The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

  • Abrams, L. 1923. Ferns to Birthworts. 1: 1–557. In L. Abrams Ill. Fl. Pacific States. Stanford University Press, Stanford.
  • Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee, e. 1993. Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. 2: i–xvi, 1–475. In Fl. N. Amer. Oxford University Press, New York.
  • Hitchcock, C. L., A. Cronquist, M. Ownbey & J. W. Thompson. 1969. Vascular Cryptogams, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. 1: 1–914. In Vasc. Pl. Pacific N.W. University of Washington Press, Seattle.
  • Lellinger, D. B. 1985. A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern Allies of the United States and Canada. 389 pp.
  • Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.

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