The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• 1. National Biodiversity Network Species Dictionary (November, 2002) http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nbn/
• 2. Jackson, A. (1999) Ophiothrix fragilis. Common brittle star. Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme [on-line]. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. (November, 2002) http://www.marlin.ac.uk/species/Ophiothrixfragilis.htm
• 3. Fish, J.D. and Fish, S. (1996) A student's guide to the seashore. Second Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• 4. Ulster Museum: Marine Life. (November, 2002) http://www.ulstermuseum.org.uk/marinelife/echinode/ophfra.htm
• Allain, J-Y. (1974). Écologie des bancs d'Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) dans le Golfe Normanno-Breton. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 15, 235-273.
• Aloui-Bejaoui, N., Afli, A. 2012. Functional diversity of the macro-invertebrate community in the port area of Kerkennah Islands (Tunisia). Medit. Mar. Sci., 13 (1): 93-102.
• Ball, B.J., Costelloe, J., Könnecker, G. & Keegan, B.F., (1995). The rocky subtidal assemblages of Kinsale Harbour (south coast of Ireland). In Proceedings of the 28th European Marine Biology Symposium, Instiitute of Marine Biology of Crete, Iraklio, Crete, 1993. Biology and Ecology of Shallow Coastal Waters (ed. A. Eleftheriou, A.D. Ansell & C.J. Smith), pp.293-302. Fredensborg: Olsen & Olsen.
• Boos, K.; Francke, H.-D. (2006). Brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) in the German Bight (North Sea)—species diversity during the past 130 years. Journal of the marine biological Association of the UK 86: 1187-1197.
• Borges, P.A.V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Gonçalves, V., Martins, A.F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R.S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.) (2010). A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Princípia, Oeiras, 432 pp.
• Bourgoin, A., Guilloum, M. & Morvan, C., (1985). Étude préliminaire de l'épifaune des sédiments meubles de la Rade de Brest (Finistère, France) à l'aide d'une caméra vidéo sous-marine. Annals de l'Institut Océanographique, 61, 39-50.
• Broom, D.M., (1975). Aggregation behaviour of the brittle star Ophiothrix fragilis. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 55, 191-197.
• Bruce, J.R., Colman, J.S. & Jones, N.S., (1963). Marine fauna of the Isle of Man. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
• Campbell, A., (1994). Seashores and shallow seas of Britain and Europe. London: Hamlyn.
• Cattrijsse, A.; Vincx, M. (2001). Biodiversity of the benthos and the avifauna of the Belgian coastal waters: summary of data collected between 1970 and 1998. Sustainable Management of the North Sea. Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs: Brussel, Belgium. 48 pp.
• Clark, A.M. (1974). Notes on some echinoderms from southern Africa. Bulluetin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology) 26(6): 423-487, 3 pls, 16 figs, 1 map, 3 tables
• Clark, A.M. and J. Courtman-Stock. (1976). The echinoderms of southern Africa. Publ. No. 766. British Museum (Nat. Hist), London. 277 pp.
• Davoult, D. (2002). Faune et flore du littoral du Pas-de-Calais et de la Manche orientale: mise à jour de la liste des espèces d'Echinodermes [Fauna and flora of the Pas-de-Calais coast and the eastern English Channel: review of the echinoderm species list]. Rev. Trav. Stat. Mar. Wimereux 2001(24): 1-3
• Davoult, D., & Gounin, F., (1995). Suspension feeding activity of a dense Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard) population at the water-sediment interface: Time coupling of food availability and feeding behaviour of the species. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 41, 567-577.
• Davoult, D., (1989). Demographic structure and production of the Ophiothrix fragilis population in the Dover Strait (French part). Proceedings of the 6th international symposium on Echinodermata. Echinoderms: living and fossils. Ile des Embiez (Var. France) 19-22 September, 1988. Vie Marine. Hors Series,10, 116-127.
• Davoult, D., (1990). Biofaciès et structure trophique du peuplement des cailloutis du Pas de Calais (France). Océanologica Acta, 13, 335-348.
• Davoult, D., Dewarumez, J.M., & Frontier, S., (1993). Long-term changes (1979-90) in 3 benthic communities (eastern English Channel): Use of factor analysis and rank frequency diagrams for studying structural developments. Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology, 27, 415-426.
• Davoult, D., Gounin, F. & Richard, A., (1990). Dynamique et reproduction de la population d'Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard) du détroit du Pas de Calais (Manche orientale). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 138, 201-216.
• Dyntaxa (2013) Swedish Taxonomic Database. Accessed at www.dyntaxa.se [15-01-2013].
• Emson, R.H., & Wilkie, I.C., (1980). Fission and autotomy in echinoderms. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review, 18, 155-250.
• Eneman, E. (1984). Uit het Natuurhistorisch Archief [From the Natural History Archive]. De Strandvlo 4(1): 4-17
• Fish, J.D. & Fish, S., (1996). A student's guide to the seashore. Second edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Gage, J.D., (1990). Skeletal growth bands in brittle stars: Microstructure and significance as age markers. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 70, 209-224.
• George, C.L. & Warwick, R.M., (1985). Annual macrofauna production in a hard-bottom reef community. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 65, 713-735.
• Gorzula, S.J., (1976). The distribution of epibenthic ophiuroids in Cumbrae waters. The Western Naturalist, 5, 71-80.
• Gounin, F., Davoult, D., & Richard, A., (1995). Role of a dense bed of Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard) in the transfer of heavy metals at the water-sediment interface. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 30, 736-741.
• Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2011). Species.ie version 1.0 World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (version of 15 March 2010).
• Hansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 336-351
• Hayward, P., Nelson-Smith, T. & Shields, C., (1996). Collins pocket guide. Sea shore of Britain and northern Europe. London: HarperCollins.
• Hayward, P.J. & Ryland, J.S. (ed.), (1995b). Handbook of the marine fauna of North-West Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.) (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp.
• Hiscock, K., (1983). Water movement. In Sublittoral ecology. The ecology of shallow sublittoral benthos (ed. R. Earll & D.G. Erwin), pp. 58-96. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
• Holme, N.A., (1984). Fluctuations of Ophiothrix fragilis in the western English Channel. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 64, 351-378.
• Hostens, K.; Mees, J.; Hummel, H. (2003). The mobile macro-invertebrate fauna of the Oosterschelde and the Westerschelde (SW Netherlands), in: Hostens, K. (2003). The demersal fish and macro-invertebrate assemblages of the Westerschelde and Oosterschelde estuaries (Southern Bight of the North Sea). pp. 87-103
• Howson, C.M. & Picton, B.E. (ed.), (1997). The species directory of the marine fauna and flora of the British Isles and surrounding seas. Belfast: Ulster Museum. [Ulster Museum publication, no. 276.]
• Hughes, D.J., (1998b). Subtidal brittlestar beds. An overview of dynamics and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Natura 2000 report prepared for Scottish Association of Marine Science (SAMS) for the UK Marine SACs Project., Scottish Association for Marine Science. (UK Marine SACs Project, Vol. 3)., http://www.english-nature.org.uk/uk-marine
• Hutchins, D.A., Teyssié, J-L., Boisson, F., Fowler, S.W., & Fisher, N.S., (1996). Temperature effects on uptake and retention of contaminant radionuclides and trace metals by the brittle star Ophiothrix fragilis. Marine Environmental Research, 41, 363-378.
• ILVO epifauna en demersale visdata: epifauna en demersale vismonitoring op het Belgisch deel van de Noordzee sinds 1979
• ILVO macrofauna data: macrofauna monitoring on the Belgian Part of the North Sea since 1979
• JNCC (Joint Nature Conservation Committee), (1999). Marine Environment Resource Mapping And Information Database (MERMAID): Marine Nature Conservation Review Survey Database. [on-line] http://www.jncc.gov.uk/mermaid,
• Kaiser, M.J., Ramsay, K., Richardson, C.A., Spence, F.E. & Brand, A.R., (2000). Chronic fishing disturbance has changed shelf sea benthic community structure. Journal of Animal Ecology, 69, 494-503.
• Koukouras, Athanasios. (2010). Check-list of marine species from Greece. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Assembled in the framework of the EU FP7 PESI project.
• Leewis, R. (2002). Flora en fauna van de zee [Marine flora and fauna]. Veldgids, 16. KNNV Uitgeverij: Utrecht, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-5011-153-X. 320 pp.
• Lefebvre, A., & Davoult, D., (1997). Recrutement d'Ophiothrix fragilis (Échinoderme: ophiuride) en Manche orientale: Étude biométrique. Journal Recherche Océanographique, 22, 109-116.
• MBA (Marine Biological Association), (1957). Plymouth Marine Fauna. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.
• MEDIN (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN, version 1.0.  
• MacBride, E.W., (1907). Development of Ophiothrix fragilis. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 51, 557-606.
• Mackie, A.M., (1970). Avoidance reactions of marine invertebrates to either steroid glycosides of starfish or synthetic surface-active agents. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 5, 63-69.
• Magorrian, B.H., Service, M., & Clarke, W., (1995). An acoustic bottom classification of Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 75, 987-992.
• Massin, C.; Norro, A.; Mallefet, J. (2002). Biodiversity of a wreck from the Belgian Continental Shelf: monitoring using scientific diving. Preliminary results. Bull. IRSNB (Biologie) 72, pp 67-72.
• Massin, Cl.; De Ridder, Ch. (1989). Les échinodermes de Belgique [The Echinodermata from Belgium], in: Wouters, K.; Baert, L. (Ed.) (1989). Proceedings of the Symposium "Invertebrates of Belgium". pp. 395-402
• Migné, A. & Davoult, D., (1997b). Carbon dioxide production and metabolic parameters in the ophiurid Ophiothrix fragilis. Marine Biology, 127, 699-704.
• Migné, A., & Davoult, D., (1997c). Distribution quantitative de la macrofaune benthique du peuplement des cailloutis dans le détroit du Pas de Calais (Manche orientale, France). Oceanologica Acta, 20, 453-460.
• Migné, A., Davoult, D., & Gattuso, J-P., (1998). Calcium carbonate production of a dense population of the brittle star Ophiothrix fragilis (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): role in the carbon cycle of a temperate coastal ecosystem. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 173, 305-308.
• Müller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp.
• Natural Geography in Shore Areas (NaGISA) database, compiled by Ann Knowlton.
• Newton, L.C. & McKenzie, J.D., (1995). Echinoderms and oil pollution: a potential stress assay using bacterial symbionts. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 31, 453-456.
• Ophiocomina nigra
• Pedrotti, M.L., (1993). Spatial and temporal distribution and recruitment of echinoderm larvae in the Ligurian Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 73, 513-530
• Picton, B.E. & Costello, M.J., (1998). BioMar biotope viewer: a guide to marine habitats, fauna and flora of Britain and Ireland. [CD-ROM] Environmental Sciences Unit, Trinity College, Dublin., http://www.itsligo.ie/biomar/
• Pingree, R.D. & Maddock, L., (1977). Tidal residuals in the English Channel Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 57, 339-354.
• Rappé, G. (1989). The hairy crab Pilumnus hirtellus at Knokke-Heist [Het harig krabbetje Pilumnus hirtellus te Knokke-Heist]. De Strandvlo 9(2): 39
• Sides, E.M. & Woodley, J.D., (1985). Niche separation in three species of Ophiocomina (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) in Jamaica, West Indies. Bulletin of Marine Science, 36, 701-715.
• Sköld, M., (1998). Escape responses in four epibenthic brittle stars (Ophiuroidea: Echinodermata). Ophelia, 49, 163-179.
• Smaal, A.C., (1994). Theme V: The response of benthic suspension feeders to environmental changes. The Oosterschelde Estuary (The Netherlands): A case study of a changing ecosystem. Hydrobiologia, 282-283, 355-357.
• Southward, E.C.; Campbell, A.C. (2006). [Echinoderms: keys and notes for the identification of British species]. Synopses of the British fauna (new series), 56. Field Studies Council: Shrewsbury, UK. ISBN 1-85153-269-2. 272 pp.
• Stachowitsch, M., (1984). Mass mortality in the Gulf of Trieste: the course of community destruction. Marine Ecology, Pubblicazione della Statione Zoologica di Napoli, 5, 243-264.
• Stöhr, S. & O’Hara, T. (Eds) (2013). WoRMS Ophiuroidea: World Ophiuroidea database (version 2013-03-04). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 11th March 2013 (Roskov Y., Kunze T., Paglinawan L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Hernandez F., De Wever A., eds). Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col/. Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Stöhr, S.; Hansson, H. (2013). Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard, in O.F. Müller, 1789). In: Stöhr, S., O’Hara, T. (Eds) (2013). World Ophiuroidea database. Accessed through: Stöhr, S., O’Hara, T. (Eds) (2013). World Ophiuroidea database at http://www.marinespecies.org/ophiuroidea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=125131 on 2013-03-02
• Ware, J.R., Smith, S.V. & Reaka-Kudla, M.L., (1992). Coral reefs: sources or sinks of atmospheric CO₂? Coral Reefs, 11, 127-130.
• Warner, G.F. & Woodley, J.D., (1975). Suspension feeding in the brittle star Ophiothrix fragilis. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 55, 199-210.
• Warner, G.F., (1971). On the ecology of a dense bed of the brittle star Ophiothrix fragilis. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 51, 267-282.
• Wilkie, I.C., (1978). Arm autonomy in brittlestars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Journal of Zoology, 186, 311-330.
• Wolff, W.J., (1968). The Echinodermata of the estuarine region of the rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt, with a list of species occurring in the coastal waters of the Netherlands. The Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, 4, 59-85.
• Zühlke, R.; Alvsvåg, J.; De Boois, I.; Cotter, J.; Ehrich, S.; Ford, A.; Hinz, H.; Jarre-Teichmann, A.; Jennings, S.; Kröncke, I.; Lancaster, J.; Piet, G.; Prince, P. (2001). Epibenthic diversity in the North Sea. Senckenb. Marit. 31(2): 269-281