Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Found near the surface in coastal waters (Ref. 30573). Found in small schools. Feeds on fishes (Ref. 5213). Dorsal and anal fins may carry toxins (Ref. 12484). Generally marketed fresh, may be dried or salted (Ref. 5284).
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Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley 1989 Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7300&speccode=10446
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FishBase
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Distribution
Distribution
Comores, Djibouti, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Reunion, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa (country), Tanzania
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
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Anon. (2000). FishBase 2000 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 4 cd-roms pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=6542
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Grove, S.J., M.C. Little & P.J. Reay (1986). Tudor Creek Mombasa: the early life-history stages of fish and prawns 1985. Report of Overseas Development Administration Research Project R3888
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=6037
© WoRMS for SMEBD
Source:
World Register of Marine Species
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Indo-West Pacific: widespread throughout the Indian Ocean from Natal, South Africa northward and from Japan south to Australia and east to Fiji.
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Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1986 Carangidae. p. 638-661. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3197)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3197&speccode=1889
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 7 - 8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 19 - 21; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 18 - 20
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Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1986 Carangidae. p. 638-661. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3197)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3197&speccode=1889
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FishBase
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Size
Max. size
60.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3197)); max. published weight: 510 g (Ref. 40637)
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IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40637&speccode=943
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Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1986 Carangidae. p. 638-661. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3197)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3197&speccode=1889
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FishBase
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Diagnostic Description
Description
Occurs at a temperature range of 26.0-29.0 °C (Ref. 4959). Often travel in small schools. Found near the surface in coastal waters. Feeds on fishes (Ref. 5213). Generally marketed fresh, may be dried or salted (Ref. 5284).
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
© WoRMS for SMEBD
Source:
World Register of Marine Species
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5-7 oval or vertically oblong black blotches, the first 4-5 intersect the lateral line (Ref. 3197).
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Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1986 Carangidae. p. 638-661. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3197)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3197&speccode=1889
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FishBase
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Ecology
Habitat
Depth range based on 34 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 21 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 1 - 64
Temperature range (°C): 24.821 - 28.098
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.137 - 2.763
Salinity (PPS): 34.382 - 35.048
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.378 - 4.593
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.078 - 0.475
Silicate (umol/l): 2.277 - 9.099
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 1 - 64
Temperature range (°C): 24.821 - 28.098
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.137 - 2.763
Salinity (PPS): 34.382 - 35.048
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.378 - 4.593
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.078 - 0.475
Silicate (umol/l): 2.277 - 9.099
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 21 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 1 - 64
Temperature range (°C): 24.821 - 28.098
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.137 - 2.763
Salinity (PPS): 34.382 - 35.048
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.378 - 4.593
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.078 - 0.475
Silicate (umol/l): 2.277 - 9.099
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 1 - 64
Temperature range (°C): 24.821 - 28.098
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.137 - 2.763
Salinity (PPS): 34.382 - 35.048
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.378 - 4.593
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.078 - 0.475
Silicate (umol/l): 2.277 - 9.099
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Environment
reef-associated; brackish; marine; depth range 20 - 50 m (Ref. 28016)
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Al Sakaff, H. and M. Esseen 1999 Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47. (Ref. 28016)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28016&speccode=1255
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FishBase
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Trophic Strategy
Found near the surface in coastal waters (Ref. 30573). Found in small schools. Feeds on fishes (Ref. 5213). Dorsal and anal fins may carry toxins (Ref. 12484).
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Blaber, S.J.M. 1980 Fish of the Trinity Inlet System of North Queensland with notes on the ecology of fish faunas of tropical Indo-Pacific estuaries. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 31:137-46. (Ref. 4959)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4959&speccode=10220
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FishBase
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Genomic DNA is available from 1 specimen with morphological vouchers housed at Queensland Museum
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Barcode data: Scomberoides tol
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
There are 10 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
Download FASTA File
There are 10 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
FOAC486-05|BW-A1485|Scomberoides tol| ------------------------------------------CTCTACCTCGTATTCGGTGCTTGAGCCGGAATAGTAGGAACAGCCCTA---AGCCTACTCATCCGAGCAGAACTAAGCCAACCCGGGGCCCTCCTCGGAGAC---GACCAAATCTATAACGTCATCGTTACAGCCCACGCCTTCGTAATAATCTTCTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGGGGGTTCGGAAACTGACTCATTCCCCTAATA---ATTGGTGCCCCTGACATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAACATAAGCTTCTGACTCCTTCCCCCTTCCTTCCTTCTTCTCCTCGCCTCCTCAGGGGTTGAAGCCGGGGCAGGAACTGGTTGAACGGTCTACCCTCCTCTAGCAGGGAACCTAGCCCATGCAGGAGCATCCGTAGACCTA---ACCATCTTCTCCCTCCACCTGGCCGGAATTTCCTCAATTCTAGGGGCTATTAACTTCATCACAACTATTATTAACATAAAACCCCACGCCGTCTCCATGTACCAAATCCCTCTATTCGTCTGAGCCGTCCTAATTACAGCAGTGCTTCTCCTTCTTTCTTTACCTGTTCTTGCCGCC---GGCATTACAATACTTCTAACTGACCGAAACCTAAACACCGCCTTCTTCGACCCTGCCGGAGGGGGTGACCCCATTCTCTACCAACACCTA-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- end --
-- end --
Download FASTA File
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Scomberoides tol
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 9
Species: 53
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 9
Species: 53
Species With Barcodes: 1
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Conservation
Threats
Not Evaluated
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
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FishBase
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes
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Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4537&speccode=1255
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Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&speccode=2534
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
Source:
FishBase
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