Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Probably demersal on the outer continental shelves and upper slopes (Ref. 31367). Feeds on squids (Ref. 31367). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205).
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Yano, K. 1988 A new lanternshark Etmopterus splendidus from the East China Sea and Java Sea. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 34(4):421-425. (Ref. 12704)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12704&speccode=27023
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Distribution
Western Pacific: Japan, Taiwan, and Java (Indonesia).
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Compagno, L.J.V. and V.H. Niem 1998 Squalidae. Dogfish sharks. p. 1213-1232. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 31367)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31367&speccode=652
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Range Description
Northwest Pacific: Japan and Taiwan, Province of China (Compagno et al. 2005).
Western Central Pacific: New Caledonia, Vanuatu (B. Séret. pers. comm. 2006) and possibly Java, Indonesia (Compagno et al. 2005).
Western Central Pacific: New Caledonia, Vanuatu (B. Séret. pers. comm. 2006) and possibly Java, Indonesia (Compagno et al. 2005).
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 2; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 0
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Compagno, L.J.V. and V.H. Niem 1998 Squalidae. Dogfish sharks. p. 1213-1232. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 31367)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31367&speccode=652
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Size
Max. size
30.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 31367))
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Compagno, L.J.V. and V.H. Niem 1998 Squalidae. Dogfish sharks. p. 1213-1232. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 31367)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31367&speccode=652
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Diagnostic Description
Black flank marking on side of tail base with short truncated posterior lobe; additional oval dark marking near base of caudal fin, but no transverse marking across midlength of caudal fin (Ref. 31367).
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Compagno, L.J.V. and V.H. Niem 1998 Squalidae. Dogfish sharks. p. 1213-1232. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 31367)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31367&speccode=652
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Ecology
Habitat
Environment
demersal; marine; depth range 120 - 210 m (Ref. 12704)
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Yano, K. 1988 A new lanternshark Etmopterus splendidus from the East China Sea and Java Sea. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 34(4):421-425. (Ref. 12704)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12704&speccode=27023
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Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
Probably demersal on outer continental shelves and upper slopes at depths of 120–210 m (Compagno et al. 2005). Also reported at depths of 561–564 m off Vanuatu 300–793 m off New Caledonia. Biology is unknown, but reproduction is presumably ovoviviparous (Compagno et al. 2005). Attains a maximum size of approximately 30 cm total length (Compagno and Niem 1998). Feeds on squids (Compagno and Niem 1998).
Systems
- Marine
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Depth range based on 5 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 3 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 200 - 793
Temperature range (°C): 5.566 - 16.883
Nitrate (umol/L): 6.839 - 31.805
Salinity (PPS): 34.437 - 35.405
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.959 - 4.124
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.635 - 2.165
Silicate (umol/l): 2.970 - 32.643
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 200 - 793
Temperature range (°C): 5.566 - 16.883
Nitrate (umol/L): 6.839 - 31.805
Salinity (PPS): 34.437 - 35.405
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.959 - 4.124
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.635 - 2.165
Silicate (umol/l): 2.970 - 32.643
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 3 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 200 - 793
Temperature range (°C): 5.566 - 16.883
Nitrate (umol/L): 6.839 - 31.805
Salinity (PPS): 34.437 - 35.405
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.959 - 4.124
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.635 - 2.165
Silicate (umol/l): 2.970 - 32.643
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 200 - 793
Temperature range (°C): 5.566 - 16.883
Nitrate (umol/L): 6.839 - 31.805
Salinity (PPS): 34.437 - 35.405
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.959 - 4.124
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.635 - 2.165
Silicate (umol/l): 2.970 - 32.643
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Depth: 120 - 210m.
From 120 to 210 meters.
Habitat: demersal.
From 120 to 210 meters.
Habitat: demersal.
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Trophic Strategy
Probably demersal on the outer continental shelves and upper slopes. Feeds on squids.
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Compagno, L.J.V. and V.H. Niem 1998 Squalidae. Dogfish sharks. p. 1213-1232. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 31367)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31367&speccode=652
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Life History and Behavior
Life Cycle
Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
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Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&speccode=1256
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
DD
Data Deficient
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2009
Assessor/s
McCormack, C.
Reviewer/s
Valenti, S.V., Ebert, D.A., Stevens, J. & Fowler, S.L. (Shark Red List Authority)
Contributor/s
Justification
The Splendid Lanternshark (Etmopterus splendidus) is a small (to approximately 30 cm TL) deepwater shark probably demersal on outer continental shelves and upper slopes at depths of 120–210 m off Japan, Taiwan and Indonesia and also reported at greater depths off Vanuatu (around 560 m) and New Caledonia (300 m and 793 m) in the northwest Pacific. Its depth distribution lies within the range of bottom trawlers off Japan and Taiwan and an artisanal deepsea longline fishery off eastern Indonesia. It is probably discarded where taken, however there are no species-specific bycatch data available. In some parts of its range (i.e., Vanuatu and New Caledonia), there is very little deepsea fishing and threats to the species are most likely minimal. Where taken, species-specific bycatch data are required to assess the status of the species. Until data are available, the species is assessed as Data Deficient.
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Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
Population size is unknown.
Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats
Data deficient (DD)
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Major Threats
The depth distribution of the species may lie within the range of fisheries in Japan, Taiwan and possibly Indonesia. It is a rare and inedible species in Japan (H. Ishihara pers. comm. 2006) and is therefore not targeted, but may potentially be taken as bycatch and possibly utilized for liver oil. In eastern Indonesia, deepsea longline fisheries operate from 150–600 m with the majority of fishing occurring in depths of less than 300 m (White et al. 2006). Commercial prawn trawlers are known to land substantial catches of elasmobranchs as bycatch. So far trawling is restricted to shallower water, however according to White et al. (2006), in the future, trawl methods may be adopted in deeper water, especially if foreign fishing vessels are allowed access to Indonesian waters. Future expansion of the deepsea fishery in Indonesia is highly likely, with the potential to rapidly deplete the vulnerable deepwater chondrichthyan fauna (White et al. 2006). The species has been found at greater depths off New Caladonia and Vanuatu. Deepwater fisheries are very uncommon in this region. Like other Etmopterus species, this species is not targeted, most likely discarded if caught, and unlikely to be caught frequently on large commercial fishing hooks.
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Management
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions
There are currently no conservation measures in place for this species. Like many deeper water species more information on biology, ecology and importance in fisheries are required to further assess status and any future conservation needs.
The development and implementation of management plans (national and/or regional e.g., under the FAO International Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks: IPOA-Sharks) are required to facilitate the conservation and management of all chondrichthyan species in the region.
The development and implementation of management plans (national and/or regional e.g., under the FAO International Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks: IPOA-Sharks) are required to facilitate the conservation and management of all chondrichthyan species in the region.
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Wikipedia
Splendid lanternshark
The splendid lanternshark, Etmopterus splendidus, is a shark of the family Etmopteridae found in the western Pacific at depths between 120 and 210 m. Its length is up to 30 cm.
Reproduction is ovoviviparous.
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Etmopterus splendidus" in FishBase. July 2006 version.
- Compagno, Dando, & Fowler, Sharks of the World, Princeton University Press, New Jersey 2005 ISBN 978-0-691-12072-0
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