Gymnotiformes

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Modified lower jaw dentition of a mature male Sternarchorhynchus (S. yepezi, very similar to S. roseni) during breeding season

Members of the Gymnotidae:. a.Sternarchorhynchus curvirostris (Boulenger; b.Steatogenys elegans (Steindachner)

Gymnotus fasciatus.

Figure 3.Holotype of Brachyhypopomus walteri, INPA 8941 (TL 163 mm, LEA 126 mm), sex undetermined, Paraná do Paracuúba, Amazonas, Brazil. Preserved whole specimen shown above close-up view of specimen immediately post-mortem. Scale bars equal 1 cm.

Dallas Aquarium, Fair Park, Dallas, Texas

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Sternarchorhynchus roseni, female, 377 mm total length, LACM 43252-3; Venezuela, Delta de Amacuro, Río Orinoco

Members of the Gymnotidae:. c.Sternarchus brasiliensis (Reinharde); d.Eigenmannia virescens (Valenciennes)

Gymnotus electricus.

Figure 4.Paratypes of Brachyhypopomus walteri. A Paratype tag no. 93-55 from INPA 8880 (TL 164 mm, LEA 118 mm), sex undetermined, Ilha da Marchantaria, Rio Solimões, Amazonas, Brazil B Paratype tag no. 93-114 from INPA 8939 (TL 155 mm, LEA 125 mm), female, collected with holotype. Preserved whole specimens shown above close-up views of specimens immediately post-mortem. Scale bars equal 1 cm.

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Steatogenys elegans (Steindachner).

Gymnotus Electrieus, or Electrical Eel.

Figure 2.Electric organ discharge (EOD) waveforms of Brachyhypopomus walteri sp. n.and Brachyhypopomus bennetti sp. n. A EOD of holotype specimen of Brachyhypopomus walteri sp. n. B EODs of nine paratypes of Brachyhypopomus walteri sp. n. C EOD of holotype of Brachyhypopomus bennetti sp. n. D EODs of six paratypes of Brachyhypopomus bennetti sp. n. All are five millisecond traces with head positivity recorded upwards; water temperature between 21 and 23°C. Scale bars = 1 millisecond.

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Figure 1.Upper jaw in ventral view of cleared and stained specimen of Brachyhypopomus (Odontohypopomus) walteri sp. n. (ANSP 194025) showing teeth present on the premaxillae. PMX=premaxilla, MX=maxilla, MET=mesethmoid, PAL=ossified element within palatine cartilage (not stained), VET=ventral ethmoid.

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Figure 5.Distribution of examined specimens of Brachyhypopomus walteri sp. n. (blue circles) and Brachyhypopomus bennetti sp. n. (red diamonds). Common holotype locality for both species indicated by yellow star.

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Figure 6.Holotype of Brachyhypopomus bennetti, INPA 39560 (TL 215 mm, LEA 171 mm), female, Paraná do Paracuúba, Amazonas, Brazil. Preserved whole specimen shown above close-up view of specimen immediately post-mortem. Scale bars equals 1 cm.

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