Phytodiniales

Zooxantelas en pólipo de Porites astreoides

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Symbiodinium Life Cycle Date 12 February 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Genetic disparity between clades in the genus Symbiodinium compared to other dinoflagellates. Analysis of conserved mitochondrial sequences (CO1) and rDNA (SSU) suggest that a taxonomic revision of this group is required. Date 16 February 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: The investigation of Symbiodinium diversity, ecology, and evolution is enhanced by analysis of ribosomal and single copy nuclear, plastid, and mitochondrial DNA. The use of multiple markers, along with a hierarchical phylogenetic classification provides the genetic resolution necessary for investigating species diversity, biogeography, dispersal, natural selection, and adaptive radiations. Date 16 February 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Global distribution and preliminary diversity estimate of common Symbiodinium species associated with cnidarians (rare “species” excluded). Internal transcribed spacer region 2 (ITS2) data (sensu LaJeunesse 2002) are used here as a proxy for species diversity. Date 16 February 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Symbiodinium reach high cell densities through prolific mitotic division in the endodermal tissues of many shallow tropical and sub-tropical cnidarians. This is a SEM of a freeze-fractured internal mesentery from a reef coral polyp (Porites porites) that shows the distribution and density of symbiont cells. Date 16 February 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Symbiodinium Date 21 February 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Transmission electron micrograph of cross-section through a dividing cell (the doublet). The light micrograph inset depicts a doublet in culture. Flagella are present from the daughter mastigote cells (white arrowheads) prior to emerging from the mother cell wall. n = nucleus; acc = accumulation body; pyr = pyrenoid. (TEM from Trench et al. 1981) Date 23 May 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: The life stages of dinoflagellates in the genus Symbiodinium. (A) Electron micrographs of a Symbiodinium mastigote (motile cell) with characteristic gymnodinioid morphology (S. natans; Hansen & Daugbjerg 2009) and (B) the coccoid cell in hospite. As free-living cells the mastigote allows for short-range dispersal and can exhibit chemo-taxis toward sources of nitrogen. Once within the host, these symbionts rapidly proliferate in and in many cases dominate the cytoplasm of the host cell. Date 23 May 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Fine scale features and organelles found among Symbiodinium. (A) Close-up of divided cells of a tetrad from a culture of “S. corculorum” that is genetically similar to S. pilosum (both are type A2). This particular lineage is unusual among described Symbiodinium by possessing mucocysts, and chloroplasts with parallel and peripheral thylakoid arrangements. Flagella are seen in cross section in the space between daughter cells. (B) A thick cellulosic cell wall is observed for many cultured isolates. (C) TEM of a cross-section through a chloroplast lobe at the periphery of the cell with parallel and peripheral thylakoids grouped in sets of three. Date 23 May 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: The reticulated chloroplast structures of (A) Symbiodinium goreaui (type C1), (B) “S. fitti” (type A3), and (C) “S. californium” (type E1) imaged in 3-D using confocal microscopy of chlorophyll autofluorescence Date 23 May 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Figure 12. The distributions of Symbiodinium species comprising different ecological guilds in a coral reef ecosystem. A. Host cnidarians can expel millions of symbiont cells (viable and necrotic) per day into the surrounding environment (a). In turn these animals pass large volumes of water through their gastrovascular system for respiration and waste removal, a process that introduces numerous small particles including food and various other Symbiodinium spp. (indicated by differences in cell color) (b). B. The ecological niche, from the viewpoint of functional groups, differs among species of Symbiodinium. Several ecological guilds exist, including abundant host-specific and host-generalist species (1), low background and potentially opportunistic species (2), and non-symbiotic species closely associated with the coral’s biome (3) and/or occupying unrelated habitats (4) Date 23 May 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Light and confocal images of Symbiodinium cells in hospite (living in a host cell) within scyphistomae of the jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana. This animal requires infection by these algae to complete its life cycle. The chloroplast imaged in 3-D is highly reticulated and distributed around the cell’s periphery Date 23 May 2015 Source Own work Author Allisonmlewis

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI English: Photomicrograph of a cluster of Symbiodinium sp., isolated from a reef-building coral (Stylophora pistillata). The squares in the image are part of a haemocytometer, which is used to score the density of dinoflagellates in a sample. Date 1 January 2009 Source Own work Author Timwijgerde

Summary[edit] DescriptionAPI Unbleached and bleached coral. Date Source NOAA, http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/corals/media/supp_coral02d.html Author This file is lacking author information.