The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• Balon, E., A. Coche. 1974. The Hague:
• Bauer, R. 1968. Untersuchungen zur Entladungstätigkeit und zum Beutfangverhalten des Zwitterwelses Malapterurus electricus Gmelin 1789 (Siluroidea, Malapteruridae, Lacép. 1803). Z. Vergl. Physiol., 59: 371-402.
• Belbenoit, P., P. Moller, J. Serrier, S. Push. 1979. Ethological observations on the electric organ discharge behaviour of the electric catfish, Malapterurus electricus (Pisces). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 4: 321-330.
• Bell-Cross, G. and J.L. Minshull0 The fishes of Zimbabwe. National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. 294 p.
• Bornbusch, A. 1991. Monophyly of the catfish family Siluridae (Teleostei: Siluriformes), with a critique of previous hypotheses of the family's relationships. Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 101: 105-120.
• Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p.
• Brichard, P. 1978. Notes on the nocturnal behavior of some rock inhabiting fish of Lake Tanganyika. Rev. Zoo. Bot. Afr., 92: 187-190.
• Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, no. 1, vol 1-3. 2905
• Gosse, J.-P. 1986 Malapteruridae. p. 102-104. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3850)
• Howes, G. 1985. The phylogenetic relationships of the electric catfish family Malapteruridae (Teleostei: Siluroidei). J. Nat. Hist., 19: 37-67.
• IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
• Ita, E.O. 1984 Kainji (Nigeria). p. 43-103. In J.M. Kapetsky and T. Petr (eds.) Status of African reservoir fisheries. CIFA Tech. Pap. 10:326 p. (Ref. 3799)
• Janetzko, A., H. Zimmermann, W. Volknandt. 1987. The electromotor system of the electric catfish (Malapterurus electricus): a fine structural analysis. Cell Tissue Res., 247: 613-624.
• Johnels, A. 1957.
• Keynes, R. 1957. Electric organs. Pp. 323-343 in M Brown, ed. New York:
• Lissmann, H. 1958. On the function and evolution of electric organs in fish. J. Exp. Biol., 35: 156-191.
• Nigrelli, R.F. 1959 Longevity of fishes in captivity, with special reference to those kept in the New York Aquarium. p. 212-230. In G.E.W. Wolstehnolmen and M. O'Connor (eds.) Ciba Foundation Colloquium on Ageing: the life span of animals. Vol. 5., Churchill, London. (Ref. 273)
• Norris, S.M. 2002 A revision of the African electric catfishes, family Malapteruridae (Teleostei, Siluriformes), with erection of a new genus and descriptions of fourteen new species, and an annotated bibliography. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 289:155 p. (Ref. 44050)
• Olatunde, A. 1984. Length-weight relationships and the diets of Malapterurus electricus (Gmelin) in Zaria. Rev. Zool. Afr., 98: 261-274.
• Onusiriuka, B.C. 2000 Incidence of helminth parasites on the electric fish, Malapterurus electricus, in River Kaduna, Nigeria. J. Aquat. Sci. 16(2):144-146. (Ref. 47174)
• Poll, M., P. Gosse. 1969. Revision des Malapteruridae (Pisces, Siluriformes) et description d'une deuxième espèce de silure électrique: Malapterurus microstoma sp. n. Bull. Inst. r. Sci. nat. Belg., 45: 1-12.
• Rankin, C., P. Moller. 1986. Social behavior of the African electric catfish, Malapterurus electricus, during intra- and interspecific encounters. Ethology, 73: 177-190.
• Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)
• Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch 1991 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur- und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 1672)
• Roberts, T.R. 2000 A review of the African electric catfish family Malapteruridae, with descriptions of new species. Occas. Pap. Ichthyol. 1:1-15. (Ref. 34006)
• Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p.
• Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1991. World Fishes Important to North Americans Exclusive of Species from the Continental Waters of the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 21. 243
• Sagua, V. 1979. Observations on the food and feding habits of the African electric catfish Malapterurus electricus (Gmelin). J. Fish Biol., 15: 61-69.
• Sagua, V. 1987. On a new species of electric catfish from Kainji, Nigeria, with some observations on its biology. J. Fish Biol., 30: 75-89.
• Shiino, Sueo M. 1976. List of Common Names of Fishes of the World, Those Prevailing among English-speaking Nations. Science Report of Shima Marineland, no. 4. 262
• Shuker, KPN. 2001. The Hidden Powers of Animals: Uncovering the Secrets of Nature. London: Marshall Editions Ltd. 240 p.
• Skelton, P.H. 1993 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. (Ref. 7248)
• Sorensen, W. 1894. Are the extrinsic muscles of the air blader in some Siluroidea and the 'elastic spring apparatus' of others subordinate to the voluntary production of sound?. J. Anat. Physiol., 29: 205-229.
• Vivien, J.0 Faune du Cameroun. Guide des mammifères et des poissons. GICAM et Ministère de la Coopération et du Développement. 271 p.
• Volknandt, W., H. Zimmermann. 1986. Acetylcholine, ATP and proteoglycan are common constituents of synaptic vesicles isolated from electric organs of electric eel and electric catfish as well as from a rat diaphragm. J. Neurochem., 47: 1449-1462.
• Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.