Biology

Found in deep seaward reefs; occasionally entering coastal bays. Feed primarily on fishes such as the bigeye scad, also feeds on invertebrates (Ref. 4233). Small juveniles associate with floating plants or debris in oceanic and offshore waters. Juveniles form small schools or solitary (Ref. 5213). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Utilized fresh and frozen; eaten pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987). Reported to cause ciguatera in some areas (Ref. 26938).