Merluccius hubbsi — Details

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Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

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Inhabit continental shelf depths mainly between 100 and 200 m (Ref. 1371). Larger individuals feed on fish (anchovies, hake, nototheniids, myctophids and Southern blue whitings), squids and macrozooplankton (euphausiids and amphipods); smaller individuals feed on mysids and amphipods (Ref. 1371). Migrate inshore during spring and summer, and offshore into deep water wintering areas after spawning; also undertake diel vertical migrations (Ref. 1371). Sold fresh and frozen.

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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Distribution

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Southwest Atlantic: off southern Brazil to Argentina and the Falkland Islands up to 54°S (Ref. 47377).

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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FAO fishing area 41, Patagonia

Lloris, D.; Matallanas, J.; Oliver P. (2005). Hakes of the world (Family Merlucciidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of hake species known to date. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 2. Rome, FAO. 57p. 12 colour plates. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=138596

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Southwest Atlantic: Agentina, Brazil and Uruguay.

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Physical Description

Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 43 - 52; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 36 - 41; Vertebrae: 50 - 53

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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Size

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Maximum size: 950 mm TL

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Max. size

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95.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 1371))

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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Diagnostic Description

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Gill rakers short and thick with blunt tips. Pectoral fins relatively short, not reaching level of anal fin origin. Color is silvery with golden luster on back, silvery white on belly (Ref. 1371).

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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Type Information

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Paratype for Merluccius hubbsi
Catalog Number: USNM 43388
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1887
Locality: Patagonia (East coast South America)., Argentina, Atlantic
Vessel: Albatross

Paratype:

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Paratype for Merluccius hubbsi
Catalog Number: USNM 77292
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1888
Locality: East Coast South America, Argentina, Atlantic
Depth (m): 92.4 to 92.4
Vessel: Albatross

Paratype:

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Paratype for Merluccius hubbsi
Catalog Number: USNM 77291
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1888
Locality: East Coast of South America, Argentina, Atlantic
Depth (m): 94.2 to 94.2
Vessel: Albatross

Paratype:

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Ecology

Habitat

Environment

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benthopelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 50 - 800 m (Ref. 9715), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 1371)

Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&speccode=4683
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25
Bezzi, S.I., G.A. Verazay and C.V. Dato 1995 Biology and fisheries of Argentine hakes (M. hubbsi and M. asutralis). p. 239-267. In J. Alheit and T.J. Pitcher (eds.) Hake:biology, fisheries and markets. Chapman & Hall, London. (Ref. 9715) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9715&speccode=325

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Depth range based on 13258 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 9034 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 7 - 610
  Temperature range (°C): 2.881 - 22.261
  Nitrate (umol/L): 1.712 - 26.100
  Salinity (PPS): 31.427 - 36.341
  Oxygen (ml/l): 4.098 - 6.848
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.263 - 2.011
  Silicate (umol/l): 2.217 - 20.965

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 7 - 610

Temperature range (°C): 2.881 - 22.261

Nitrate (umol/L): 1.712 - 26.100

Salinity (PPS): 31.427 - 36.341

Oxygen (ml/l): 4.098 - 6.848

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.263 - 2.011

Silicate (umol/l): 2.217 - 20.965

Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.

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Depth: 50 - 800m.
From 50 to 800 meters.

Habitat: benthopelagic. Inhabits continental shelf depths mainly between 100 and 200 m. Larger individuals feed on fish (anchovies, hake, nototheniids, myctophids and Southern blue whitings), squids and macrozooplankton (euphausiids and amphipods); smaller individuals feed on mysids and amphipods. Migrates inshore during spring and summer, and offshore into deep water wintering areas after spawning; also undertakes diel vertical migrations. Sold fresh and frozen.

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Migration

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Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.

Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&speccode=4683

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Life History and Behavior

Life Cycle

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An indeterminate batch spawner.

Ehrlich, M.D. 1998 The early life history of the hake Merluccius hubbsi Marini, 1933 in the Argentine Sea for understanding its recruitment and population structure. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. 318 p. Ph.D. dissertation. (Ref. 43607) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43607&speccode=325

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Merluccius hubbsi

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The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.

There are 11 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.

CTCTATCTCGTATTTGGTGCTTGAGCCGGCATAGTCGGAACAGCCCTA---AGCCTGCTCATCCGGGCAGAACTAAGTCAACCCGGCGCACTCCTGGGCGAC---GATCAAATTTATAACGTAATCGTCACGGCACACGCCTTCGTAATAATTTTCTTTATAGTAATACCGTTAATAATTGGAGGCTTTGGAAACTGACTCGTTCCCCTAATG---ATCGGAGCCCCCGACATGGCCTTCCCCCGAATAAATAACATAAGCTTCTGACTTCTTCCTCCGTCTTTCCTGCTCCTCCTAGCATCCTCCGGAGTAGAAGCCGGAGCCGGGACAGGTTGAACAGTATACCCCCCTCTTGCAAGCAATCTTGCCCACGCTGGCGCCAGCGTGGACCTC---ACTATTTTTTCACTTCACTTAGCAGGCGTTTCCTCAATTCTAGGAGCAATTAATTTCATTACTACTATTATTAATATGAAACCCCCTGCAATCTCACAGTACCAGACACCCCTCTTTGTTTGATCCGTCCTTATTACAGCTGTCCTCCTCCTACTCTCCCTGCCCGTCTTAGCCGCC---GGCATCACAATACTACTAACTGACCGAAACCTCAACACCTCCTTCTTTGACCCCGCCGGTGGAGGGGACCCCATCCTATACCAGCATTTA
-- end --

Download FASTA File

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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Merluccius hubbsi

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 12
Specimens with Barcodes: 24
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Conservation

Threats

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Not Evaluated

IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073

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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

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fisheries: highly commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1992 FAO yearbook 1990. Fishery statistics. Catches and landings. FAO Fish. Ser. (38). FAO Stat. Ser. 70:(105):647 p. (Ref. 4931) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4931&speccode=228

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Wikipedia

Merluccius hubbsi

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The Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) is a merluccid hake of the genus Merluccius, found in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean, along the coast of Argentina.

Very similar to Merluccius merluccius (European hake), it can reach a length of 95 cm, with a weight up to 5 kg. It lives at depths from 100 to 200 m, and feeds on crustaceans, squids and fish (including smaller hakes). It migrates southwards in spring and northwards in autumn.

References

Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2009). "Merluccius hubbsi" in FishBase. March 2009 version.

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