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Overview
Comprehensive Description
Description
Evergreen shrub or tree up to 30 m tall. Leaf-lamina suborbicular to lanceolate-elliptic, apex emarginate to acuminate, glabrous except for a few appressed hairs on both surfaces; petiole 0.2–0.4 cm long; stipules intrapetiolar, 0.3 cm long, boat-shaped, 2-fid, caducous. Inflorescence axillary, up to 3 cm long, but usually much less, a raceme of cymules, or a congested complex cyme, or flowers in subsessile fascicles. Receptacle-tube c. 0.15 cm long. Sepals c. 0.15 cm long. Petals c. 0.25 cm long. Stamens c. 0.3 cm long. Drupe variable in shape and size, ovoid, ellipsoid or obovoid, up to 5 cm long, usually smaller.
© Kenfack, David
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Distribution
Distribution
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Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.
http://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=sourcedetails&id=145245
© WoRMS for SMEBD
Source:
World Register of Marine Species
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Belize (Mesoamerica)
Brazil (South America)
Colombia (South America)
Costa Rica (Mesoamerica)
Ecuador (South America)
El Salvador (Mesoamerica)
French Guiana (South America)
Gabon (Africa & Madagascar)
Guatemala (Mesoamerica)
Guyana (South America)
Honduras (Mesoamerica)
Mexico (Mesoamerica)
Nicaragua (Mesoamerica)
Panama (Mesoamerica)
Suriname (South America)
United States (North America)
Venezuela (South America)
Caribbean (Caribbean)
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Forzza, R. C. & et al. 2010. 2010 Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil. http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/100002289
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Cowan, C. P. 1983. Flora de Tabasco. Listados Floríst. México 1: 1–123.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/511
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Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1103
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Steyermark, J. 1995. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana Project.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/158
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Molina Rosito, A. 1975. Enumeración de las plantas de Honduras. Ceiba 19(1): 1–118.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/866
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Linares, J. L. 2003 [2005]. Listado comentado de los árboles nativos y cultivados en la república de El Salvador. Ceiba 44(2): 105–268.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1029566
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Funk, V. A., P. E. Berry, S. Alexander, T. H. Hollowell & C. L. Kelloff. 2007. Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55: 1–584.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1033072
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Nelson, C. 1978. Contribuciones a la Flora de la Mosquitia, Honduras. Ceiba 22(1): 41–64.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/5269
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ORSTOM. 1988. List Vasc. Pl. Gabon Herbier National du Gabon, Yaounde.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1671
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Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. 1946. Rosaceae. In Standley, P.C. & J.A. Steyermark (ds.), Flora of Guatemala - Part IV. Fieldiana, Bot. 24(4): 432–484.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/6435
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Trusty, J. L., H. C. Kesler & G. H. Delgado. 2006. Vascular Flora of Isla del Coco, Costa Rica. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 57(7): 247–355.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1029752
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Prance, G. T. 1989. Chrysobalanaceae. Fl. Neotrop. 9S: 1–267.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/26622
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Prance, G. T. 1979. 80. Chrysobalanaceae. 10: 1–24. In G. W. Harling & B. B. Sparre (eds.) Fl. Ecuador. University of Göteborg and Swedish Museum of Natural history, Göteborg and Stockholm.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/38121
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Prance, G. T. 2001. Chrysobalanaceae. In: W.D. Stevens, C. Ulloa Ulloa, A. Pool & O.M. Montiel (eds.). Fl. Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85: 606–614.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1018640
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D'Arcy, W. G. 1987. Flora of Panama. Checklist and Index. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 17(1): i–xxx,.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1289
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Long, R. W. & O. K. Lakela. 1971. Fl. Trop. Florida i–xvii, 1–962. University of Miami Press, Coral Cables.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1506
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Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. N. S. Stapf. 2004. Cat. Pl. Vasc. Panamá 1–599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1031911
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Hokche, O., P. E. Berry & O. Huber. 2008. Nuev. Cat. Fl. Vas. Venezuela 1–860. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1033110
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Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez. (eds.) 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: i–viii, 1–1181.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/42250
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Breedlove, D. E. 1986. Flora de Chiapas. Listados Floríst. México 4: i–v, 1–246.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/513
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Sousa Sánchez, M. & E. F. Cabrera Cano. 1983. Flora de Quintana Roo. Listados Floríst. México 2: 1–100.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/512
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Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1515
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Martínez Salas, E. M., M. Sousa Sánchez & C. H. Ramos Álvarez. 2001. Región de Calakmul, Campeche. Listados Floríst. México 22: 1–55.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1018508
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Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1981. Aquatic Wetland Pl. S.E. U.S. Dicot. 933 pp. Univ. Georgia Press, Athens.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1711
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Pérez, A., M. Sousa Sánchez, A. M. Hanan-Alipi, F. Chiang Cabrera & P. Tenorio L. 2005. Vegetación terrestre. 65–110. In Biodivers. Tabasco. CONABIO-UNAM, México.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1030034
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Novelo, A. & L. Ramos. 2005. Vegetación acuática. Cap. 5: 111–144. In Biodivers. Tabasco. CONABIO-UNAM, México.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1030036
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Balick, M. J., M. Nee & D. E. Atha. 2000. Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 85: i–ix, 1–246.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1014725
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Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. (eds.) 2015. Erythroxylaceae a Icacinaceae. Fl. Mesoamer. 3(2): ined.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/100002827
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1515
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Long, R. W. & O. K. Lakela. 1971. Fl. Trop. Florida i–xvii, 1–962. University of Miami Press, Coral Cables.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1506
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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National Distribution
United States
Origin: Native
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Present
Confidence: Confident
Type of Residency: Year-round
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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Global Distribution
Widespread in tropical Africa
© Kenfack, David
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Ecology
Habitat
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0.5 - 0.5
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Statistics of barcoding coverage: Chrysobalanus icaco
Public Records: 2
Species: 2
Species With Barcodes: 1
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Conservation
Conservation Status
National NatureServe Conservation Status
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: N3 - Vulnerable
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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NatureServe Conservation Status
Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure
Reasons: Widely distributed, mainly in coastal areas, from Mexico through Central America on both coasts, Florida, throughout the West Indies and Bahamas, around the northern and eastern coast of South America from Colombia to southern Brazil, in the coastal regions of West Africa from Guinea to Angola, and naturalized in the Seychelles and Fiji.
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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Conservation Status
Common
© Kenfack, David
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Economic Uses
Comments: The fruit is edible and in Colombia and Venezuela it is cooked, bottled in syrup and sold commercially.
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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Wikipedia
Chrysobalanus icaco
Chrysobalanus icaco, the cocoplum, Paradise Plum and icaco , is found near sea beaches and inland throughout the tropical Americas and the Caribbean, including Cuba, southern Florida, and the Bahamas. The inland subspecies is Chrysobalanus icaco pellocarpus.
Contents |
Description
Chrysobalanus icaco is a shrub 1–3 metres (3.3–9.8 ft), or bushy tree 2–6 metres (6.6–20 ft) , rarely to 10 metres (33 ft). It has evergreen broad-oval to nearly round somewhat leathery leaves (3 to 10 cm long and 2.5 to 7 cm wide). Leaf colors range from green to light red. The bark is greyish or reddish brown, with white specks.
The flowers are small, white, in clusters, appearing in late spring. In late summer it bears fruit in clusters, that of the coastal form being round, up to 5 cm in diameter, pale-yellow with rose blush or dark-purple in color, while that of the inland form is oval, up to 2.5 cm long, and dark-purple.
The coastal form is highly tolerant of salt, so it is often planted to stabilize beach edges and prevent erosion.
Chrysobalanus icaco is also planted as an ornamental shrub. The tree is unable to survive a hard frost. The fruit is edible and is used for jam. The common name for this fruit in Trinidad & Tobago and Guyana is "fat pork".
See also
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Chrysobalanus icaco |
References
Bush, Charles S. and Morton, Julia F. (1969) Native Trees and Plants for Florida Landscaping (pp.64-65). Bulletin No. 193. Department of Agriculture - State of Florida.
Source:
Wikipedia
Unreviewed
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