Ecology
Associations
Known predators
Anguilliformes (eel) is prey of:
Pandion haliaetus
Anatidae
Phalacrocoracidae
Based on studies in:
USA: New York, Long Island (Marine)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
Pandion haliaetus
Anatidae
Phalacrocoracidae
Based on studies in:
USA: New York, Long Island (Marine)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
- G. M. Woodwell, Toxic substances and ecological cycles, Sci. Am. 216(3):24-31, from pp. 26-27 (March 1967).
© SPIRE project
Source:
SPIRE
Trusted
Known prey organisms
Anguilliformes (eel) preys on:
detritus
Plantae
Ruppia
Decapoda
Fundulus heteroclitus
Actinopterygii
roach
Based on studies in:
USA: New York, Long Island (Marine)
USA: Rhode Island (Marine)
England, River Cam (River)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
detritus
Plantae
Ruppia
Decapoda
Fundulus heteroclitus
Actinopterygii
roach
Based on studies in:
USA: New York, Long Island (Marine)
USA: Rhode Island (Marine)
England, River Cam (River)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
- G. M. Woodwell, Toxic substances and ecological cycles, Sci. Am. 216(3):24-31, from pp. 26-27 (March 1967).
- S. W. Nixon and C. A. Oviatt, Ecology of a New England salt marsh, Ecol. Monogr. 43:463-498, from p. 491 (1973).
- P. H. T. Hartley, Food and feeding relationships in a community of fresh-water fishes, J. Anim. Ecol. 17(1):1-14, from p. 12 (1948).
© SPIRE project
Source:
SPIRE
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Evolution and Systematics
Functional Adaptations
Functional adaptation
Energy-efficient long distance swimming: eel
"The most primitive and ancient method of locomotion among water dwellers was probably the lateral wriggle, whereby a wave travels from head to tail and increases in amplitude. Many primitive invertebrate swimmers use this kind of locomotion. In many aquatic animals (lampreys, eels), wriggling is aided by vertical stabilizer fins that extend the sides of the body and thus facilitate power transmission to the water. Cat sharks, some true sharks, lungfish, and sturgeon also swim with this lateral slithering motion. How efficient and energy-saving this method of locomotion is can best be seen by taking a look at the eels, which cover thousands of kilometers on their wanderings through the oceans. Slow-motion pictures of their movements disclose the principles of physics on which they are based. The essential prerequisite for getting ahead by wriggling through the water is for the body wave to travel rearward faster than the fish travels forward. The wriggling animal thereby exerts pressure on the water along the wave loops moving backward. While the laterally directed components cancel each other out over the entire fish, the forward- and backward-directed components add up to the propelling force." (Tributsch 1984:52)
Learn more about this functional adaptation.
Eels and lampreys swim long distances but conserve energy by using a lateral wriggle.
"The most primitive and ancient method of locomotion among water dwellers was probably the lateral wriggle, whereby a wave travels from head to tail and increases in amplitude. Many primitive invertebrate swimmers use this kind of locomotion. In many aquatic animals (lampreys, eels), wriggling is aided by vertical stabilizer fins that extend the sides of the body and thus facilitate power transmission to the water. Cat sharks, some true sharks, lungfish, and sturgeon also swim with this lateral slithering motion. How efficient and energy-saving this method of locomotion is can best be seen by taking a look at the eels, which cover thousands of kilometers on their wanderings through the oceans. Slow-motion pictures of their movements disclose the principles of physics on which they are based. The essential prerequisite for getting ahead by wriggling through the water is for the body wave to travel rearward faster than the fish travels forward. The wriggling animal thereby exerts pressure on the water along the wave loops moving backward. While the laterally directed components cancel each other out over the entire fish, the forward- and backward-directed components add up to the propelling force." (Tributsch 1984:52)
Learn more about this functional adaptation.
- Tributsch, H. 1984. How life learned to live. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. 218 p.
© The Biomimicry Institute
Source:
AskNature
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Statistics of barcoding coverage
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
| Specimen Records: | 3,128 | Public Records: | 1,808 |
| Specimens with Sequences: | 2,710 | Public Species: | 172 |
| Specimens with Barcodes: | 2,445 | Public BINs: | 345 |
| Species: | 396 | ||
| Species With Barcodes: | 362 | ||
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Barcode data
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Locations of barcode samples
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