The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville.
• Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee, e. 2010. Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae. 7: i–xxii, 1–797. In Fl. N. Amer. Oxford University Press, New York.
• Gleason, H. A. & A. J. Cronquist. 1991. Man. Vasc. Pl. N.E. U.S. (ed. 2) i–910. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.
• Gleason, H. A. 1968. The Choripetalous Dicotyledoneae. vol. 2. 655 pp. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
• Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
• Hilty, J. Editor. 2013. Illinois Wildflowers. World Wide Web electronic publication. flowervisitors.info, version 04/2013.
  See: Botanical Terminology and Line Drawings,  Ecological Terminology,  Website Description,  Links to Other Websites,  Reference Materials
• Hilty, J. Editor. 2013. Insect Visitors of Illinois Wildflowers.   World Wide Web electronic publication. illinoiswildflowers.info, version (05/2013)  
  See:   Abbreviations for Insect Activities,   Abbreviations for Scientific Observers,   References for behavioral observations
• Image metadata at Bioimages (http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/)
• Schwegman, J. E. 1991. The Vascular Flora of Langham Island, Kankakee County, Illinois. Erigenia 11: 1–8.
• Scoggan, H. J. 1978. Dicotyledoneae (Saururaceae to Violaceae). 3: 547–1115. In Fl. Canada. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa.
• Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
• Voss, E. G. 1985. Michigan Flora. Part II Dicots (Saururaceae-Cornaceae). Bull. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. 59. xix + 724.
• Warwick S.I., Francis A. & Al-Shehbaz I.A. (2013). Brassicaceae species checklist and database (version 2, Oct 2009). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 11th March 2013 (Roskov Y., Kunze T., Paglinawan L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Hernandez F., De Wever A., eds). Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col/. Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Warwick, S. I., A. Francis & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 2006. Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259: 249–258.