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Overview
Brief Summary
Spodoptera frugiperda cells (Sf9 and Sf21 cell lines) are commonly used in biomedical research for the purpose of recombinant protein expression using insect-specific viruses called baculoviruses.
(Capinera 1999; Wikipedia 2011)
- Ashley TR, Wiseman BR, Davis FM, Andrews KL. 1989. The fall armyworm: a bibliography. Florida Entomologist 72: 152-202.
- Capinera, J.L. 1999, latest revision November 2005. Fall Armyworm. University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. Featured Creatures. Publication number: EENY-98 Retrieved September 23, 2011 from http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/field/fall_armyworm.htm
- Foster RE. 1989. Strategies for protecting sweet corn ears from damage by fall armyworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in southern Florida. Florida Entomologist 72: 146-151.
- Luginbill P. 1928. The Fall Armyworm. USDA Technical Bulletin 34. 91 pp.
- Marenco RJ, Foster RE, Sanchez CA. 1992. Sweet corn response to fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) damage during vegetative growth. Journal of Economic Entomology 85: 1285-1292.
- Mitchell ER. 1978. Relationship of planting date to damage by earworms in commercial sweet corn in north central Florida. Florida Entomologist 61: 251-255.
- Pair SD, Gross HR Jr. 1984. Field mortality of pupae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), by predators and a newly discovered parasitoid, Diapetimorpha introita. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 19: 22-26.
- Pitre HN, Hogg DB. 1983. Development of the fall armyworm on cotton, soybean and corn. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 18: 187-194.
- Sparks AN. 1979. A review of the biology of the fall armyworm. Florida Entomologist 62: 82-87.
- Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 31 August, 2011. Army worm. Retrieved September 23, 2011 from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Army_worm&oldid=447715701
Supplier: Dana Campbell
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Distribution
National Distribution
Canada
Origin: Native
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Present
Confidence: Confident
Type of Residency: Year-round
United States
Origin: Native
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Present
Confidence: Confident
Type of Residency: Year-round
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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Ecology
Associations
Flowering Plants Visited by Spodoptera frugiperda in Illinois
(this observation is from Graenicher; this is the Fall Armyworm Moth)
Hamamelidaceae: Hamamelis virginiana sn (Gr)
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Hilty, J. Editor. 2013. Insect Visitors of Illinois Wildflowers. World Wide Web electronic publication. illinoiswildflowers.info, version (05/2013)
See: Abbreviations for Insect Activities, Abbreviations for Scientific Observers, References for behavioral observations
© John Hilty
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Spodoptera frugiperda
There are 51 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
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Download FASTA File
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Spodoptera frugiperda
Public Records: 57
Specimens with Barcodes: 142
Species With Barcodes: 1
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Conservation
Conservation Status
National NatureServe Conservation Status
Canada
Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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NatureServe Conservation Status
Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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Wikipedia
Army worm
The Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is part of the order of Lepidoptera and is the caterpillar life stage of a moth. It is regarded as a pest and can wreak havoc with crops if left to multiply. Its name is derived from its feeding habits. They will eat everything in an area and once the food supply is exhausted the entire "army" will move to the next available food source.
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Description [edit]
The larvae are a dull yellow to gray with stripes running down the length of the body. The mature caterpillar is approximately 1.5 to 2 inches (51 mm) in length.
Feeding habits [edit]
The armyworm's diet consists mainly of grasses and small grain crops. An infestation is hard to detect as the caterpillars migrate to new feeding areas in the cool of the night. When the caterpillars near maturity, they can lay waste to an entire crop in a few days.
Infestations [edit]
In mid-April 1999, an army worm infestation started in southern Ethiopia, spreading into the north the following month and into the Jubba valley of Somalia in early May. Similar outbreaks affected the Rift Valley Province of Kenya and parts of Uganda at the same time. While Ethiopian officials had stocks of pesticides to treat 350,000 hectares of affected land, neither Kenyan or Ugandan officials had sufficient supplies to combat the insect and there was no central government to respond to the emergency in Somalia.[1]
STAR radio in Liberia reported in January 2009 that Zota District in Bong County had been invaded by army worms, which had consumed vegetation and polluted creeks and running water.[2][3] They are moving to Guinea and Sierra Leone.[3] On 28 January 2009, the President of Liberia declared a state of emergency to deal with the infestation of army worms in the country.[4]
December 2009 saw an infestation of ten regions of Tanzania. The infested regions include three of the five main grain-producing regions. The other two major grain-producing regions are at risk of infestation. Tanzania has trained farmers in fighting armyworms since 2007, and responded to forecasts of the late 2009 infestation by sending out hundreds of liters of pesticides to rural farmers. The first infestation was reported on 22 December and quickly spread to surrounding regions. The previous growing season saw Tanzania produce 10.872 millions tons of grain; after 10.337 million tons of domestic consumption the remaining 0.534 million tons were exported. As of 31 December, almost 1,400 acres (5.7 km2) of grain had been destroyed by armyworms.[5]
In the United States, the western regions of New York State have been experiencing their own outbreak of armyworms around May 2012. While the infestation remains fairly localized, it has had a significant impact on local agriculture and farming.[6] Armyworms spread in great numbers to Illinois, Tennessee, Kentucky and Montana in the fall of 2012.[7] Rep. Kathleen C. Hochul, D-Hamburg, announced Wednesday 03 Oct 2012 that the U.S. Department of Agriculture has designated all seven counties in her 26th Congressional District as natural disaster areas due to the extensive damage caused earlier this year by army worms.
The district includes Erie, Niagara, Genesee, Orleans, Livingston, Monroe and Wyoming counties.
The early arrival of warm weather last spring was blamed for the appearance of an unusually high number of army worms. Ordinarily, they arrive later in the season, when more of their natural predators are present.
“Farms seeking assistance will now be eligible for emergency loans to help them recover and keep their businesses viable,” Hochul said. For information, farmers should contact their local Farm Services Agency office or Cornell Cooperative Extension.
Recently, it has been reported that 10% of China's corn crop is suffering from Army worm infestation.
Research use [edit]
Spodoptera frugiperda cells (Sf9 and Sf21 cell lines) are commonly used in biomedical research for the purpose of recombinant protein expression using insect-specific viruses called baculoviruses.
See also [edit]
- African armyworm, a related and similarly destructive species
References [edit]
- ^ "Horn of Africa, Monthly Review, May - June 1999" UNDP-OCHA Archive (accessed 23 February 2009)
- ^ STAR radio Liberia: Caterpillar invasion: Government declares Zota District emergency zone
- ^ a b "Liberia worms trigger emergency". BBC. 27 January 2009. Archived from the original on 28 January 2009. Retrieved 2009-01-27.
- ^ AOL.com: Caterpillars Trigger Emergency in Liberia
- ^ "Armyworm Scourge Spreads to Ten Regions". allAfrica.com. Archived from the original on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 2009-12-31.
- ^ Buffalo News: Plague of armyworms advances
- ^ AgTalk Forums: Armyworms in alfalfa
Source:
Wikipedia
Unreviewed
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