Glossary of ALL Terms for Data on EOL

paddy field: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000297
A flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice and other semiaquatic crops.
paddy field soil: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00005740
pain of sting: http://eol.org/schema/terms/stingPain
paleoarchean era: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Paleoarchean

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
paleocene epoch: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Paleocene

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
paleogene period: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Paleogene

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
paleoproterozoic era: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Paleoproterozoic

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
paleozoic era: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Paleozoic

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
palm tree: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29582371
a tropical monocot tree relying for support on overlapping leaves wrapping around the stem, thickened parenchyma cells, and prop or brace roots
palmate: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000436
Hand shaped
palmeiral: https://eol.org/schema/terms/palmeiral
palm tree woodland
palsa: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000489
A low oval elevation in areas with permafrost, frequently peat bogs, where a perennial ice lens has developed within the soil. A palsa consists, similarly to a pingo, of an ice core and overlying soil materials, in case of a palsa usually boggy soil. Palsas are characteristically found in areas with discontinuous permafrost and in such areas bay be the only reliable surface evidence of permafrost. A palsa needs large quantities of water for the formation of its ice core (i.e. ice lens), which is why they frequently emerge from and are bound by boggy soils, which can store enormous quantities of water in their pores. Palsas develop particularly in moorlands and are therefore also named palsamoors.
palynivore: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECOCORE_00000137
An herbivore that primarily consumes pollen
papillae: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001995
surface structures in the form of small, fleshy protuberances
paralectotype: http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonName#Paralectotype
All of the specimens in the syntype series of a species or infraspecific taxon other than the lectotype itself. Also called "lectoparatype". [Zoo.]
parallel/free (leaf veins): http://eol.org/schema/terms/freevein
veins run parallel and equidistant to each other for most of the length of the leaf; they may converge or fuse (anastomose) towards the apex
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf#Veins
paraneotype: http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonName#Paraneotype
All of the specimens in the syntype series of a species or infraspecific taxon other than the neotype itself
parapodia: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1755097
lateral outgrowths or protrusions from the body.
parasite: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12806437
organism adapted to living on or in another organism and causing harm to its host
parasitize: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444
parasitoid: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECOCORE_00000087
A heterotroph with a temporary parasitic association with another organism that leads to the death of the host. After which, the parasitoid can continue without the host or can move on to a new host. These organisms are considered partly parasites and partly predators.
paratopotype: http://eol.org/schema/terms/paratopotype
A paratype from the same locality as the holotype
Hawksworth, D. L. 2010. Terms Used in Bionomenclature. The naming of organisms (and plant communities). Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Copenhagen.
paratype: http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonName#Paratype
All of the specimens in the type series of a species or infraspecific taxon other than the holotype (and, in botany, isotypes). Paratypes must have been at the disposition of the author at the time when the original description was created and must have been designated and indicated in the publication. Judgment must be exercised on paratype status, for only rarely are specimens explicitly cited as paratypes, but usually as "specimens examined,''other material seen", etc. [Zoo./Bot.]
parental care: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060746
A reproductive behavior in which a parent cares for and rears offspring.
parthenita: http://eol.org/schema/terms/parthenita
a unisexual trematode lifestage in an intermediate host
parthenogenesis: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183236
natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of embryos occur without fertilization
particle displacement: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q779457
measurement of distance of the movement of a particle from its equilibrium position in a medium as it transmits a sound wave
particulate organic matter: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22093455
organic particles in soil or water, usually defined by size class, (eg: up to 2mm in soil, or 1mm at sea) which may include detritus, as well as living particles such as microbes or pollen
particulate skeleton (non-solid): http://www.marinespecies.org/traits/NonSolidParticlesComp
small and individual structural elements that function as supporting structure/enclosure, e.g. spicules in sponges.
http://www.marinespecies.org/traits/wiki/Traits:NonSolidParticlesComp
partivoltine: http://eol.org/schema/terms/partivoltine
completing one generation in more than two years
pasture: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000266
Grassland used for grazing of ungulate livestock as part of a farm or ranch.
pasture soil: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00005773
patch reef: http://eol.org/schema/terms/patchReef
"patch reef": a coral boulder or clump of corals formed on a shelf, usually of less than 70 m depth, often in the lagoon of a barrier reef or atoll. It is unattached to a major reef structure
https://definedterm.com/patch_reef
pathogen: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000643
A biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host.
pathogen vector parasite: http://eol.org/schema/terms/pathogen_vector_parasite
a parasite that introduces a pathogen, eg: a bacterium, into the body of its host, and then feeds on the pathogen as it proliferates in or on the host.
Richard C. Brusca, Wendy Moore, and Stephen M. Shuster, eds. 2016. Invertebrates, 3rd edition. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, USA. p. 677, Nematoda Feeding and Digestion.
peat cut: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000157
An artificial working of peatland to remove the peat.
peat soil: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00005774
peat swamp: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000189
Forested peatlands including both rain- and groundwater-fed types, commonly recorded in tropical regions with high rainfall. This type of peatland covers around 350,000 km2, primarily in south-east Asia but also occurring in the Everglades in Florida.
peatland: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000044
A wetland type that accumulates acidic peat, a deposit of dead plant material.
pebble sediment: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000116
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 4 and 32 mm.
pectinate: http://eol.org/schema/terms/pectinate
comb-like
https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/exhibits/living-landscapes/cbasin/cb_grasses/agropyron.html
pectoral fin oscillation: https://eol.org/schema/terms/pectoral_oscillation
a type of pectoral-fin-based swimming, also known as mobuliform locomotion. Lower frequency than fin undulation; can be described as the production of less than half a wave on the fin, similar to a bird wing flapping. Pelagic stingrays use oscillatory locomotion.
pectoral fin swimming: https://eol.org/schema/terms/pectoral_fins
swimming mainly using undulations of the pectoral fins
pectoral fin undulations: https://eol.org/schema/terms/pectoral_undulation
a type of pectoral-fin-based swimming, also known as mobuliform locomotion. Lower frequency than fin undulation; can be described as the production of less than half a wave on the fin, similar to a bird wing flapping. Pelagic stingrays use oscillatory locomotion.
pedate: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7159016
a structure that resembles feet, or has a quality of feet
pedunculate: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C97129
Having a narrow part by which some larger part is attached.
pelagic: http://eol.org/schema/terms/pelagic
living in aquatic habitat, in the water column, not associated with the coastal or benthic zones
pelagic zone: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000208
An open ocean region.
pennsylvanian sub-period: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Pennsylvanian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
pentadecanoic acid: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_42504
pentaradial symmetry: http://eol.org/schema/terms/pentaradially_symmetric
radial symmetry with a five-fold repeating pattern
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry_in_biology#Subtypes_of_radial_symmetry
peptidases: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212410
hydrolases found in the venoms of cephalopods, hymenopterans, remipedes, reptiles, and mammals. Effects: prevention of blood coagulation, and the causing of vasodilation, smooth muscle contraction, pain, and inflammation.
Björn M. von Reumont, Alexander Blanke, Sandy Richter, Fernando Alvarez, Christoph Bleidorn, Ronald A. Jenner, The First Venomous Crustacean Revealed by Transcriptomics and Functional Morphology: Remipede Venom Glands Express a Unique Toxin Cocktail Dominated by Enzymes and a Neurotoxin, Molecular Biology and Evolution, Volume 31, Issue 1, January 2014, Pages 48–58, https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst199
per acre: http://eol.org/schema/terms/perAcre
per day: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C66968
A frequency rate of occurrences of something within a period of time equal to twenty-four hours.
per year: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/Thesaurus.owl#C74924
A frequency rate of occurrences of something within a period of time equal to three hundred sixty-five days.
percent: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UO_0000187
A dimensionless ratio unit which denotes numbers as fractions of 100.
percent of marine species currently described: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PercentSpeciesCurrentlyDescribed
percent of all marine species in this clade that are currently described (estimate) (Appeltans et al. 2012. The Magnitude of Global Marine Species Diversity. Current Biology 22, 2189–2202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.036)
percent surveyed species not yet known to science: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PercentSurveyedSpeciesNotYetKnownToScience
percent of undescribed species in this clade, found in this survey (Appeltans et al. 2012. The Magnitude of Global Marine Species Diversity. Current Biology 22, 2189–2202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.036)
percent synonyms among marine species: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PercentSynonyms
percent of all marine species names in this clade that are considered subjective synonyms (Appeltans et al. 2012. The Magnitude of Global Marine Species Diversity. Current Biology 22, 2189–2202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.036)
pereiopod: https://eol.org/schema/terms/pereiopod
Locomotory thoracopod, a thoracic appendage used for movement, feeding, and/or defense
https://research.nhm.org/glossary/define.html?termID=557 Mauchline, J. 1984. Euphausiid, stomatopod, and leptostracan crustaceans. Keys and notes for the identification of species. Synopses of the British Fauna, no. 30. The Linnean Society of London and The Estuarine and Brackish-Water Sciences Association.
perennial: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0980073
Of plant duration, a plant whose life span extends over more than two growing seasons, c.f. annual, biennial, ephemeral, of flowering with respect to architecture, hapaxanthic, monocarpic, pleonanthic
Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 12, July 2012. Glossary: http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/top/glossaryi_p.html#perennial
peristalsis: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q308695
A wavelike sequence of muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along a tubelike structure, such as a vertebrate intestine, or the body of an earthworm
permanent spring: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000205
A spring whose flow is continuous.
permian era: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Permian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
persistent: http://eol.org/schema/terms/persistentSeedBank
Of seed bank longevity. Seeds do not germinate in the first favourable season after dispersal. Generally seed bank longevity is > 1 yr (could be longer but it is unknown).
http://www.uv.es/jgpausas/brot.htm
pest control: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0011562
pg: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UO_0000025
picogram. A mass unit which is equal to 10^[-12] g
ph of water: http://eol.org/schema/terms/pH
Measured pH of water at a location where this organism has been observed or collected.
phaeozem: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002249
Phaeozems accommodate soils of relatively wet grassland and forest regions in moderately continental climates. Phaeozems are much like Chernozems and Kastanozems but are leached more intensively. Consequently, they have dark, humus rich surface horizons that, in comparison with Chernozems and Kastanozems, are less rich in bases. Phaeozems may or may not have secondary carbonates but have a high base saturation in the upper metre of the soil.
phagocytosis feeder: http://eol.org/schema/terms/phagocytosis
a consumer that feeds primarily by phagocytosis, a cellular-level process that results in the engulfment of food particles outside the body, by specialized cells called phagocytes. Literally, "eating by the cell".
phagotroph: http://eol.org/schema/terms/phagotroph
A heterotrophic organism that feeds by ingesting particulate organic material (living or dead organisms), which are then digested within the body.
phanerozoic eon: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Phanerozoic

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
phenological season: http://eol.org/schema/terms/phenologicalSeason
the time, usually months or seasons, at which life history events take place, eg: breeding, insect emergence, or plant blooming
phenology: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q272737
study of periodic events in biological life cycles
phorozooid: http://eol.org/schema/terms/phorozooid
A zooid of the sexual generation of some free-swimming tunicates which though it becomes free-swimming does not mature sexually.
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/phorozooid
photic zone: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000209
The zone of an ocean from the surface to 200m where photosynthesis can occur, due to the penetration of light.
photoautotroph: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECOCORE_00000130
An autotroph which is capable of transforming light into chemical energy.
photoheterotroph: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECOCORE_00000131
A heterotroph which is capable of transforming light into chemical energy.
photoneotype: http://eol.org/schema/terms/photoneotype
Often, when examining host animals, parasite oocysts are found that clearly can be identified to a known species for which only a line drawing exists. If photomicrographs of these sporulated oocysts are submitted to a museum by any author, the first inclination is to call them photoneotypes. However, the precise language of the Code is that a neotype must be a single specimen, not a series. Thus, this term probably should not be used. A more precise term for photomicrographs of oocysts that document a previously described species, by any subsequent worker, is a photoneosyntype series.
Duszynski DW. Revisiting the code: clarifying name-bearing types for photomicrographs of protozoa. J Parasitol. 1999 Aug;85(4):769-70. PMID: 10461969.
photoreceptor cell: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0001060
A specialized cell type in a multicellular organism that is sensitive to light.
photosymbiotroph: http://eol.org/schema/terms/photosymbiotroph
A consumer that derives energy from a photosynthetic symbiont
photosynthetic pathway: http://eol.org/schema/terms/photosyntheticPathway
the biochemical pathway a plant uses to gain carbon for growth and reproduction. Plants have evolved three photosynthetic pathways, each in response to distinct environmental conditions, resulting in differences in their ecological patterns of growth and distribution.
photosynthetic rate: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TO_0001015
The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time
photosynthetic stem: http://eol.org/schema/terms/photosyntheticStem
Stem photosynthesis is similar to C3 leaf photosynthesis and occurs in species inhabiting a diversity of high-light sites
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012276460-8/50012-6
phototroph: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q335183
organism using energy from light in metabolic processes
phreatic zone: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000329
subterranean zone in which all interstices are filled with water that has a hydraulic head greater than atmospheric pressure due to the weight of overlying groundwater.
physiological state: http://eol.org/schema/terms/physiologicalState
Central to physiological functioning are biophysical and biochemical processes, homeostatic control mechanisms, and communication between cells. Physiological state is the condition of normal function, while pathological state refers to abnormal conditions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiology
phytoplanktivore: http://eol.org/schema/terms/phytoplanktivore
A herbivorous organism feeding primarily on phytoplankton
phytoplankton: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184755
autotrophic components of the plankton community
piacenzian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Piacenzian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
pier: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000563
A raised walkway over water, supported by piles or pillars.
piercer: http://eol.org/schema/terms/piercer
An organism that uses a stylet to penetrate the host/prey/substrate to gain access to food
piercing mouthparts: https://eol.org/schema/terms/piercing
Mouthparts modified into long or short, sclerotized piercing devices that are used to penetrate the host/prey/substrate to gain access to food.
piercing-sucking mouthparts: https://eol.org/schema/terms/piercingSucking
Mouthparts modified into long or short, sclerotized piercing devices that are used to penetrate the host/prey/substrate to gain access to food, and liquids are transported through the food canal with the aid of a pressure gradient created by a sucking pump.
piezophile: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q808724
organisms capable of living under high hydrostatic pressures
piggery: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00003042
pileate: http://eol.org/schema/terms/pileate
fruiting body with a cap
Pindare Moist Forests: http://eol.org/schema/terms/Tocantins/Pindare_moist_forests

http://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/nt0139
pingo: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000413
A mound of earth-covered ice found in the Arctic, subarctic, and Antarctica that can reach up to 70 metres in height and up to 2 kilometres in diameter.
pinhole eyes: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000048
Simple eye that has a small aperture (which may be adjustable) a deep pit, and no lens. It is only found in the nautiloids
pinnacle reef: http://eol.org/schema/terms/pinnacleReef
a nearly cylindrical reef with vertical sides; may be up to 200 m diameter and 50 m in height
https://definedterm.com/pinnacle_reef
pinnate: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25501895
type of compound leaf, where leaflets arise at multiple points along a common axis
pinnate + pinnatifid: http://eol.org/schema/terms/pinnatepinnatifid
a pinnately compound leaf, with the pinnae being pinnatifid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinnation
pinnatifid: http://eol.org/schema/terms/pinnatifid
leaves with pinnate lobes that are not discrete, remaining sufficiently connected to each other that they are not separate leaflets.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinnation
pinyon juniper woodland: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000244
A pinyon juniper woodland is a conifer woodland which has a tree community primarily composed of trees of the subsection Cembroides of the genus Pinus and the genus Juniperus.
piscivore: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1420208
carnivorous animal which eats primarily fish.
planktivore: http://wikidata.org/entity/Q7201320
an aquatic organism that feeds on planktonic food
planktonic: http://www.marinespecies.org/traits/Plankton
Living in the fluid medium (water or air) but unable to maintain their position or distribution independently of the movement of the water/air mass (adapted from Lincoln et al., 1998).
http://www.marinespecies.org/traits/wiki/Traits:Plankton
planktonic material: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000063
environmental material primarily composed of plankton.
planktotroph: http://eol.org/schema/terms/planktotrophic
Planktotrophic species generally have fairly long pelagic larval durations and feed while in the water column. Consequentially, they have the potential to disperse long distances.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_larval_ecology#Larval_development_strategies
plant growth form: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0900032
whole plant growth form. eg: herbaceous, tree, liana
plant height: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TO_0000207
A stature and vigor trait (TO:0000133) which is associated with the height of a whole plant (PO:0000003).
plant lifeform: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FLOPO_0900022
whole plant lifeform
plant parasite: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q116420841
organism that parasitizes plants
plant pathogen: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3382064
a microorganism that causes disease in its plant host
plantation: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000117
An intentional planting of a crop, on a large scale, usually for uses other than cereal production or pasture. The term is currently most often used for plantings of trees and shrubs. The term tends also to be used for plantings maintained on economic bases other than that of subsistence farming.
planted forest: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000119
A forest that has been intentionally established by human intervention.
plantigrade: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1146374
walking with the toes and metatarsals flat on the ground
planting density: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PlantingDensity
Recommended minimum number of individual plants to plant per area.
USDA PLANTS database Characteristics Data Fields. http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html
planula: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q943388
Larval form of various Cnidarian species
plasmodium: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0000757
Multinucleate mass of protoplasm bounded only by a plasma membrane; the main vegetative form of acellular slime moulds.
plastoneotype: http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonName#Plastoneotype
A copy or cast of neotype material
plastotype: http://eol.org/schema/terms/plastotype
An artificial specimen moulded or otherwise reproduced directly from a type; particularly used for fossils
Hawksworth, D. L. 2010. Terms Used in Bionomenclature. The naming of organisms (and plant communities). Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Copenhagen.
plateau: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000182
An elevated and comparatively level expanse of land.
pleistocene epoch: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Pleistocene

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
pleopod: https://eol.org/schema/terms/pleopod
Limb of any of first five abdominal segments in Eumalacostraca, in many crustaceans adapted for swimming. (swimmeret)
https://research.nhm.org/glossary/define.html Moore, R. C., and L. McCormick. 1969. General features of Crustacea. In: R. C. Moore (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part R, Arthropoda 4. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.
plerocercoid: http://eol.org/schema/terms/plerocercoid
the last larval form, the infective form, found in the second intermediate host of many Cestoda with aquatic life cycles
plerocercus: http://eol.org/schema/terms/plerocercus
the fully developed metacestode stage of a trypanorhynch; a juvenile scolex surrounded by a bladder-like structure
plesiotype: http://eol.org/schema/terms/plesiotype
A specimen upon which a subsequent or additional description or illustration of a previously named species is based
https://species-id.net/zooterms/plesiotype
pleustophyte: http://eol.org/schema/terms/pleustophyte
a plant that is free-floating on the water surface, not attached to or penetrating the substrate, with some photosynthetic parts in contact with air.
GERMISHUIZEN, G. & MEYER, N.L. (eds) 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
pliensbachian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Pliensbachian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
pliocene epoch: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Pliocene

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
plunge pool: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000483
A hollow eroded by the force of the falling water at the base of a waterfall, particularly by the eddying effect.
pmol/m^2/s: https://eol.org/schema/terms/picomolpermetersquaredpersecond
Picomoles per meter squared per second
podocyst: http://eol.org/schema/terms/podocyst
cysts with stored reserves of organic compounds produced beneath the pedal discs of polyps of scyphozoans in the orders Rhizostomae (suborder Dactyliophorae) and Semaeostomae. They excyst small polyps that develop into fully active polyps (scyphistomae) capable of further podocyst production and of medusa production by strobilation.
Arai M.N. (2008) The potential importance of podocysts to the formation of scyphozoan blooms: a review. In: Pitt K.A., Purcell J.E. (eds) Jellyfish Blooms: Causes, Consequences, and Recent Advances. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 206. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9749-2_16
podzol: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002257
Podzols are soils with a typically ash-grey upper subsurface horizon, bleached by loss of organic matter and iron oxides, on top of a dark accumulation horizon with brown, reddish or black illuviated humus and/or reddish Fe compounds. Podzols occur in humid areas in the boreal and temperate zones and locally also in the tropics.
polar: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000894
polar: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000339
polar desert: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000186
polder: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000286
An area reclaimed from the sea by diking and draining.
polje: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000325
A large closed depression draining underground, witha flat floor across which there may be an intermittent or perennial stream and which may be liable to flood and become a lake. The floor makes a sharp break with parts of surrounding slopes.
pollen: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0025281
A microgametophyte that develops from a microspore, located in a pollen sac in a flower
pollinate: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002455
polyandrous: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECOCORE_00000064
One female has an exclusive mating relationship with two or more males
polychaete feeder: https://eol.org/schema/terms/polychaete_feeder
a carnivore that feeds primarily on polychaete worms
polygamodioecious: https://eol.org/schema/terms/polygamodioecious
mostly dioecious, but with either a few flowers of the opposite sex or a few bisexual flowers on the same plant
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_reproductive_morphology
polygamomonoecious: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7226331
a sexual system that is mostly monoecious, but also partly polygamous, i.e. bisexual flowers may appear
polygynous: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECOCORE_00000065
One male has an exclusive mating relationship with two or more females
polyhaline: http://eol.org/schema/terms/polyhaline
Water with a salinity between 18 and 30 PSU
created by Anne Thessen
polymetallic nodule: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000112
Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules, are rock concretions on the sea bottom formed of concentric layers of iron and manganese hydroxides around a core. Nodules vary in size from tiny particles visible only under a microscope to large pellets more than 20 centimetres (8 in) across. However, most nodules are between 5 and 10 cm in diameter.
polynya: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000484
Any enclosed water area in pack ice other than a lead, not large enough to be called open water. When frozen over, a polyna becomes an ice skylight from the point of view of the submariner.
polyp: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q689884
one of two forms found in the phylum Cnidaria
Polyp diameter: http://eol.org/schema/terms/polyp_diameter
diameter of the cross section of a polyp
pond: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000033
A body of water, usually of smaller size than a lake.
pond bed: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000512
The ground surface that lies beneath a pond.
pond water: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002228
populated place: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000062
Place or area with clustered or scattered buildings and a permanent human population.
population: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000181
a collection of individuals from the same taxonomic class living, counted or sampled at a particular site or in a particular area
population group size: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PopulationGroupSize
Number of individuals in a group that spends the majority of their time in a 24 hour cycle together
population trend: http://eol.org/schema/terms/population_trend
i.e., increasing, decreasing, stable, or unknown
pores: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19861549
hymenophore consists of pores
position: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140
A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity, eg: on the body of an organism.
post-fire seedling emergence: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PostFireSeedlingEmergence
Seedling density per pre-fire mature individuals emerging during the first year after fire (seedlings/mature).
BROT trait database. Traits: units and categories (SeedlEmerg), http://www.uv.es/jgpausas/brot.htm
post-fire seedling survival: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PostFireSeedlingSurvival
Proportion of seedlings surviving first dry season after fire.
BROT trait database. Traits: units and categories (SeedlSurv), http://www.uv.es/jgpausas/brot.htm
postmetamorph: http://eol.org/schema/terms/postmetamorph
potential evapotranspiration rate in geographic range: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PETinRange
Monthly PET (Potential Evapotranspiration Rate) within the geographic range of a taxon. Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earth's land surface to atmosphere. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) is a representation of the environmental demand for evapotranspiration and represents the evapotranspiration rate of a short green crop, completely shading the ground, of uniform height and with adequate water status in the soil profile. It is a reflection of the energy available to evaporate water, and of the wind available to transport the water vapour from the ground up into the lower atmosphere.
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Evapotranspiration&oldid=575637212
pothole: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000534
ppb: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UO_0000170
parts per billion
pragian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Pragian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
prairie: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000260
An area of land of low topographic relief that historically supported grasses and herbs, with few trees, and having generally a mesic (moderate or temperate) climate. Dominated by tall grasses (contrast steppe).
praniza: http://eol.org/schema/terms/praniza
a replete, haematophagous larval stage of a Gnathiid isopod
precipitation: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25257
product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapour that falls under gravity.
precipitation in geographic range: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PrecipitationInRange
Monthly precipitation within the geographic range of a taxon.
Kate E. Jones, Jon Bielby, Marcel Cardillo, Susanne A. Fritz, Justin O'Dell, C. David L. Orme, Kamran Safi, Wes Sechrest, Elizabeth H. Boakes, Chris Carbone, Christina Connolly, Michael J. Cutts, Janine K. Foster, Richard Grenyer, Michael Habib, Christopher A. Plaster, Samantha A. Price, Elizabeth A. Rigby, Janna Rist, Amber Teacher, Olaf R. P. Bininda-Emonds, John L. Gittleman, Georgina M. Mace, and Andy Purvis. 2009. PanTHERIA: a species-level database of life history, ecology, and geography of extant and recently extinct mammals. Ecology 90:2648. http://esapubs.org/archive/ecol/E090/184/
precipitation tolerance: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PrecipitationTolerance
Minimum tolerable rainfall (in inches), expressed as the average annual minimum precipitation that occurs 20% of the time (i.e., the probability of it being this dry in any given year is 20%) at the driest climate station within the known geographical range of the plant. geographical range of the plant. For cultivars, the geographical range is defined as the area to which the cultivar is well adapted rather than marginally adapted.
USDA PLANTS database Characteristics Data Fields. http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html
predation: http://wikidata.org/entity/Q170430
predator: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170430
Organism that obtains food by hunting
predatory suspension feeder: http://eol.org/schema/terms/predatory_suspension_feeder
A predator that captures small or microscopic prey primarily by suspension feeding
predator–scavenger: http://eol.org/schema/terms/predatorScavenger
An organism which obtains food primarily by predation +scavenging. Reid WDK, Wigham BD, McGill RAR, Polunin NVC (2012) Elucidating trophic pathways in benthic deep-sea assemblages of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge north and south of the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 463:89-103. doi:10.3354/meps09863
prenatal development duration: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PrenatalDevelopmentDuration
The duration of the development from fertilized, deposited or implanted egg to hatching/birth. Corresponds to egg incubation duration in oviparous animals and to gestation period duration in viviparous animals.
preparations: http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/preparations
A list (concatenated and separated) of preparations and preservation methods for a specimen.
prepupa: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003142
An organism at the prepupal stage. The prepupal stage is a life stage interposed between the larval and the pupal stages in insects that undergo a complete metamorphosis. The start of the pre-pupal stage is marked by pupariation, and the end is marked by pupation.
pressure: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001025
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of force per unit area it exerts.
prey on: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439
An interaction relationship involving a predation process, where the subject kills the target in order to eat it or to feed to siblings, offspring or group members
priabonian age: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Priabonian

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
pridoli epoch: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Pridoli

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
primarily apterous: http://eol.org/schema/terms/primarilyApterous
The absence of wings in organisms that do not have winged ancestors.
primary producer: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1758713
organism in an ecosystem that produces biomass from inorganic compounds
primary record: https://eol.org/schema/terms/primary
One exemplary record, representing the only or the broadest swathe of available values, may be labeled the primary record. For instance, a species found in Peru, Chile and Brazil might have a primary Geographic Distribution record of South America.
procumbent: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002389
Growing horizontal to the ground without setting roots
produces: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003000
This organism produces this material or substance, either during its life or after death. A produces B if some process that occurs in A has output B.
proglacial lake: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000435
A lake formed either by the damming action of a moraine or ice dam during the retreat of a melting glacier, or one formed by meltwater trapped against an ice mass due to isostatic depression of the crust around the ice.
prolate: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001866
a spheroid quality; the subject exhibits a polar diameter longer than its equatorial diameter.
prometabolous: http://eol.org/schema/terms/prometabolous
A distinct form of hemimetabolous development which includes a winged pre-adult life stage.
promiscuous: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECOCORE_00000067
A member of one sex mates with any member of the opposite sex
pronotum width: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0002335
The longest width of the pronotum in dorsal view
http://api.hymao.org/api/ref/97831
propagule: http://eol.org/schema/terms/Propagule
The dispersal unit for sexual regeneration.
BROT trait database. Traits: units and categories (Propagule), http://www.uv.es/jgpausas/brot.htm;
prosome height: http://eol.org/schema/terms/ProsomeHeight
Height (dorso-ventral distance) of the prosome of an arthropod. Prosome: anterior region of body, commonly limited behind by major articulation. Collective term for the combined cephalasome and metasome in copepods
http://crustacea.academic.ru/1397/prosome
prosome length: http://eol.org/schema/terms/ProsomeLength
Length of the prosome of an arthropod. Prosome: anterior region of body, commonly limited behind by major articulation. Collective term for the combined cephalasome and metasome in copepods
http://crustacea.academic.ru/1397/prosome
prosome width: http://eol.org/schema/terms/ProsomeWidth
Width of the prosome of an arthropod. Prosome: anterior region of body, commonly limited behind by major articulation. Collective term for the combined cephalasome and metasome in copepods
http://crustacea.academic.ru/1397/prosome
protected area: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000358
An area of land and/or a body of water especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed through legal or other effective means.
protected by: https://eol.org/schema/terms/protectedBy
protection: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2251595
action or precaution against a threat against an uncertainty or possible unpleasant events
protein composition of milk: http://eol.org/schema/terms/ProteinCompositionOfMilk
protein content: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TO_0000598
The total protein content measured in a body or body part
proteins: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
A biological macromolecule minimally consisting of one polypeptide chain synthesized at the ribosome.
proterozoic eon: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Proterozoic

International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
prototype: http://eol.org/schema/terms/prototype
protozoa feeder: http://eol.org/schema/terms/protozoa_feeder
a consumer that feeds primarily on protozoans
provide nutrients for: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002469
provisioning: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2874419
supplying materials, especially food
psu: http://eol.org/schema/terms/practicalSalinityUnits
Practical Salinity Units. The conductivity ratio of a sea water sample to a standard KCl solution. Used to represent salinity.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salinity#Definitions
psychrophile: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q913343
organism capable of growing and reproducing in the cold
pulp and paper: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7259578
pupa: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003143
A life cycle stage of holometabolous insects in which the organism is a pupa and starts with the larval-pupal apolysis and ends with pupal-adult apolysis
purines: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26401
A class of imidazopyrimidines that consists of purine and its substituted derivatives.
purple: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000951
A color that falls about midway between red and blue in hue.
[database_cross_reference: Dictionary:http://dictionary.reference.com/]
pyramidal: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002336
Pyramid-shaped; having triangular faces that meet at a common point and containing a polygonal shaped base.

Glossary of ALL Terms for Data on EOL

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