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Overview
Distribution
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Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.) (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1
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North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
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Hayward, P.J. (2001). Bryozoa, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 325-333
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1369
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Prenant, M. (1931). Sur une collection de bryozoaires de la Mer du Nord appartenant au Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique [On a collection of bryozoans of the North Sea belonging to the Musée Royal D'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique]. Bull. Mus. royal d'Hist. Nat. Belg./Med. Kon. Natuurhist. Mus. Belg. 7(17): 1-6
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1224
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De Blauwe, H. (2009). Mosdiertjes van de Zuidelijke Bocht van de Noordzee. Determinatiewerk voor België en Nederland. Uitgave Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee, Oostende: 464pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=130048
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MEDIN (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN, version 1.0.
http://www.marinespecies.org/asteroidea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149081
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Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2011). Species.ie version 1.0 World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (version of 15 March 2010).
http://www.marinespecies.org/ascidiacea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149068
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Ramos, M. (ed.). 2010. IBERFAUNA. The Iberian Fauna Databank
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149024
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North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
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Hippothoa divaricata is widely distributed in the North Atlantic from Spitzbergen south to the Bay of Biscay and the Mediterranean. Records from outside this area are unreliable, owing to confusion with related species.
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Physical Description
Morphology
Hippothoa divaricata forms adnate runner-like colonies composed of delicate uniserial branches, closely adhering to the substrate. The species is typically small, glossy and pearly white in colour. Autozooids are slender and club-shaped, with a long narrow thread-like portion proximally (closest to the colony origin) and a dilated distal section. The slender proximal section is one-half to twice as long as the distal section.
Each autozooid gives rise to a maximum of four lateral buds (new autozooids), with up to two buds each side, spreading diagonally to give an “x” shape. Autozooids are typically 0.3 mm long.
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Ecology
Habitat
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North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
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Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 1 sample.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0.1 - 23.77
Temperature range (°C): 9.823 - 9.823
Nitrate (umol/L): 7.608 - 7.608
Salinity (PPS): 32.111 - 32.111
Oxygen (ml/l): 6.643 - 6.643
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.021 - 1.021
Silicate (umol/l): 14.910 - 14.910
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0.1 - 23.77
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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The species is able to colonise stones and shells. It is mainly found in subtidal waters, but also rarely on the lower shore.
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