Found on sandy and muddy bottoms of coastal waters, estuaries and mangroves, and occasionally in the surf (Ref. 57343). Young aggregate near river mouths (Ref. 57343). Common around islands (Ref. 9710). Nocturnal feeder, taking crustaceans, chaetognaths, plant material, and polychaetes (Ref. 57343). May have a prolonged spawning season (Ref. 57343).