Articles on this page are available in 1 other language: Dutch (2) (learn more)
Overview
Comprehensive Description
General Description
Flustrellidra hispida is an encrusting bryozoan, generally restricted to the mid or lower intertidal zone, in temperate environments. It is abundant on sheltered to moderately exposed rocky shores, where it forms thick dark brown to purplish patches with a distinctly hairy or furry feel. It primarily colonises Fucus serratus, but may use other algal substrates such as Chondrus crispus, Gigartina stellata and Ascophyllum. Only very rarely does F. hispida colonise hard substrates.
The species is widely distributed and may be found on all British coasts.
Trusted
Distribution
-
North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
Trusted
-
Leewis, R. (2002). Flora en fauna van de zee [Marine flora and fauna]. Veldgids, 16. KNNV Uitgeverij: Utrecht, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-5011-153-X. 320 pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1116
-
Müller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=9269
-
Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.) (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1
-
North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
-
De Blauwe, H. (2001). Mosdiertjes (Bryozoa) van Northumberland, SWG-reis april 2000 [Bryozoa of Northumberland, SWG-trip april 2000]. De Strandvlo 21(1): 13-35
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1164
-
De Blauwe, Hans
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1071
-
Hayward, P.J. (2001). Bryozoa, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 325-333
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1369
-
Trott, T.J. 2004. Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. Northeastern Naturalist (Special Issue 2): 261 - 324.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=3072
-
De Blauwe, H. (2000c). Riemwiervoetjes en hun begroeiing [Seaweed haptera and their overgrowth]. De Strandvlo 20(3): 130-137
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1163
-
De Blauwe, H. (2009). Mosdiertjes van de Zuidelijke Bocht van de Noordzee. Determinatiewerk voor België en Nederland. Uitgave Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee, Oostende: 464pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=130048
-
Migné, A.; Davoult, D. (2001). Faune et flore du littoral du Pas-de-Calais et de la Manche orientale: mise à jour de la liste des espèces de Bryozoaires [Fauna and flora of the Pas-de-Calais coast and the eastern English Channel: review of the Bryozoa species list]. Rev. Trav. Stat. Mar. Wimereux 2000(23): 12-16
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1167
-
MEDIN (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN, version 1.0.
http://www.marinespecies.org/asteroidea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149081
-
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2011). Species.ie version 1.0 World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (version of 15 March 2010).
http://www.marinespecies.org/ascidiacea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149068
-
Préfontaine, G. & P. Brunel. 1962. Liste d'invertébrés marins recueillis dans l'estuaire du Saint-Laurent de 1929 à 1934. Naturaliste Canadien, Quebec 89(8-9):237-263, fig. 1.
http://www.marinespecies.org/ascidiacea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=109070
Trusted
Flustrellidra hispida is a temperate species. In the eastern Atlantic, it ranges from the White Sea and Arctic Norway to the north west coasts of France. In the western Atlantic it ranges south to Woods Hole
Trusted
Physical Description
Morphology
Fluestrellidra hispida forms thick encrusting patches or cylindrical colonies, which are dark brown to purple with a furry feel. Zooids are oval to hexagonal in shapes and are separated by deep grooves. Zooids are completely membranous with no calcification. The frontal membrane is smooth and translucent such that the polypide is visible as a white streak. The rectangular orifice of the zooid is subterminal and is wider than it is long. Tentacle number appears to vary between different populations, but is commonly between 28 and 40. Around four to six specialised zooids, which lack feeding apparatus, (kenozooids) develop as erect spines with a blister-like base. The spines are arranged in arc around the distal end (furthest from the colony origin) of feeding zooids and are typically between 0.4-0.6 mm long. They are responsible for the furry feel of the colony
Trusted
Size
The size of zooids is between 0.8 and 1.2.6 by 0.5 and 0.6 mm
Trusted
Ecology
Habitat
-
Natural Geography in Shore Areas (NaGISA) database, compiled by Ann Knowlton.
http://www.marinespecies.org/arms/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=145467
Trusted
-
North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
Trusted
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 6 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0 - 5
Temperature range (°C): 11.471 - 12.348
Nitrate (umol/L): 4.729 - 6.151
Salinity (PPS): 35.184 - 35.363
Oxygen (ml/l): 6.128 - 6.200
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.336 - 0.421
Silicate (umol/l): 2.315 - 3.285
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0 - 5
Temperature range (°C): 11.471 - 12.348
Nitrate (umol/L): 4.729 - 6.151
Salinity (PPS): 35.184 - 35.363
Oxygen (ml/l): 6.128 - 6.200
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.336 - 0.421
Silicate (umol/l): 2.315 - 3.285
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Trusted
Flustrellidra hispida is abundant on sheltered to moderately exposed rocky shores. It reaches its greatest abundance on Fucus serratus, but may use other algal substrates such as Chondrus crispus, Gigartina stellata and Ascophyllum. Only very rarely does F. hispida colonise hard substrates. It is mainly found in the mid to lower shore, hardly extending into subtidal waters.
Trusted
Trophic Strategy
Like all bryozoans, Flustrellidra hispida is a suspension feeder. It feeds on small phytoplankton using ciliated tentacles of the lophophore.
Trusted
Associations
Flustrellidra hispida is able to colonise algal substrates, primarily Fucus serratus, but it may use other algal substrates such as Chondrus crispus, Gigartina stellata and Ascophyllum.
Trusted
Life History and Behavior
Life Cycle
The founding zooid (ancestrula) develops into a young colony, and later into an adult colony through asexual budding. Sexually produced embryos are brooded within the colony. Larvae settle after liberation and metamorphose into an ancestrula.
Trusted
Reproduction
Reproduction in Flustrellidra hispida occurs during winter. By February, developing embryos, brooded within the colony may be observed by the naked eye as distinct yellowish-white patches. Larvae are non-feeding coronate larvae, which lack a shell and have a densely ciliated belt (the corona) for locomotion. The larvae are large relative to other bryozoan larvae and settle from April to August, depending on location.
Trusted
Growth
Colonies grow through asexual budding of new zooids at the periphery. Growth of young colonies is rapid throughout the summer months.
Trusted
Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Flustrellidra hispida
There are 3 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
-- end --
Download FASTA File
Trusted
Statistics of barcoding coverage: Flustrellidra hispida
Public Records: 3
Specimens with Barcodes: 3
Species With Barcodes: 1
Trusted
Disclaimer
EOL content is automatically assembled from many different content providers. As a result, from time to time you may find pages on EOL that are confusing.
To request an improvement, please leave a comment on the page. Thank you!

