Description
provided by eFloras
Plants cespitose, short-rhizomatous. Culms 30–80 cm. Leaves 3.9–8.7 mm wide, glabrous. Spikes (1–)2–4(–6), erect; lateral spikes usually pistillate; terminal spike gynecandrous; staminate portion 4–11 × 1–3.5 mm; pistillate portion oblong to elliptic, 10–43 × 10–16 mm. Pistillate scales 2.3–5.5 × 1.2–1.7 mm, apex acute, sharp or blunt, hidden by perigynia. Staminate scales 4.2–5.8 × 1.4–2 mm, apex acute, sharp or blunt. Perigynia appressed-ascending, the proximal not reflexed, 5.5–7.8 × 2–3 mm, smooth; beak 2.3–2.9 mm, often sparingly scabrous. Achenes sides often concave, 2–2.6 × 1.4–1.7 mm, 1.2–1.9 times as long as wide; style deciduous, straight.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
provided by eFloras
Ont., Que.; Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.
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- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Comprehensive Description
provided by North American Flora
Carex typhina Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 169. 1803
Carex squarrosa var. typhina Nutt. Gen. 2: 204. 1818. (Based on C. typhina Michx.) Carex typhinoides Schw. Ann. Lye. N. Y. 1: 66. 1824. (Type from North Carolina.) Carex squarrosa var. typhinoides Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci. 11: 316. 1826. (Based on C. typhinoides
Schw.) "Carex squarrosa L." Boott, 111. Carex 95. pi. 280, 281, in part. 1860.
Cespitose, the rootstock short, thick, stout, blackish, the clumps large, the culms 3-9 dm. high, erect, much exceeded by the upper leaves, aphyllopodic, stoutish, sharply triangular with flat or concave sides, usually very rough on the angles above, brownish at base, the dried-up leaves of the previous year few; sterile shoots very leafy; leaves with well-developed blades 4—9 to a fertile culm, regularly disposed and not clustered at the base, the blades flat with revolute margins, usually 2-4 dm. long, 3.5-10 mm. wide, thin but firm, light-green or yellowish-green, very rough on the margins and towards the apex, the sheaths rather loose, or sometimes tight, brownish-hyaline ventrally, concave at mouth, the ligule much longer than wide; spikes 1-6, mostly 3, slightly tapering to the conical apex, contiguour or somewhat separate, the lower fourth or fifth of the terminal one staminate, the rest pistillate, the uppermost scales usually sterile, the staminate scales lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, mostly obtuse, light-reddish-brown with lighter or greenish 3-nerved center and hyaline margins, the upper reflexed in a rosette against the perigynia; pistillate portion of terminal spike oblong-cylindric, 2-4.5 cm. long, 8-16 mm. wide, the lateral spikes somewhat shorter, ere^t, usually strongly peduncled, the peduncles slender, rough, the spikes very densely flowered, the numerous perigynia in many rows, the beaks mostly appressed-ascending, the bodies squarrose; bracts of lateral spikes leaflike, exceeding the inflorescence, little sheathing; pistillate scales lanceolate, mostly obtusish at maturity, light-brownish-hyaline with conspicuous 3-nerved center, narrower than and about the length of the body of the perigynium; perigynia with broadly obovoid cuneate body, 4-5 mm. long, about 3 mm. wide, inflated and suborbicular in cross-section, subcoriaceous, greenish, straw-colored or brownish at maturity, strongly several-ribbed above, glabrous, round-tapering and short-stipitate at base, truncate-depressed above and very abruptly slenderly conic-beaked, the beak 2.5-3.5 mm. long, very sparingly serrulate, reddish-browntipped, the slender teeth erect, stiff, 0.25 mm. long; achenes obovoid, 2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, loosely enveloped, triangular with concave sides and blunt angles, substipitate, tapering at base, blackish with small superficial cells, minutely granular, contracted into and continuous with the slender, persistent, greenish style straight below or bent at apex; stigmas 3, slender, light-reddish-brown, rather short.
Type locality: "Hab. in regione Illinoensi."
Distribution: Rich alluvial woods, in calcareous districts, western Quebec and western New England, westward to Wisconsin and Iowa, and southward to Georgia and Louisiana. (Specimens examined from Quebec, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana.)
- bibliographic citation
- Kenneth Kent Mackenzie. 1935. (POALES); CYPERACEAE; CARICEAE. North American flora. vol 18(7). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY