The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner. 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79
• BirdLife International 2009. Surnia ulula
• Duncan, J., P. Duncan. 1998. Northern Hawk Owl. Pp. 1-20 in F Gill, A Poole, eds. The Birds of North America, No. 256. Washington, D.C.: Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA , and American Ornithologists Union.
• EURING list of longevity records for European birds (Online source)
• Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright. 2006. Birds of the World: Recommended English Names. ix + 259
• Lockshaw, D. 2001. "Owling,Com: Northern Hawk Owl Biology" (On-line). Accessed March 13, 2002 at http://owling.com/N-Hawk_nh.htm.
• Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 16, 2011 at http://animaldiversity.org. http://www.animaldiversity.org
• Nero, R. 1995. Notes on a Wintering Northern Hawk Owl in Manitoba. Blue Jay, 53: 205-215.
• The Birds of North America Online (Online source)
• Voous, K. 1988. Owls of the Northern Hemisphere. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
• de la Torre, J. 1990. Owls: Their Life and Behavior. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc..