The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada
• BirdLife International 2008. Strix occidentalis
• Burton, John A. 1973. Owls of the World. E.P. Dutton & Co, Inc., N.Y.
• FEIS by the USDA Forest Service (Online source)
• Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright. 2006. Birds of the World: Recommended English Names. ix + 259
• Longevity Records: Life Spans of Mammals, Birds, Amphibians, Reptiles, and Fish (Online source)
• Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 16, 2011 at http://animaldiversity.org. http://www.animaldiversity.org
• The Birds of North America Online (Online source)
• Thomas, J.W. 1990. A Conservation Strategy for the Northern Spotted Owl. U.S. Government Printing Office, Portland.
• Voous, Karen H. 1989. Owls of the Northern Hemisphere. The MIT Press, Cambridge.
• Walker, L.W. 1993. The Book Of Owls. University of Texas Press, Austin.