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The annotated budak: Paedocypris progenetica

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Just when I thought they couldn’t get any smaller, come not one but two little midgets that put strain on both the eyes and the lower reaches of evolutionary possibilities for chordates...

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World's smallest fish - Natural History Museum

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Scientists have discovered a fish living in forest swamps on the Indonesian island of Sumatra that is only 7.9mm long.

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World’s smallest vertebrate: fish versus frog | Natural History Museum

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More and more really tiny species are being discovered, like a 7.9mm fish in 2006 and a 7.7mm frog in 2011. There's increasing competition for the title of the 'world's smallest vertebrate', but exactly how do you determine what is the smallest?

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Diagnostic Description

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Paedocypris progenetica is distinguished from Paedocypris micromegethes by: a smaller maximum size (male 9.8mm, versus 11.6; female 10.3mm, versus 11.4), keratinized pad in front of male pelvic fins as a projecting knob (versus flat to slightly swollen), breeding tubercles on the dentary arranged in a straight row, without forming a cluster (versus forming a cluster of up to five closely set individual tubercles, subdistally on the lateral side of the dentary, supported by a conspicuous lateral bony extension), pelvic fins of female vestigial, or often missing (versus smaller than in male but similarly shaped), presence of pre-anal-fin-fold in female (a character unique among teleosts; versus absent in both sexes), dense small chromatophores in deep layer on abdomen appearing as a continuous patch, tiny black vermiculations on belly from throat to anus, including on male's pre-pelvic keratinized knob (versus large superficial, isolated chromatophores on belly from throat to anus, absent on male's keratinized pad), numerous small, contiguous chromatophores on middorsal line, organized in 3-5 rows, forming a broad stripe (versus few large isolated chromatophores, forming 1-3 irregular rows), pelvic-fin rays plain brown (versus with rows of spots) (Ref. 56152).
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Recorder
Frédéric Busson
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Biology

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One of the smallest fish and vertebrate known, with the smallest mature female measuring a mere 7.9 mm (Ref. 56152).
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Paedocypris progenetica

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Paedocypris progenetica is a species of tiny cyprinid fish endemic to the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Bintan where it is found in peat swamps and blackwater streams.[2] It was discovered by Singaporean ichthyologist Heok Hui Tan. He has written a description of the fish along with another species of the same genus called Paedocypris micromegethes.

It is one of the smallest known fish in the world, together with species such as Schindleria brevipinguis, with females reaching a maximum standard length of 10.3 mm (0.41 in), males 9.8 mm (0.39 in) and the smallest known mature specimen, a female, measuring only 7.9 mm (0.31 in).[3] It held the record for the shortest known vertebrate until the frog Paedophryne amauensis was formally described in January 2012, while the parasitic males of the anglerfish Photocorynus spiniceps are but 6.2 millimetres (0.24 in) long.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Paedocypris progenetica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. ^ a b Kottelat, Maurice; Britz, Ralf; Heok Hui, Tan; Witte, Kai-Erik (2005). "Paedocypris, a new genus of Southeast Asian cyprinid fish with a remarkable sexual dimorphism,comprises the world's smallest vertebrate" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society B. The Royal Society. 273: 895–899. doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3419. PMC 1560243. PMID 16627273. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 July 2009. Retrieved 26 October 2012.
  3. ^ Busson, Frédéric; Froese, Rainer (15 November 2011). "Paedocypris progenetica". FishBase. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
  4. ^ "World's tiniest frogs found in Papua New Guinea". The Australian. 12 January 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2018.
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Paedocypris progenetica: Brief Summary

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Paedocypris progenetica is a species of tiny cyprinid fish endemic to the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Bintan where it is found in peat swamps and blackwater streams. It was discovered by Singaporean ichthyologist Heok Hui Tan. He has written a description of the fish along with another species of the same genus called Paedocypris micromegethes.

It is one of the smallest known fish in the world, together with species such as Schindleria brevipinguis, with females reaching a maximum standard length of 10.3 mm (0.41 in), males 9.8 mm (0.39 in) and the smallest known mature specimen, a female, measuring only 7.9 mm (0.31 in). It held the record for the shortest known vertebrate until the frog Paedophryne amauensis was formally described in January 2012, while the parasitic males of the anglerfish Photocorynus spiniceps are but 6.2 millimetres (0.24 in) long.

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