Blechnum occidentale — Details

Known from three locales in the Imbabura, Pichincha and Tungurahua provinces, Ecuador.

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Source: IUCN

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Range Description

Known from three sites in Bolívar and Pichincha provinces, Ecuador.

Source: IUCN

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Blechnum caudatum Cav.:
Bolivia (South America)
Venezuela (South America)

Foster, R. C. 1958. A catalogue of the ferns and flowering plants of Bolivia. Contr. Gray Herb. 184: 1–223. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1313
Funk, V. A., P. E. Berry, S. Alexander, T. H. Hollowell & C. L. Kelloff. 2007. Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55: 1–584. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1033072
Kessler, M., A. R. Smith & J. G. R. 1999. Inventory of pteridophytes on an elevational transect in Carrasco National Park, Dpto. Cochabamba, Bolivia. Revista Soc. Boliv. Bot. 2(2): 227–250. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1011945

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Blechnum occidentale L.:
Argentina (South America)
Belize (Mesoamerica)
Bolivia (South America)
Brazil (South America)
Chile (South America)
Colombia (South America)
Costa Rica (Mesoamerica)
Ecuador (South America)
El Salvador (Mesoamerica)
French Guiana (South America)
Guatemala (Mesoamerica)
Venezuela (South America)
Mexico (Mesoamerica)
Honduras (Mesoamerica)
United States (North America)
Nicaragua (Mesoamerica)
Panama (Mesoamerica)
Paraguay (South America)
Caribbean (Caribbean)
Peru (South America)
Guyana (South America)
Suriname (South America)

Forzza, R. C. & et al. 2010. 2010 Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil. http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/100002289
Cowan, C. P. 1983. Flora de Tabasco. Listados Floríst. México 1: 1–123. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/511
Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1103
Lawesson, J. E., H. Adsersen & P. Bentley. 1987. An updated and annotated check list of the vascular plants of the Galapagos Islands. Rep. Bot. Inst. Univ. Aarhus 16: 1–74. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/43197
Porter, D. M. 1983. Vascular plants of the Galapagos: Origins and dispersal. 33–54. In M. B. R. I. Bowman & A. E. Leviton Patt. Evol. Galapagos Org. Pacific Division, AAAS, San Francisco. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/43214
Steyermark, J. 1995. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana Project. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/158
Molina Rosito, A. 1975. Enumeración de las plantas de Honduras. Ceiba 19(1): 1–118. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/866
Killeen, T. J. & T. S. Schulenberg. 1998. A biological assessment of Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado, Bolivia. RAP Working Papers 10: 1–372. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1012086
Foster, R. C. 1958. A catalogue of the ferns and flowering plants of Bolivia. Contr. Gray Herb. 184: 1–223. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1313
Funk, V. A., P. E. Berry, S. Alexander, T. H. Hollowell & C. L. Kelloff. 2007. Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55: 1–584. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1033072
Serrano, M. & J. Teran. 2000. Identific. Esp. Veg. Chuquisaca 1–129. PLAFOR, Intercooperación, Fundación Ceibo, Sucre. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1014273
González, J. A., G. J. Scrocchi & E. O. Lavilla. 1999. Relevamiento de la biodiversidad de la reserva nacional de flora y fauna Tariquía (Tarija, Bolivia). Ser. Conserv. Natur. 14: 7–134. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1012020
Trusty, J. L., H. C. Kesler & G. H. Delgado. 2006. Vascular Flora of Isla del Coco, Costa Rica. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 57(7): 247–355. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1029752
Schulenberg, T. S. & K. Awbrey. 1997. A rapid assessment of the humid forests of South Central Chusquisaca, Bolivia. RAP Working Papers 8: 1–84. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1012084
Lellinger, D. B. 1985. A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern Allies of the United States and Canada. 389 pp. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1316
Small, J. K. 1938. Ferns of the Southeastern States. 517 pp. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1353
Pfeiffer-Berendsohn, B. 1989. Pteridophyta in: Listado Basico de la Flora Salvadorensis. Cuscatlania 1: 1–28. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/11333
Sodiro, L. 1893. Crypt. Vasc. Quit. 1–656. Typis Universitatis, Quito. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1000624
Mickel, J. T. & A. R. Smith. 2004. The Pteridophytes of Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 1–1054. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1025841
Rojas Alvarado, A. F. & J. Trusty. 2004. Diversidad pteridofitica de la Isla del Coco, Costa Rica. Brenesia 62: 1–14. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1031725
Mickel, J. T. & J. M. Beitel. 1988. Pteridophyte Flora of Oaxaca, Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 46: 1–568. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/9402
Kessler, M., T. Krömer & I. Jiménez. 2000. Inventario de grupos selectos de plantas en el valle de Masicurí (Santa Cruz--Bolivia). Revista Boliviana Ecol. Cons. Amb. 8: 3–15. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1016408
Fournier, E. 1870. Sur deux fougères nouvelles du Nicaragua. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 17: 236–237. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1006007
Smith, A. R. 1981. Pteridophytes. 2: 1–370. In D. E. Breedlove Fl. Chiapas. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/6014
Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. N. S. Stapf. 2004. Cat. Pl. Vasc. Panamá 1–599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1031911
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez. (eds.) 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: i–viii, 1–1181. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/42250
Breedlove, D. E. 1986. Flora de Chiapas. Listados Floríst. México 4: i–v, 1–246. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/513
Wiggins, I. L. & D. M. Porter. 1971. Fl. Galápagos Isl. i–xx, 1–998. Stanford University Press, Stanford. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/73
Dodson, C. H. & A. H. Gentry. 1978. Flora of the Río Palenque Science Center: Los Ríos Province, Ecuador. Selbyana 4(1–6): i–xxx, 1–628. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/105
Luteyn, J. L. 1999. Páramos, a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 84: viii–xv, 1–278. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1024098
Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez & S. Knapp. (eds.) 1995. Psilotaceae a Salviniaceae. Fl. Mesoamer. 1: i–xxi, 1–470. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/47044
Daniel, H. 1941. Los géneros Dryopteris, Blechnum y Asplenium en algunas colecciones colombianas. Caldasia 1(3): 33–40. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/26792
Tryon, R. M. & R. G. Stolze. 1993. Pteridophyta of Peru---Part V. 18. Aspleniaceae--21. Polypodiaceae. Fieldiana, Bot., n.s. 32: 1–190. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/44503
Murillo, M. T. 1968. Blechnum subgénero Blechnum en Sur América, con especial referencia a las especies de Colombia. Nova Hedwigia 16: 329–366, t. 110–147. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/23736
Pérez, A., M. Sousa Sánchez, A. M. Hanan-Alipi, F. Chiang Cabrera & P. Tenorio L. 2005. Vegetación terrestre. 65–110. In Biodivers. Tabasco. CONABIO-UNAM, México. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1030034
Balick, M. J., M. Nee & D. E. Atha. 2000. Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 85: i–ix, 1–246. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1014725

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Blechnum cognatum C. Presl:
Peru (South America)

SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/9990002

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Blechnum × antillanum Proctor:
Ecuador (South America)

Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez. (eds.) 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: i–viii, 1–1181. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/42250

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Blechnum sodiroi C. Chr.:
Ecuador (South America)

Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez. (eds.) 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: i–viii, 1–1181. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/42250

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Blechnum scaberulum Sodiro:
Ecuador (South America)

Sodiro, L. 1893. Crypt. Vasc. Quit. 1–656. Typis Universitatis, Quito. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1000624
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez. (eds.) 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: i–viii, 1–1181. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/42250

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Blechnum lomarioides Sodiro:
Ecuador (South America)

Sodiro, L. 1893. Crypt. Vasc. Quit. 1–656. Typis Universitatis, Quito. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1000624

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Blechnum × falciculatum C. Presl:
Mexico (Mesoamerica)

SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/9990002

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Blechnum × caudatum Cav.:
Belize (Mesoamerica)
Brazil (South America)
Colombia (South America)
Costa Rica (Mesoamerica)
Ecuador (South America)
El Salvador (Mesoamerica)
Guatemala (Mesoamerica)
Honduras (Mesoamerica)
Nicaragua (Mesoamerica)
Panama (Mesoamerica)
Peru (South America)
Suriname (South America)
Venezuela (South America)
Mexico (Mesoamerica)

Steyermark, J. 1995. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana Project. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/158
Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. N. S. Stapf. 2004. Cat. Pl. Vasc. Panamá 1–599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1031911
Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez & S. Knapp. (eds.) 1995. Psilotaceae a Salviniaceae. Fl. Mesoamer. 1: i–xxi, 1–470. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/47044
Balick, M. J., M. Nee & D. E. Atha. 2000. Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 85: i–ix, 1–246. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1014725

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National Distribution

United States

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

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Physical Description

Morphology

Description

Varieties 2 (1 in the flora): North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America.

Flora of North America @ eFloras.org

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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat and Ecology

Habitat and Ecology

High Andean forest (2,500–3,000 m).

Systems

Terrestrial

Source: IUCN

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Habitat and Ecology

Habitat and Ecology

High Andean forest (2,000–2,500 m).

Systems

Terrestrial

Source: IUCN

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Blechnum occidentale

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 5
Species: 5
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Source: Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

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Conservation

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Assessment

Red List Category

Vulnerable

Red List Criteria

Version

3.1

Year Assessed

2003

Assessor/s

Navarrete, H. & Pitman, N.

Reviewer/s

Valencia, R., Pitman, N., Léon-Yánez, S., Jørgensen, P.M. (Ecuador Plants Red List Authority) & Jermy, C., Ranker, T. (Pteridophyte Red List Authority)

Justification

A terrestrial fern endemic to Ecuador, where it is known only from three collections. One of them is in the Reserva Geobotánica Pululahua, Pichincha province, and the other two are in Imbabura and Tungurahua provinces. The species may have a larger distribution range than the collection record suggests, because it is very similar to B. occidentale, which is common and consequently often ignored by collectors. No specimens of this species are housed in Ecuadorian museums. Habitat destruction is the only known threat to the species.

Source: IUCN

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IUCN Red List Assessment

Red List Category

Data Deficient

Red List Criteria

Version

3.1

Year Assessed

2003

Assessor/s

Navarrete, H. & Pitman, N.

Reviewer/s

Valencia, R., Pitman, N., Léon-Yánez, S., Jørgensen, P.M. (Ecuador Plants Red List Authority) & Jermy, C., Ranker, T. (Pteridophyte Red List Authority)

Justification

A terrestrial fern endemic to Ecuador, where it is known from three Andean locales. One of them, San Pablo, in Bolívar province, has been disturbed and transformed into cropland since the collection. The other two locales, San Florencio and Canchacoto, are still surrounded by forest remnants. The taxonomic status of the species is uncertain, due to the missing type specimen. No specimens of this species are housed in Ecuadorian museums. Habitat destruction is the only known threat to the species.

Source: IUCN

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National NatureServe Conservation Status

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

Source: NatureServe

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NatureServe Conservation Status

Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure

Source: NatureServe

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Trends

Population

Population Trend

Unknown

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Management

Conservation Actions

Conservation Actions

Occurs in at least one protected area.

Source: IUCN

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Conservation Actions

Conservation Actions

Not known to occur in any protected area.

Source: IUCN

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Wikipedia

Blechnum sodiroi

This article is an orphan, as few or no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; suggestions may be available. (February 2009)

Blechnum sodiroi is a species of fern in the Blechnaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

References

Navarrete, H. & Pitman, N. 2003. Blechnum sodiroi. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 20 August 2007.

This fern-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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Blechnum scaberulum

This article is an orphan, as few or no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; suggestions may be available. (February 2009)

Blechnum scaberulum is a species of fern in the Blechnaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Source

Navarrete, H. & Pitman, N. 2003. Blechnum scaberulum. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 20 August 2007.

This fern-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Source: Wikipedia

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