Luzula campestris — Details

Field Woodrush learn more about names for this taxon

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Overview

Distribution

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Luzula campestris (L.) DC.:
Argentina (South America)
Brazil (South America)
Canada (North America)
Costa Rica (Mesoamerica)
United States (North America)
Gabon (Africa & Madagascar)
China (Asia)
India (Asia)
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National Distribution

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Canada

Origin: Exotic

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Present

Confidence: Confident

United States

Origin: Exotic

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

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Distribution

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Distribution: Europe, N.Africa, Asia, N.America and New Zealand
  • Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
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Physical Description

Morphology

Description

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Stoloniferous loosely tufted perennial, 15-30 (-60) cm tall, with basal and cauline leaves up to 30 cm long and 6 mm broad. Flowers 3-12 in each cluster, 3-4 mm long, brown; perianth segments lanceolate, subequal, outer finely pointed and exceeding the capsule. Anthers 2-6 times as long as the filaments. Capsules 2.5-3 mm long, obovoid, obtuse, apiculate; seed nearly globose with a basal, whitish appendage.
  • Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
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Comments

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I have not seen any authentic specimen of this species from our area.

R.R.Stewart (l.c.) also doubtfully records Luzula pallescens Bess., (=Luzula campestris var. pallescens Whlb.) with reference to Rao, from Kashmir; this is a light-green tufted plant, without stolons, and linear leaves 1.5-3 mm broad; inflorescence umbells, paniculate with few to many floral glomerules, each bearing 6-12 flowers, c. 2 mm long; anthers c. as long as the filaments.

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Description

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Plants laxly tufted, 9--28(--40) cm tall. Stolons short. Stems terete, 0.8--1.5 mm in diam. Basal leaf blade 3--8 cm × 2--4 mm, margin sparsely ciliate, apex obtuse and with a thick callus. Cauline leaves 1 or 2; leaf blade pilose near juncture with leaf sheath. Inflorescence a cyme, with 3--7 heads; basal bract 1.5--2.5 cm; heads globose to hemispheric, 5--10(--12)-flowered; peduncles unequal. Pedicels very short, with 2 bracts at base; bracteoles broadly ovate, ca. 2 × 1.4 mm. Perianth segments reddish brown to chestnut brown, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 3--4 × 1--1.5 mm, subequal. Filaments 0.4--0.5 mm; anthers 1.8--2.2 mm. Style ca. 1.1 mm, longer than ovary; stigmas ca. 2 mm. Capsule chestnut brown, trigonous globose to trigonous obovoid, 2.5--3 mm. Seeds oblong, 1.1--1.3 mm; appendage basal, 0.4--0.6 mm. Fl. May--Jun, fr. Jun--Jul. 2 n = 12.
  • Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Comments

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Luzula campestris may occur rarely elsewhere in Canada and the United States in lawns and cleared places (collected in Massachusetts in the 1920s). A common European species, the name is used in our floras for almost every species of the "multiflora--campestris" complex.
  • Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Description

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Rhizomes conspicuous. Stolons short, slender. Culms not cespitose, decumbent, 10--20 cm. Leaves: basal leaves few, 2.5--15 cm x 4 mm, apex callous, pilose. Inflorescences racemose; glomerules 2--6, central glomerules sessile or all congested, not cylindric; peduncles straight, divergent as much as 90°, to 3 cm; proximal inflorescence bract dark, often purplish, leaflike. Flowers: tepals dark reddish, shining, with wide clear margins and apex, (apex acuminate, midrib extending as awned tip), 3--3.5 mm; outer and inner whorls equal; anthers ca. 2--6 times filament length; stigmas ± equal to style. Capsules brown, shining, (usually lighter than tepals), conspicuously shorter than to nearly equal to tepals; (beak obvious). Seeds reddish, globose, 1--1.3 mm; caruncle to 1/2 seed length. 2n = 12.
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Diagnostic Description

Synonym

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Juncus campestris Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 329. 1753; J. subpilosus Gilibert; Luzula subpilosa (Gilibert) V. I. Kreczetowicz.
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Synonym

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Juncus campestris Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. I1: 329. 1753
  • Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat & Distribution

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Forested slopes. Yunnan [India, Kashmir; SW Asia, Europe, North America].
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Habitat & Distribution

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Flowering and fruiting summer. Sunny clearingsHabitat??; 500--900 melevation??; introduced; Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.).
  • Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Associations

Associations

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In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / parasite
sorus of Bauerago vuyckii parasitises live ovary of Luzula campestris

Foodplant / parasite
telium of Puccinia obscura parasitises live Luzula campestris

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Luzula campestris

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 5
Species: 7
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Conservation

Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

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Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable

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NatureServe Conservation Status

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Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure

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Wikipedia

Luzula campestris

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Luzula campestris is a rush commonly known as Field Wood-rush, Good Friday Grass or Sweep's Brush.

It is a very common plant throughout temperate Europe and Asia. It is found on all types of grassland including lawns, golf-courses and fields.

Luzula campestris is relatively short, between 5 cm and 15 cm tall. It spreads via short stolons and also via seed produced in one stemless cluster of flowers together with three to six stemmed clusters of flowers. It flowers between March and June in the northern temperate zone (September to December in the southern hemisphere) and can be a persistent weed of decorative grassland. The chromosome number is 12, 24 or 36.

Luzula campestris

The closely related Luzula multiflora, native in much of North America, is treated as a variety of Luzula campestris by many botanists, though the Flora of North America treats it as distinct. Other very similar species occur in Malaysia and New Zealand.

See also

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Names and Taxonomy

Taxonomy

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Comments: Treatment here is from Kartesz (1994); in his 1999 Floristic Synthesis he treats this as a number of separate species. LEM 30Jul02.

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