The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• Ashton, G.; Karin Boos, Richard Shucksmith and Elizabeth Cook (2006). Rapid assessment of the distribution of marine non-native species in marinas in Scotland. Aquatic invasions 1(4): 209-213.
• Carlisle, D.B., (1954). Styela mammiculata, a new species of ascidian from the Plymouth area. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 33, 329-334.
• Carlton, J. T. (2007). The Light and Smith Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates from Central California to Oregon. 1001. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
• Clarke, C. L., & Therriault T. W. (2007). Biological synopsis of the invasive tunicate Styela clava (Herdman 1881). Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2807, 1-23.
• Davis, M. H., & Davis M. E. (2007). The distribution of Styela clava (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) in European waters. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 342, 182-184.
• Davis, M.H. & Davis, M.E., (2004). New records of Styela clava Herdman, 1882 (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) in Europe. Porcupine Marine Natural History Society Newsletter, 14, 24-27.
• Davoult, D.; Dewarumez, J.-M.; Glaçon, R. (1993). Nouvelles signalisations d'espèces macrobenthiques sur les côtes françaises de la Manche orientale et de la Mer du Nord: 4. Groupes divers [New macrobenthic species in the French part of the eastern Channel and of the North Sea: 4. Miscellaneous groups]. Cah. Biol. Mar. 34(1): 55-64
• De Maersschalck, V. (2004). An inventory of the macrofauna of the Sluice Dock at Oostende: contribution to an integrated management [Een inventarisatie van de macrofauna van de Spuikom te Oostende: bijdrage tot een geïntegreerd beheer]. MSc Thesis. Universiteit Gent, Vakgroep Biologie: Gent, Belgium. 71, tables, figures pp.
• Dupont, L., Viard F., Dowell M. J., Wood C., & Bishop J. D. D. (2009). Fine- and regional-scale genetic structure of the exotic ascidian Styela clava (Tunicata) in southwest England, 50 years after its introduction. Molecular Ecology. 18, 442-453.
• Eno, N.C., Clark, R.A. & Sanderson, W.G. (ed.), (1997). Non-native marine species in British waters: a review and directory. Peterborough: Joint Nature Conservation Committee.
• Fautin D, Dalton P, Incze LS, Leong J-AC, Pautzke C, et al. 2010. An Overview of Marine Biodiversity in United States Waters. PLoS ONE 5(8): e11914. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011914
• Fautin, D., Dalton P., Incze L. S., Leong J-A. C., Pautzke C., Rosenberg A., et al. (2010). An Overview of Marine Biodiversity in United States Waters. PLoS ONE. 5(8), e11914.
• Gittenberger, A.; Moreira da Rocha, R.; Sanamyan, K.; Monniot, C. (2012). Styela clava Herdman, 1881. In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turron, X. (2012) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turron, X. (2012) Ascidiacea World Database at http://www.marinespecies.org/ascidiacea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=103929 on 2013-03-02
• Goldstien, S. J., Schiel D. R., & Gemmell N. J. (2010). Regional connectivity and coastal expansion: differentiating pre-border and post-border vectors for the invasive tunicate Styela clava. Molecular Ecology. 19, 874-885.
• Gollash, S.; Nehring, S. (2006). National checklist for aquatic alien species in Germany. Aquatic invasions 1(4): 245-269
• Gordon DP, Beaumont J, MacDiarmid A, Robertson DA, Ahyong ST. 2010. Marine Biodiversity of Aotearoa New Zealand. PLoS ONE 5(8): e10905. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010905
• Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2011). Species.ie version 1.0 World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (version of 15 March 2010).
• Hayward & Ryland, 1995; p.707 (North Sea, Pacific)
• Hayward, P., Nelson-Smith, T. & Shields, C., (1996). Collins pocket guide. Sea shore of Britain and northern Europe. London: HarperCollins.
• Hayward, P.J. & Ryland, J.S. (ed.), (1995b). Handbook of the marine fauna of North-West Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.) (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp.
• Kozloff, E. N., & Price L. H. (1996). Marine Invertebrates of the Pacific Northwest. 539. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
• Lambert, C. C., & Lambert G. (1998). Non-indigenous ascidians in southern California harbors and marinas. Marine Biology. 130, 675-688.
• Lambert, C. C., & Lambert G. (2003). Persistence and differential distribution of nonindigenous ascidians in harbors of the Southern California Bight. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 259, 145-161.
• Land J. van der (ed) (†) (2013). URMO: UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (version Nov 2008). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 11th March 2013 (Roskov Y., Kunze T., Paglinawan L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Hernandez F., De Wever A., eds). Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col/. Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Leewis, R. (2002). Flora en fauna van de zee [Marine flora and fauna]. Veldgids, 16. KNNV Uitgeverij: Utrecht, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-5011-153-X. 320 pp.
• MEDIN (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN, version 1.0.  
• Millar, R.H., (1970). British Ascidians London: Academic Press.[Synopses of the British Fauna, no. 1.]
• Minchin, D., & Duggan, C.B. (1988). The distribution of the exotic ascidian, Styela clava Herdman, in Cork Harbour. Irish Naturalists' Journal, 22,388-393.
• Monniot, C. (2001). Ascidiacea & Sorberacea, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 352-355
• Müller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp.
• Rappé, G. (1989). Haliclona xena De Weerdt, 1986 (Porifera, Desmospongiae), Petrobius maritimus (Leach) (Insecta, Thysanura) and some other exceptional observations on the eastern harbour jetty of Zeebrugge [Haliclona xena De Weerdt, 1986 (Porifera, Desmospongiae), Petrobius maritimus (Leach) (Insecta, Thysanura) en enkele andere bijzondere waarnemingen van de oostelijke strekdam van Zeebrugge]. De Strandvlo 9(4): 113-116
• Rocha, R. M., Faria, S. B., Moreno, T. R. 2005. Ascidians from Bocas del Toro, Panamá. I. Biodiversity. Caribbean Journal of Science 41: 600-612.
• Streftaris, N.; Zenetos, A.; Papathanassiou, E. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 43: 419-453
• UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms
• VLIZ Alien Species Consortium
• Wells, A., and W. W. K. Houston, eds. 1998. Hemichordata, Tunicata, Cephalochordata. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, vol. 34. xiii + 298
• d'Udekem d'Acoz, C. (1986). Etude sur la faune de Knokke-Heist: 3. Présence de Styela clava Herdman, 1882 en Belgique. De Strandvlo 6(4): 83.