Hyloxalus leucophaeus (Duellman 2004)

In this moderate-sized Hyloxalus males attain snout-vent length of 25.2 mm and females 26.1 mm. The discs on the finger and toes are expanded, slightly wider than the penultimate phalanges. Finger I is longer than Finger II, and Finger III is not swollen in males. Llateral fringes present on the fingers and toes. An outer tarsal fold and tarsal tubercle are absent; the inner tarsal fold is curved and distinct on the distal two-thirds of the tarsus. The toes are about one-half webbed. The dorsum is dull grayish brown, and the flanks are pale grayish brown. The limbs, including the digital scutes, are dull brown with dark brown transverse bars. The canthal and supratympanic stripes are brownish black. Dorsolateral and ventrolateral stripes are absent; the short, dull cream oblique lateral stripe is restricted to the groin. A faint, pale gray line extends along the posterior surface of each thigh. The belly is dirty white, and the throat and ventral surfaces of the limbs are tinged with dull yellow; iris dull brown. A median lingual process is absent, and the testes are white (Duellman 2004). A tadpole in Stage 28 has a body length of 15.6 mm and a total length of 37.5 mm. The body is ovoid, slightly wider than high. The snout is bluntly rounded, nearly truncate, in dorsa view and rounded in profile. The moderately small eyes are situated and directed dorsolaterally and not visible from below. The spiracle is sinistral with its short tube attached to the body wall; the spiracular opening is directed posterodorsally well below the midline at about midlength of the body. The cloacal tube is short, dextral, and attached to the ventral fin. The caudal musculature gradually diminishes in height from the body to an acutely rounded terminus. The dorsal fin originates on the anterior margin of the caudal musculature, is highest at about two-thirds of its length, and gradually diminishes to a bluntly rounded tip. The ventral fin originates on the body wall and is highest at about three-fourths of its length. The oral disc is directed anteroventrally. The median two-thirds of the anterior labium is bare; the rest of the labium bears short, blunt marginal papillae in two rows in the lateral folds and in one row elsewhere. The jaw sheaths are moderately robust and serrated; the anterior sheath is in the form of a broad arch, and the posterior sheath is widely V-shaped. The labial tooth row formula is 2(1)/3; all rows are about equal in length. The body and tail are dark gray.

This species is known only from the type locality, Molinapampa, at an elevation of 2400 m in the northern part of the Cordillera Central in Departamento de Amazonas, Peru. Adults and tadpoles were found amid water cress-like plants in a slowly moving marshy stream in a pasture by day.