Articles on this page are available in 1 other language: Dutch (3) (learn more)
Overview
Comprehensive Description
General Description
Bugula simplex is an erect bryozoan found in subtidal waters of the north Atlantic. The species forms thick funnel-shaped colonies up to 3 cm in height that become tufted. The colonies are composed of multi-serial dichotomous branches that are light orange-brown or straw coloured. The branches narrow at the base and broaden at the top. Autozooids are 0.5 – 0.8 by 0.1 – 0.2 mm, with spines at the tip.
Bugula simplex is characteristics of ports and harbours in the North Atlantic where it colonises pier piles and other artificial substrates. Bugula simplex occurs on the Atlantic coast of North America (where it was wrongly identified as B. flabellata for many years) and in the Mediterranean and Adriatic Seas. It is perhaps a more recent immigrant to south Australia and is thought to be non-native in western Europe. Until reported in the British Isles by Ryland (1958), B. simplex was known only from the Mediterranean and the eastern seaboard of North America. Recent British records include Brighton Marina and Suffolk Yacht Harbour.
Bugula simplex is generally only found for a short period over the summer, with erect portions thought not to survive the winter.
Trusted
Distribution
-
Müller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=9269
-
Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.) (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1
-
North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
-
De Blauwe, Hans
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1071
-
De Blauwe, H.; Faasse, M. (2001). Extension of the range of the Bryozoans Tricellaria inopinata and Bugula simplex in the north-east Atlantic ocean (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida). Ned. Faunist. Meded. 14: 103-112
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=645
-
Kerckhof, F. (2001). Het mosdiertje Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) nieuw voor de Belgische fauna [The bryozoan Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) new species for the Belgian fauna]. De Strandvlo 21(1): 36-39
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1165
-
Hayward, P.J. (2001). Bryozoa, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 325-333
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1369
-
Cardigos, F.; Tempera, F.; Ávila, S.; Gonçalves, J.; Colaço, A.; Santos, R.S. (2006). Non-indigenous marine species of the Azores. Helgol. Mar. Res. 60(2): 160-169
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=9808
-
Trott, T.J. 2004. Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. Northeastern Naturalist (Special Issue 2): 261 - 324.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=3072
-
De Blauwe, H. (2009). Mosdiertjes van de Zuidelijke Bocht van de Noordzee. Determinatiewerk voor België en Nederland. Uitgave Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee, Oostende: 464pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=130048
-
VLIZ Alien Species Consortium
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=132969
-
Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
http://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=sourcedetails&id=145244
-
MEDIN (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN, version 1.0.
http://www.marinespecies.org/asteroidea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149081
-
Borges, P.A.V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Gonçalves, V., Martins, A.F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R.S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.) (2010). A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Princípia, Oeiras, 432 pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/ascidiacea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149079
-
Ramos, M. (ed.). 2010. IBERFAUNA. The Iberian Fauna Databank
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149024
Trusted
-
North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
Trusted
-
Kerckhof, F. (2001). Het mosdiertje Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) nieuw voor de Belgische fauna [The bryozoan Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) new species for the Belgian fauna]. De Strandvlo 21(1): 36-39
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1165
Trusted
Ecology
Habitat
-
North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
Trusted
Migration
Alien species
-
VLIZ Alien Species Consortium
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=132969
Trusted
Disclaimer
EOL content is automatically assembled from many different content providers. As a result, from time to time you may find pages on EOL that are confusing.
To request an improvement, please leave a comment on the page. Thank you!

