The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner. 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79
• Boertmann, D. 1990. Phylogeny of the divers, family Gaviidae (Aves). Steenstrupia 16:21-36.
• Carboneras, C. 1992. Family Gaviidae (Divers). In: del Hoyo J., Elliott A., Sargatal J. (eds) Handbook of the birds of the world, vol 1Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp 162–172.
• Cracraft, J. 1982. Phylogenetic relationships and monophyly of loons, grebes, and hesperornithiform birds, with comments on the early history of birds. Syst. Zool. 31:35-56.
• Dickinson, Edward C., ed. 2003. The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World, 3rd edition. 1039
• Gill, F. and M. Wright. 2006. Birds of the World: Recommended English Names. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
• Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright. 2006. Birds of the World: Recommended English Names. ix + 259
• Johnsgard, P. A. 1987. Diving Birds of North America. Nebraska Univ. Press, Omaha, Nebraska.
• Mayr, G. 2004. A partial skeleton of a new fossil loon (Aves, Gaviiformes) from the early Oligocene of Germany with preserved stomach content. Journal of Ornithology 145(4):281-286.
• McKitrick, M. C. 1991. Forelimb myology of loons (Gaviiformes), with comments on the relationship of loons and tubenoses (Procellariiformes). Zool. J. Linnean Soc. 102:115-152.
• Roselaar, C. S., T. G. Tineke, M. Aliabadian, and V. Nijman. 2006. Hybrids in divers (Gaviiformes). Journal of Ornithology 147(1):24-30.