Caprimulgus noctitherus probably formerly occupied large areas of Puerto Rico (to USA), but its current distribution was recently thought to be restricted to the south-west, notably Susúa-Maricao, Guayanilla-Peñuelas and Guánica-Bermeja. However, recent survey work confirms that its range extends from Ponce through south-central Puerto Rico to Guayama province in the south-east⁸. There are further recent records from the Parguera Hills and Sierra Bermeja (c.10 km west of Parguera)². Studies in 1985-1987, 1989-1990 and 1992 found 712 singing males in 98 km² of fragmented habitat, with 347 in the Guánica area, 177 in the Susúa-Maricao area and 188 in the Guayanilla area². The population was consequently estimated at 1,400-2,000 individuals, which is similar to the 1984 population estimate of 670-800 pairs².