Image of Reindeer

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Reindeer

Rangifer tarandus (Linnaeus 1758)

Kyle C. Joly, Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey cc-by-nc

Rangifer tarandus (Reindeer) is a species of Mammal in the family cervids. They are listed as vulnerable by IUCN and as endangered by COSEWIC. They are native to the Palearctic, Finland, Canada, Svalbard And Jan Mayen, Mongolia, Norway, Greenland, Russia, United States, China, and The Nearctic. They are diurnal herbivores. Individuals are known to live for 242.4 months and can grow to 2224.35 mm. They have parental care (female provides care). They rely on running to move around.

URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/vulnerable
Definition: A taxon is Vulnerable when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Vulnerable, and it is therefore considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
Source: http://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/29742

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URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/endangered
Definition: A taxon is Endangered when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the \r\ncriteria A to E for Endangered, and it is therefore considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
Source: https://species-registry.canada.ca/index-en.html#/species

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URI: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q106447
Definition: largest of the eight ecozones constituting the Earth's surface
Attribution: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Palearctic.png

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URI: http://www.geonames.org/660013

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URI: http://www.geonames.org/6251999

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URI: http://www.geonames.org/607072

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URI: http://www.geonames.org/2029969

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URI: http://www.geonames.org/3144096

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URI: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q223

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URI: http://www.geonames.org/2017370

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URI: http://www.geonames.org/6252001

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URI: http://www.geonames.org/1814991

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URI: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q737742
Definition: one of the eight terrestrial ecozones constituting the Earth's land surface
Attribution: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ecozone_Nearctic.svg

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URI: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q59099
Definition: animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material

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URI: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q906470
Definition: animal behavior characterized by activity during the day, with a period of inactivity at night.

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URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/parentalCareFemale
Definition: the female feeds and nurtures offspring
Attribution: Richard M. Sibly, Christopher C. Witt, Natalie A. Wright, Chris Venditti, Walter Jetz, and James H. Brown. 2012. Energetics, lifestyle, and reproduction in birds. PNAS 109(27):10937-10941, doi:10.1073/pnas.1206512109

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URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000055
Definition: The act of locomoting on limbs with body off the ground such that periodically none of the limbs are touching the ground.

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EOL has data for 75 attributes, including:

body shape
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/BodyShape
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bilaterally symmetric
- URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001324
- Definition: being symmetric about a plane running from frontal end to caudal end (head to tail), and having nearly identical right and left halves
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diet breadth
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/DietBreadth
- Definition: Number of dietary categories eaten by an organism.
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3
diet includes
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/Diet
- Definition: Information about the items eaten by this organism.
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leaves
- URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0025034
- Definition: phyllomes not associated with a reproductive structure
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geographic distribution includes
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/Present
- Definition: This organism is known to be present in this location or region. Not exclusive; other regions may also be reported.
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Svalbard
- URI: http://www.geonames.org/7521757
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geographic range (size of area)
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/GeographicRangeArea
- Definition: The total extent of the geographic range of an organism.
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18376464.07 km^2
home range
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/HomeRange
- Definition: Size of the area within which everyday activities of individuals or groups (of any type) are typically restricted.
- Attribution: Kate E. Jones, Jon Bielby, Marcel Cardillo, Susanne A. Fritz, Justin O'Dell, C. David L. Orme, Kamran Safi, Wes Sechrest, Elizabeth H. Boakes, Chris Carbone, Christina Connolly, Michael J. Cutts, Janine K. Foster, Richard Grenyer, Michael Habib, Christopher A. Plaster, Samantha A. Price, Elizabeth A. Rigby, Janna Rist, Amber Teacher, Olaf R. P. Bininda-Emonds, John L. Gittleman, Georgina M. Mace, and Andy Purvis. 2009. PanTHERIA: a species-level database of life history, ecology, and geography of extant and recently extinct mammals. Ecology 90:2648. http://esapubs.org/archive/ecol/E090/184/
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2599.89 km^2
inter-birth interval
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/InterBirthInterval
- Definition: The length of time between successive births of a female.
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365 days
litters per year
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/LittersPerYear
- Definition: Number of litters per female per year
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0.91
mating system
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/MatingSystem
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not monogamous
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/notMonogamous
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native range includes
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/NativeRange
- Definition: Lists jurisdictions in which a given organism is a member of the undisturbed fauna or flora.
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The Nearctic
- URI: https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q737742
- Definition: one of the eight terrestrial ecozones constituting the Earth's land surface
- Attribution: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ecozone_Nearctic.svg
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population group size
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PopulationGroupSize
- Definition: Number of individuals in a group that spends the majority of their time in a 24 hour cycle together
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100000
prenatal development duration
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/PrenatalDevelopmentDuration
- Definition: The duration of the development from fertilized, deposited or implanted egg to hatching/birth. Corresponds to egg incubation duration in oviparous animals and to gestation period duration in viviparous animals.
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228 days

Known occurrences, collected specimens and observations of Reindeer from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility

GBIF provides free and open access to biodiversity data. View this species on GBIF

Kyle C. Joly, Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey cc-by-nc

Reindeer includes 14 children: