The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• Hilty, J. Editor. 2010. Insect Visitors of Illinois Wildflowers. World Wide Web electronic publication. flowervisitors.info, version (09/2010).
  See: Abbreviations for Insect Activities, Abbreviations for Scientific Observers, References for behavioral observations
• Holotype:
• Mengual, X., Ståhls G., & Rojo S. (2008). First phylogeny of predatory Flower flies (Diptera, Syrphidae, Syrphinae) using mitochondrial COI and nuclear 28S rRNA genes: conflict and congruence with the current tribal classification. Cladistics. 24, 543-562.
• Vockeroth, J. R. (1969). A revision of the genera of the Syrphini (Diptera: Syrphidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada. 62, 1-176.
• Vockeroth, J. R. (1992). The flower flies of the subfamily Syrphinae of Canada, Alaska and Greenland. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada. 18, 456. Ottawa: Canada Communications Group - Publishing.
• Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1830). Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Als Fortsetzung des Meigenschen Werkes. xii + 684 pp., 5 pls..