Berula erecta — Details

Canada

Origin: Native

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Present

Confidence: Confident

Type of Residency: Year-round

United States

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 3.0 (CC BY-NC 3.0)

Source: NatureServe

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Distribution

Distribution: A cosmopolitan species.

Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org

Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville:
Afghanistan (Asia)
Canada (North America)
Guatemala (Mesoamerica)
India (Asia)
Kyrgyzstan (Asia)
Kazakhstan (Asia)
Mexico (Mesoamerica)
United States (North America)
South Africa (Africa & Madagascar)
Russian Federation (Asia)
Tajikistan (Asia)
Nepal (Asia)
Pakistan (Asia)
Uzbekistan (Asia)
China (Asia)
Turkmenistan (Asia)

Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1103
Voss, E. G. 1985. Michigan Flora. Part II Dicots (Saururaceae-Cornaceae). Bull. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. 59. xix + 724. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1700
Gleason, H. A. 1968. The Choripetalous Dicotyledoneae. vol. 2. 655 pp. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1704
Standley, P. C. & L. O. Williams. 1966. Umbelliferae. In: P. C. Standley & L. O. Williams (eds.), Flora of Guatemala - Part VIII, Number 1. Fieldiana, Bot. 24(8/1): 21–66. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/6579
Gibbs Russell, G. E., W. G. Welman, E. Reitief, K. L. Immelman, G. Germishuizen, B. J. Pienaar, M. v. Wyk & A. Nicholas. 1987. List of species of southern African plants. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa 2(1–2): 1–152(pt. 1), 1–270(pt. 2). http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1371
Breedlove, D. E. 1986. Flora de Chiapas. Listados Floríst. México 4: i–v, 1–246. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/513
Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1493
Hickman, J. C. 1993. Jepson Man.: Higher Pl. Calif. i–xvii, 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/40453
Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1717
Munz, P. A. 1974. Fl. S. Calif. 1–1086. University of California Press, Berkeley. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1719
Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. (eds.) 2009. Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. Fl. Mesoamer. 4(1): 1–855. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1031708
Flora of China Editorial Committee. 2005. Fl. China 14: 1–581. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1028547

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 1.0 of 5

Berula pusilla (Nutt.) Fernald:
Canada (North America)
United States (North America)

Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1327

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 1.0 of 5

Physical Description

Morphology

Description

Plants 40–50(–100) cm. Stem hollow, branched, rooting at basal nodes. Submerged leaves 3–4-pinnate; ultimate segments linear. Aerial leaves 1-pinnate; pinnae 4–9(–15) pairs, basal pairs remote, sessile, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, 1.5–5(–7) × 0.8–2.5(–3) cm, base obliquely truncate, usually with 1 lobe at basal edge, margins serrate or irregularly incised. Upper leaves smaller, sheaths expanded. Umbels 4–6 cm across; bracts 3–6, oblong or lanceolate, 6–21 mm, entire or incised; rays 5–15 (–20), 2–3 cm, unequal; bracteoles 5–8, 1.5–5 mm, unequal, usually entire, nearly as long as or longer than the pedicels; umbellules 10–20-flowered; pedicels 2–5 mm, unequal. Calyx teeth 0.4–0.8 mm. Fruit 2–2.2 × 1.5–2 mm. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Jul–Aug.

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Description

6-50 cm tall, stoloniferous. Roots adventitious, rooting at the lower nodes. Leaves petiolate, pinnate; leaflets lanceolate to oval; margin serrate, laciniate; leaf bases sheathing. Peduncles lateral and terminal, 1-5 cm long. Involucre of 5-8 linear to lanceolate bracts, margin white, entire to toothed. Rays 10-15, unequal, 1-2 cm long. Involucel of 5-8 linear to lanceolate bractlets. Calyx teeth minute. Fruit ovoid, 1.5 mm long; stylopodium conical; styles 1 mm long; ridges embedded in thick, corky pericarp; furrows many vittate; vittae small, deeply embedded.

Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Comments

In W. Pakistan it grows in wet places from the plains to 2000 M.

Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Ecology

Habitat

Habitat & Distribution

Streamsides, other riparian habitats on plains or hills; ca. 1500 m. Xinjiang [Afghanistan, NW India, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, W Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; N Africa, SW Asia, Europe; introduced in the Americas and Australia].

Flora of China @ eFloras.org

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Associations

In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / gall
colony of Burenia inundata causes gall of live leaf of Berula erecta
Remarks: season: 7-10

Foodplant / miner
larva of Euleia heraclei mines live leaf of Berula erecta

Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Lixus paraplecticus feeds within stem of Berula erecta

Foodplant / gall
embedded chlamydospore of Protomyces macrosporus causes gall of live Berula erecta
Remarks: season: 3-10

Foodplant / spot causer
epiphyllous, scattered, brown pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph of Septoria sii causes spots on live leaf of Berula erecta
Remarks: season: 9

Foodplant / parasite
hypophyllous pycnium of Uromyces lineolatus parasitises live leaf of Berula erecta

Source: BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide (UK)

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Life History and Behavior

Cyclicity

Flower/Fruit

Fl. Per.: May July.

Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Berula erecta

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Species: 3
Species With Barcodes: 1

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 (CC BY 3.0)

Source: Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Conservation

Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: N3 - Vulnerable

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

Source: NatureServe

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

NatureServe Conservation Status

Rounded Global Status Rank: G4 - Apparently Secure

Reasons: Found throughout most of Europe, Canada, United States, Mexico (widespread), and South Africa.

Source: NatureServe

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Economic Uses

Comments: Root used for toothaches. In South Arica, reported as poisonous to cattle.

Source: NatureServe

Trusted

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5

Wikipedia

Berula

Berula is a cosmopolitan monotypic genus of flowering plant in the Apiaceae, containing the single species Berula erecta, which is known by the common name cutleaf water parsnip, or also simply water parsnip^[1] as are some other plants in Apiaceae such as Sium latifolium and Sium suave. It is easily confused with the highly toxic water hemlock. Water parsnip is a widespread aquatic plant found across Eurasia, Africa, North America, and elsewhere. It is a perennial plant forming stolons at the base where it roots in mud, often underwater. It extends hollow stems and umbels of white flowers. The leaves are fernlike and have several narrow to rounded leaflets.

Notes

^ Calflora: Berula erecta

Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 (CC BY-SA 3.0)

Source: Wikipedia

Unreviewed

Article rating from 0 people

Average rating: 2.5 of 5