Verbenaceae — Details

Verbena Family learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Comprehensive Description

Description

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Herbs, shrubs, trees or woody climbers, sometimes spiny, with often square stems. Stipules 0. Leaves usually opposite, sometimes whorled, rarely alternate, simple or dissected. Flowers mostly zygomorphic and 2-lipped, sometimes ± actinomorphic, usually 4-5-merous, usually bisexual. Calyx and corolla 4-5-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous. Disk usually present. Ovary superior, usually 2-locular, usually soon 4 (or more)-locular by development of false septa. Ovules 2 in each true loculus. Fruit a drupe with 2-4 pyrenes or dividing at maturity into 2 or 4 nutlets.
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Source: Flora of Zimbabwe

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Distribution

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

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Verbenaceae J. St.-Hil.:
Colombia (South America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.
  • Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., R. D. C. Ortiz, R. Callejas Posada & M. Merello. 2011. Flora de Antioquia. Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares, vol. 2. Listado de las Plantas Vasculares del Departamento de Antioquia. Pp. 1-939.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/100008595 External link.
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Source: Missouri Botanical Garden

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
                                        
Specimen Records:360Public Records:200
Specimens with Sequences:462Public Species:61
Specimens with Barcodes:421Public BINs:0
Species:86         
Species With Barcodes:78         
          
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Source: Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

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Barcode data

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Access Published & Released Data: Download FASTA File
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Source: Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

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Locations of barcode samples

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Collection Sites: world map showing specimen collection locations for Verbenaceae

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Wikipedia

Verbenaceae

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Golden Dew Drops (Duranta erecta)
Frog fruit (Phyla nodiflora)

Verbenaceae /vɜrbiːˈneɪsiː/, commonly known as the verbena family or vervain family, is a family of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell.[2]

Contents

Recent phylogenetic studies[3] have shown that numerous genera traditionally classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae. The new narrowly circumscribed Verbenaceae family includes some 35 genera and 1,200 species.[4][5] The mangrove genus Avicennia, sometimes placed in Verbenaceae[6] or in its own family, Avicenniaceae,[7] has rather confidently been placed in Acanthaceae.[4]

Economically important Verbenaceae include:

Genera

The genera in the new narrowly circumscribed family:[8]

Excluded genera

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Verbenaceae
Wikispecies has information related to: Verbenaceae
  1. ^ a b "Family: Verbenaceae J. St.-Hil., nom. cons.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-04-12. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?1176. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
  2. ^ Stevens, P.F. (2001-): Angiosperm Phylogeny Website - Verbenaceae. Version 9, June 2008.
  3. ^ Cantino, P.D., Harley, R.M. & Wagstaff, S.J. 1992. Genera of Labiatae: status and classification. Pp. 511-522. In Harley, R.M. & Reynolds, T. (eds) Advances in Labiate Science. Richmond, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  4. ^ a b "Angiosperm Phylogeny Website - Lamiales". Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/APweb/orders/lamialesweb.htm#Lamiales.
  5. ^ Heywood, V.H., Brummitt, R.K., Culham, A. & Seberg, O. 2007: Flowering Plant Families of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  6. ^ Grandtner, Miroslav M. (2005). Elsevier's Dictionary of Trees: With Names in Latin, English, French, Spanish and Other Languages. 1. Elsevier. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-444-51784-5. http://books.google.com/books?id=yjc5ZYWtkNAC.
  7. ^ Nelson, Gil (1994). The Trees of Florida: a Reference and Field Guide. Pineapple Press Inc. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-56164-055-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=Wzmo7cHvhZkC.
  8. ^ "GRIN Genera of Verbenaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?1176. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
  9. ^ "GRIN genera sometimes placed in Verbenaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnothlist.pl?1176. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
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