.org/schema/terms/tubicolous
aquatic organisms that construct and inhabit simple unbranched vertical shafts with only one opening to the surface. These are primarily above-sediment filter-feeders, surface deposit-feeders, and subsurface deposit-feeders (head-down, conveyor-belt feeders)
Macrofaunal Burrows and Irrigation in Marine Sediment: Microbiological and Biogeochemical Interactions. Available from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265483886_Macrofaunal_Burrows_and_Irrigation_in_Marine_Sediment_Microbiological_and_Biogeochemical_Interactions [accessed Feb 26 2020].
tuft: https://eol.org/schema/terms/tuft
a small cluster of elongated flexible outgrowths attached or close together at the base and free at the opposite ends especially; a growing bunch of grasses or close-set plants"
tundra: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000874
tundra: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000180
A tundra is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its spatial extent, only low-growing vegetation such as dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens. Tundra biomes rarely have monthly average temperatures above 10 degrees Celsius and have low evapotranspiration ratios.
tundra: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43262
tunnel: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000068
An underground or underwater passage.
turbid water: http://eol.org/schema/terms/turbidWater
Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by large numbers of individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye, similar to smoke in air. The measurement of turbidity is a key test of water quality.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbidity
turbidity: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C74723
The determination of the opacity of a liquid.
turlough: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000454
An intermittent lake unique to the limestone areas of Ireland, mostly west of the River Shannon. Most turloughs flood in the autumn, usually some time in October, and then dry up some time between April and July.
turonian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Turonian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
tuya: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000370
A distinctive, flat-topped, steep-sided volcano formed when lava erupts through a thick glacier or ice sheet.
tympanal organ: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1784041
hearing organ in insects, consisting of a membrane (tympanum) stretched across a frame backed by an air sac and associated sensory neurons
tympanic bladder: https://eol.org/schema/terms/tympanic_bladder
a gas-filled cranial derivative of the swim bladder
tympanic middle ear: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001756
the air-filled cavity within the skull of vertebrates that lies between the outer ear and the inner ear. It is linked to the pharynx (and therefore to outside air) via the Eustachian tube and in mammals contains the three ear ossicles, which transmit auditory vibrations from the outer ear (via the tympanum) to the inner ear
type: http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonName#Type
a) A specimen designated or indicated any kind of type of a species or infraspecific taxon. If possible more specific type terms (holotype, syntype, etc.) should be applied. b) the type name of a name of higher rank for taxa above the species rank. [General]
type of type: http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonName#typeOfType
The kind of type this specimen is e.g. paratype, isotype, holotype etc. Equivalent to TCS ScientificName/Typification/TypeVouchers/TypeVoucher@typeOfType
http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonName
type specimen repository: http://eol.org/schema/terms/TypeSpecimenRepository
The institution that holds a type specimen for a given species. The recommended best practice is to use the identifier in a collections registry such as the Biodiversity Collections Index (http://www.biodiversitycollectionsindex.org/).
type status: http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/typeStatus
A list (concatenated and separated) of nomenclatural types (type status, typified scientific name, publication) applied to the subject.