Overview

Brief Summary

Lytechinus variegatus, also called green sea urchin, is a species of sea urchin that can be found in the warm waters of the western Atlantic Ocean. It has short spines and can reach a diameter of around 11 cm.
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Distribution

Distribution

Belize, Caribbean Sea, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Gulf of Mexico, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico, Venezuela
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Source: World Register of Marine Species

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Distribution

In Panama this species has been collected in the Caribbean from:

-Portobelo (USNM E 18762)

-Galeta Island (USNM E 26676, USNM E 18742; Centroid Latitude: 9.4067, Centroid Longitude: -79.8717)

-Margaritia Island, Fort Randolph, Limon Bay (USNM E 27253)

-Toro Point, Fort Sherman, Limon Bay (USNM E 26663)

-Naranjo Point, Colon (USNM 1011517; Centroid Latitude: 9.4333, Centroid Longitude: -79.7861, depth 1 m)

-Fox Bay, Colon (USNM E 4940)

-Sail Rock, Colon (USNM E 18749)

-Buenaventura Bay, Mangote Island, Colon (Centroid Latitude: 9.5431, Centroid Longitude:-79.6808, depth <1 m)

-North of Palina Island, Colon (USNM 1011519)

-Valiente Peninsula (USNM E 34176; Centroid Latitude: 9.2133, Centroid Longitude: -82.0450, depth 1 to 2 m)

-South of Maria Soto River (USNM 1114996; Centroid Latitude: 9.5233, Centroid Longitude: -79.6867, depth < 1 m)

-2.5 miles southwest of Guanche River (USNM 1017370)

-Miria Island, San Blas (USNM E 18768)

-Pico Feo Island, San Blas (USNM E 26667; Centroid Latitude: 9.5500, Centroid Longitude: -78.9833)

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Source: The Echinoderms of Panama

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Physical Description

Diagnostic Description

Synonymised taxa

Anapesus blainvillei (Des Moulins, 1837) (subjective junior synonym)
Echinus blainvillei Des Moulins, 1837 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinus excavatus Blainville, 1825 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinus variegatus Lamarck, 1816 (transferred to Lytechinus)
Lytechinus atlanticus A. Agassiz, 1863 (subjective junior synonym)
Lytechinus carolinus A. Agassiz, 1863 (subjective junior synonym)
Lytechinus excavatus (Blainville, 1825) (subjective junior synonym)
Lytechinus thieryi Koehler, 1927 (subjective junior synonym)
Lytechinus thiéryi Koehler, 1927 (incorrect original spelling, mandatory change under Article 32.5.2.1. of the ICZN Code)
Lytechinus variegatus atlanticus A. Agassiz, 1863 (subjective junior synonym)
Lytechinus variegatus carolinus A. Agassiz, 1863 (subjective junior synonym)
Lytechinus variegatus typicus H.L. Clark, 1912 (nomen nudum)
Psammechinus excavatus (Blainville, 1825) (subjective junior synonym)
Psammechinus variegatus (Lamarck, 1816) (transferred to Lytechinus)
Psilechinus variegatus (Lamarck, 1816) (transferred to Lytechinus)
Schizechinus excavatus (Blainville, 1825) (subjective junior synonym)
Schizechinus variegatus (Lamarck, 1816) (transferred to Lytechinus)
Toxopneustes atlanticus (A. Agassiz, 1863) (subjective junior synonym)
Toxopneustes variegatus (Lamarck, 1816) (transferred to Lytechinus)

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Source: The Echinoderms of Panama

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References and links

Mortensen, T. (1943). A monograph of the Echinoidea 3(2). Camarodonta 1. Copenhagen. 553 pp., 321 figures, 56 pls; pages: 437-446.

Zigler K.S. & Lessios, H. A. (2004). Speciation on the coasts of the new world: Phylogeography and the evolution of bindin in the sea urchin genus Lytechinus. Evolution, 58:1225-1241.

GenBank

The Echinoid Directory

World Echinoidea Database

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Source: The Echinoderms of Panama

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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat

Known from the nearshore.
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Source: World Register of Marine Species

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Depth range based on 403 specimens in 3 taxa.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 215 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 1 - 580
  Temperature range (°C): 6.124 - 27.713
  Nitrate (umol/L): 0.289 - 29.548
  Salinity (PPS): 34.487 - 36.446
  Oxygen (ml/l): 3.681 - 5.250
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.071 - 1.992
  Silicate (umol/l): 0.756 - 24.889

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 1 - 580

Temperature range (°C): 6.124 - 27.713

Nitrate (umol/L): 0.289 - 29.548

Salinity (PPS): 34.487 - 36.446

Oxygen (ml/l): 3.681 - 5.250

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.071 - 1.992

Silicate (umol/l): 0.756 - 24.889
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Genomic DNA is available from 1 specimen with morphological vouchers housed at Australia Museum
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Ocean Genome Legacy

Source: Ocean Genome Resource

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Barcode data: Lytechinus variegatus

The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species. 

 
There is 1 barcode sequence available from BOLD and GenBank.   Below is the sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.  See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen.  Other sequences that do not yet meet barcode criteria may also be available.
 
GBEH2898-09|AY183176|Lytechinus variegatus| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CTGTTCCAACACTTATTCTGATTCTTTGGTCACCCAGAAGTTTACATCTTGATCCTTCCCGGATTCGGTATGATCTCACATGTTATTGCTCACTACTCAGGAAAGCGA---GAGCCATTTGGATACCTGGGAATGGTTTACGCCATGATAGCCATTGGAATCCTAGGATTTTTAGTCTGAGCTCACCATATGTTTACAGTGGGAATGG  
-- end --

Download FASTA File
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Source: Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Lytechinus variegatus

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Species: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Source: Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

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Wikipedia

Lytechinus variegatus

Lytechinus variegatus, commonly called green sea urchin or variegated sea urchin, is a species of sea urchin that can be found in the warm waters of the western Atlantic Ocean. It has short spines and can reach a diameter of around 11 centimetres (4.3 in).

Sub-species

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