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Phacus (fake-us) is a genus of autotrophic euglenids. It can be distinguished from Euglena by being flattened or twisted and rigid. The most species of the genus are flat and leaf-shaped often with ridges or fins running helically or longitudinally. The chloroplasts are small, discoid and pyrenoids are usually absent. There is a single red eyespot and one locomotive flagellum. Phacus contains conspicuous paramylon bodies, mostly with one ore two large bodies in the centre of the cell. The genus is common in freshwater ecosystems, in muds and associated with detritus. This specimen was collected in freshwater ponds near Konstanz, Germany. Phacus skujai is a small member of the genus. The cells are slender and ovoid. The large paramylon body (often accompanied by a second smaller body) in the mid-cell and the short spine point to the ventral side are said to be distinctive for the species. 28 µm.
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Portrait of euglena acus (Ehrenberg,1830). Cell body is an elongate cylinder with a sharply pointed posterior end. The flagellum is about one-fourth the body length; Delicate pellicular striations are difficult to see without DI. The small discoid chloroplasts are numerous. Paramylon bodies are rod-shaped. The nucleus iscentral. The stigma is prominen. Moves sluggishly among debris. Collected from the slow-moving organically enriched outflow from a pond near Boise, Idaho. DIC.
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Phacus pleuronectes, euglenoid flagellate with a rigid, leaf-shaped pellicle with fine longitudinal striations and short curved spinous posterior. Many discoid chloroplasts. Usually with one large circular central paramylon body (although two are seen in this individual). Red stigma. From freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho. Brightfield
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Scale bar indicates 10 µm. Sample from the pond Hegne Moor situated in the vicinity of Lake Constance. The image was built up using several photomicrographic frames with manual stacking technique. Images were taken using Zeiss Universal with Olympus C7070 CCD camera.Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA).
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Lepocinclis acus (leap-oh-sink-liss ache-us), is a moderate sized euglenid, with a stiff pellicle. The cell is long and thin, posteriorly pointed, usually stiff but can twist and squirm a little. Flagella can be short. It is not metabolic. With large numbers of small plastids. This image shows (from anterior - left): stigma, thin rod-like elements of paramylon, small chloroplasts, the nucleus, and posterior spine. Differential interference contrast.
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Phacus (fake-us) is a genus of autotrophic euglenids. It can be distinguished from Euglena by being flattened or twisted and rigid. The most species of the genus are flat and leaf-shaped often with ridges or fins running helically or longitudinally. The chloroplasts are small, discoid and pyrenoids are usually absent. There is a single red eyespot and one locomotive flagellum. Phacus contains conspicuous paramylon bodies, mostly with one ore two large bodies in the centre of the cell. The genus is common in freshwater ecosystems, in muds and associated with detritus. This specimen was collected in freshwater ponds near Konstanz, Germany. Phacus skujai is a small member of the genus. The cells are slender and ovoid. The large paramylon body (often accompanied by a second smaller body) in the mid-cell and the short spine point to the ventral side are said to be distinctive for the species. These cells are 'starved', the large paramylon body is considerably reduced and the nucleus is visible. 28 µm.
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Scanning electron micrograph.
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Phacus longicaudus, relatively large euglenoid flagellate with flattened rigid pellicle having longitudinal striations and long spinous posterior. Many pale green discoid chloroplasts. Red stigma. This individual has shed its flagellum. Slow swimmer. From freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho. Brightfield.
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Lepocinclis acus. Cell observed in freshwater habitats in the vicinity of Broome, Western Australia in September 2003. This work was supported by the Australian Biological Resources Study.
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Portrait of Euglena acus (Ehrenberg,1830). Cell body is an elongate cylinder with a sharply pointed posterior end. The flagellum is about one-fourth the body length; Delicate pellicular striations are difficult to see without DIC. The small discoid chloroplasts are numerous. Paramylon bodies are rod-shaped. The nucleus is central. The stigma is prominent. Moves sluggishly among debris. Collected from a freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho. September 2006.DIC
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Phacus longicaudus (Ehrenberg) Dujardin,1841, relatively large euglenoid flagellate with flattened rigid pellicle having longitudinal striations. The posterior end is drawn out into a slender slightly curved spinous process. Many pale green discoid chloroplasts.Annular central paramylon body. Red stigma. This individual has shed its flagellum. Slow swimmer. From freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho; 43°19'07.45"N. 115°27'31.99"W, elev.4712 ft.DIC.
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Scale bar indicates 50 µm. Sample from the pond Hegne Moor situated in the vicinity of Lake Constance. The image was built up using several photomicrographic frames with manual stacking technique. Images were taken using Zeiss Universal with Olympus C7070 CCD camera.Image under Creative Commons License V 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA).
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Surface view of Euglena acus (Ehrenberg,1830). Cell body is an elongate cylinder with a sharply pointed posterior end. The flagellum is about one-fourth the body length; Delicate pellicular striations are visible here. The small discoid chloroplasts are numerous. Paramylon bodies are rod-shaped. The nucleus is central. The stigma is prominent. Moves sluggishly among debris. Collected from a freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho. September 2006.DIC
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Portrait of Phacus longicaudus (Ehrenberg) Dujardin,1841, relatively large euglenoid flagellate with flattened rigid pellicle having longitudinal striations. The posterior end is drawn out into a slender slightly curved spinous process. Many pale green discoid chloroplasts.Annular central paramylon body. Red stigma. This individual has shed its flagellum. Slow swimmer. From freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho;43°19'07.45"N. 115°27'31.99"W, elev.4712 ft.Phase contrast.
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Euglena fusca (you-glean-a fuss-ka), is a worm-like euglena, sometimes slightly twisted, but distinguished by having regaulr array of fine granules on the outside of the cell. It may or may not have an emerging flagellum. Stigma or eyespot is visible, not very metabolic, with quite a large range of sizes. Differential interference contrast.
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Euglena spirogyra (EHRENBERG, 1831), elongate gliding species distinguished by warty surface. This species with numerous paramylon granules, but two of these are very large. From freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho.
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Lepocinclis acus (leap-oh-sink-liss ache-us), is a moderate sized euglenid, with a stiff pellicle. The cell is long and thin, posteriorly pointed, usually stiff but can twist and squirm a little. Flagella can be short. Although it can squirm it is not very actively metabolic. With large numbers of small plastids. This image shows (from anterior - top) the emergent flagellum, stigma, flagellar pocket with inserting flagella, small plastids, thin rod-like elements of paramylon, and the nucleus. Differential interference contrast.
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Euglena spirogyra (EHRENBERG, 1831). Cell observed in freshwater habitats in the vicinity of Broome, Western Australia in September 2003. This image was taken using phase contrast optics. This work was supported by the Australian Biological Resources Study.
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Lepocinclis (leap-o-sink-liss) an autotrophic euglenid. Most members of this genus are fat elliptical cells and have hyaline ridges of material running spirally over the surface of the cell. Usually with many disc-shaped plastids, and (towards the top of the cell) a large hyaline deposit of paramylon storage material shaped in the form of a flattened quoit. With one flagellum emerging from the anterior pole. Differential interference contrast.
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Euglena oxyuris (you-glean-a ox-ee-your-is), is a moderate to large euglena, with a stiff pellicle that has well developed ridges. Flagella can be short. Although it can squirm it is not very actively metabolic. With large numbers of small plastids. This image is of a flattened cell, and it shows from front (left) to back: entrance to flagellar canal, eyespot, light region of the flagellar pocket, link-shaped paramylon grain, smaller paraymyloin grains, plastids and nucleus. The ridges of the pellicle are superimposed. Differential interference contrast.
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Lepocinclis (leap-o-sink-liss) an autotrophic euglenid. Most members of this genus are fat elliptical cells and have hyaline ridges of material running spirally over the surface of the cell. Usually with many disc-shaped plastids, and (towards the top of the cell) a large hyaline deposit of paramylon storage material shaped in the form of a flattened quoit. Differential interference contrast.
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Euglena oxyuris (you-glean-a ox-ee-your-is), is a moderate to large euglena, with a stiff pellicle that has well developed ridges, and often - as we can see here - with a fold in the cell. Flagella can be short. Although it can squirm it is not very actively metabolic. With large numbers of small plastids. This image shows, one large -link-shaped element of paramylon, the pellicular ridges around the edge of the cell to the right, and the nucleus. Differential interference contrast.
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Rigid swimming green euglenid. Normally cells in this species have very obvious pellicular thickenings - but this one does not.
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Euglena oxyuris (you-glean-a ox-ee-your-is), is a moderate to large euglena, with a stiff pellicle that has well developed ridges. Flagella can be short. Although it can squirm it is not very actively metabolic. With large numbers of small plastids. This cell has been stained with DAPI, a dye which binds to DNA and fluoresces blue-white. It reveals the large nucleus - bottom right. Fluorescence.