Overview

Distribution

Erythrina variegata L.:
Australia (Oceania)
Burma (Asia)
Bangladesh (Asia)
Cambodia (Asia)
Indonesia (Asia)
India (Asia)
Laos (Asia)
Philippines (Asia)
Papua New Guinea (Asia)
Malaysia (Asia)
New Zealand (Oceania)
Madagascar (Africa & Madagascar)
Belize (Mesoamerica)
Sri Lanka (Asia)
Thailand (Asia)
Taiwan (Asia)
Vietnam (Asia)
Caribbean (Caribbean)
China (Asia)
El Salvador (Mesoamerica)
Brazil (South America)
Venezuela (South America)
Japan (Asia)
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Erythrina indica Lam.:
Honduras (Mesoamerica)
Madagascar (Africa & Madagascar)
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National Distribution

United States

Origin: Exotic

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

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Physical Description

Morphology

Physical Description

Perennial, Trees, Woody throughout, Nodules present, Stems erect or ascending, Stems greater than 2 m tall, Stems solid, Stems or young twigs sparsely to densely hairy, Leaves absent at flowering time, Leaves alternate, Leaves petiolate, Stipules conspicuous, Stipules green, triangulate to lanceolate or foliaceous, Stipules deciduous, Stipules free, Leaves compound, Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate, Leaves odd pinnate, Leaf or leaflet margins entire, Leaflets opposite, Stipels present at base of leaflets, Leaflets 3, Leaves glabrous or nearly so, Inflorescences racemes, Inflorescence axillary, Inflorescence terminal, Bracts very small, absent or ca ducous, Bracteoles present, Flowers zygomorphic, Calyx 2-lipped or 2-lobed, Calyx glabrous, Petals separate, Corolla papilionaceous, Petals clawed, Petals red, Banner petal ovoid or obovate, Wing petals narrow, oblanceolate to oblong, Wing tips obtuse or rounded, Keel petals fused on sides or at tip, Stamens 9-10, Stamens diadelphous, 9 united, 1 free, Filaments glabrous, Style terete, Fruit a legume, Fruit stipitate, Fruit unilocular, Fruit tardily or weakly dehiscent, Fruit elongate, straight, Fruit oblong or ellipsoidal, Fruit coriaceous or becoming woody, Fruit exserted from calyx, Fruit beaked, Fruit glabrous or glabrate, Seeds ovoid to rounded in outline, Seed surface smooth, Seeds olive, brown, or black.
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Dr. David Bogler

Source: USDA NRCS PLANTS Database

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Conservation

Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable

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NatureServe Conservation Status

Rounded Global Status Rank: GNR - Not Yet Ranked

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Wikipedia

Erythrina variegata

Erythrina variegata (syn. E. indica Lam., E. variegata var. orientalis (L.) Merr.; Tiger's Claw, Indian Coral Tree and Sunshine Tree; Pāli: pāricchattaka; Sanskrit: pārijāta, पारिजात) is a species of Erythrina native to the tropical and subtropical regions of eastern Africa, the Indian Subcontinent, northern Australia, and the islands of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean east to Fiji.[1]

It is known as the Roluos Tree in Cambodia, deigo on Okinawa, drala on Fiji, madar in Bangladesh, Modar in Assam, man da ra ba in Tibet, as thong lang in Thailand and as vông nem in Vietnam.

It is a thorny deciduous tree growing to 27 m (89 ft) tall. The leaves are pinnate with a 20 cm petiole and three leaflets, each leaflet up to 20 cm long and broad. It has dense clusters of scarlet or crimson flowers and black seeds.[2]

It is valued as an ornamental tree. Several cultivars have been selected, including 'Alba' with white flowers.[2]

It was designated the official flower of Okinawa Prefecture in 1967. The deigo flower features in the popular song "Shima Uta" by The Boom, one of the most well-known songs associated with Okinawa. In addition, the use of the wood of the deigo tree is one of the unique characteristics of Ryukyuan lacquerware.

In Vietnam, the leaves are used to wrap fermented meat (Vietnamese: nem).

The Tamils call it as "mullu murukkan" (Tamil: முள்ளுமுருக்கன்). In Siddha medicine it is used especially for menstrual disorders and fissures at penis tip (Tamil: ஆண்குறிப்புண்).

References

  1. ^ Germplasm Resources Information Network: Erythrina variegata
  2. ^ a b Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
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Erythrina orientalis

Erythrina orientalis is a plant species in the genus Erythrina.

The pterocarpan orientanol A can be isolated from the wood of E. orientalis.[1] The pterocarpans orientanol B and C, folitenol and erythrabyssin II, the pterocarpene erycristagallin and the prenylated isoflavone bidwillol A can be isolated from the roots.[2]

References

  1. ^ A pterocarpan from Erythrina orientalis. Hitoshi Tanaka, Toshihiro Tanaka and Hideo Etoh, Phytochemistry, Volume 45, Issue 1, May 1997, Pages 205-207, doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00841-2
  2. ^ Two pterocarpans from Erythrina orientalis. Hitoshi Tanaka, Toshihiro Tanaka and Hideo Etoh, Phytochemistry, Volume 47, Issue 3, February 1998, pp. 475-477, doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00596-7
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