Overview
Distribution
Localities documented in Tropicos sources
Mexico (Mesoamerica)
United States (North America)
Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.
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Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1103
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Turner, B. L. 1959. The Legumes of Texas Univ. of Texas Press, Austin. 284 pp.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/68
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Howard, R. A. & G. W. Staples. 1983. The modern names for Catesby's plants. J. Arnold Arbor. 64(4): 511–546.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/141
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Eleuterius, L. N. & J. E. G. Otovos. 1979. Floristic and geologic aspects of Indian middens in salt marshes of Hancock County, Mississippi. Sida 8(1): 102–103.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/468
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Long, R. W. & O. K. Lakela. 1971. Fl. Trop. Florida i–xvii, 1–962. University of Miami Press, Coral Cables.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1506
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Breedlove, D. E. 1986. Flora de Chiapas. Listados Floríst. México 4: i–v, 1–246.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/513
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Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/636
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Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1493
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Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1515
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Krukoff, B. A. 1971. Supplementary notes on the American species of Erythrina. V. Phytologia 22(4): 244–277.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/380
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DeLaney, K. R. & R. P. Wunderlin. 1989. A new species of Crotalaria (Fabaceae) from the Florida Central Ridge. Sida 13(3): 315–324.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/9466
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Krukoff, B. A. & R. C. Barneby. 1974. Conspectus of species of the genus Erythrina. Lloydia 37(3): 332–459.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/47
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Krukoff, B. A. & R. C. Barneby. 1973. Notes on the species of Erythrina. VII. Phytologia 27(2): 108–141.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/364
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Krukoff, B. A. & R. C. Barneby. 1972. Notes on the species of Erythrina. VI. Phytologia 25(1): 1–31.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/370
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Krukoff, B. A. 1980. Notes on the species of Erythrina---XV. Phytologia 46(2): 88–93.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/316
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Krukoff, B. A. 1979. Notes on the species of Erythrina---XIV. Phytologia 44(1): 19–32.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/317
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Krukoff, B. A. 1979. Notes on the species of Erythrina---XIII. Phytologia 41(4): 256–300.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/322
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Krukoff, B. A. 1982. Notes on the species of Erythrina---XIX. Phytologia 51(7): 440–457.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/338
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Krukoff, B. A. 1978. Notes on the species of Erythrina. XI. Phytologia 39(5): 294–306.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/344
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Krukoff, B. A. 1977. Notes on the species of Erythrina. IX. Phytologia 36(1): 1–11.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/351
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Krukoff, B. A. 1976. Notes on the species of Erythrina. VIII. Phytologia 33(5): 342–356.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/361
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García-Mendoza, A. J. & J. Meave del Castillo. 2011. Divers. Florist. Oaxaca 1–351. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/100009052
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Localities documented in Tropicos sources
United States (North America)
Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.
-
Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1515
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
Trusted
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Physical Description
Morphology
Description
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Physical Description
Dr. David Bogler
Source:
USDA NRCS PLANTS Database
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Life History and Behavior
Cyclicity
Flower/Fruit
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Conservation
Conservation Status
NatureServe Conservation Status
Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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National NatureServe Conservation Status
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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Wikipedia
Erythrina herbacea
Erythrina herbacea, commonly known as the Coral Bean, Cherokee Bean, Red Cardinal or Cardinal Spear, is a flowering shrub or small tree found throughout the southeastern United States and northeastern Mexico;[1] it has also been reported from parts of Central America and, as an introduced species, from Pakistan. Various other systematic names have been used for this plant in the past, including Erythrina arborea, Erythrina hederifolia, Erythrina humilis, Erythrina rubicunda, Corallodendron herbaceum and Xyphanthus hederifolius.
Contents |
Description
Coral Bean grows as a low shrub or small tree, reaching around 5 m (16 ft) in height in areas that do not kill it back by freezing;[2] elsewhere it may only reach 1.2 m (3.9 ft). Stems are covered in curved spines.[3] The leaves are yellowish-green, 15–20 cm (5.9–7.9 in) long and 6 cm (2.4 in) wide. The leaves are divided into three 2.5–8 cm (0.98–3.1 in) arrowhead-shaped leaflets.[2] The bark is smooth and light gray.[4] The tubular flowers are bright red and grow in long spikes,[5] each flower being 4–6.5 cm (1.6–2.6 in) long;[2] the tree blooms from April to July.[3] They are followed by 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in) pods containing bright red seeds, from which the tree gets its name.[2] The plant forms a woody caudex.[6] Toxic alkaloids, including erysopine, erysothiopine, erysothiovine, erysovine, erythrinine, erythroresin, coralin, erythric acid, and hypaphorine,[7] are found throughout the plant. These cause paralysis upon ingestion, much like curare.[8]
Habitat and range
Coral Bean grows best in sandy soils and has moderate salt tolerance. It can be found in open woods, forest clearings, hammocks, and disturbed areas.[9] In the United States, it can be found from southeastern North Carolina south to Florida and west to southeastern Oklahoma and eastern Texas.[6] E. herbacea inhabits Tamaulipas in Mexico.[1]
Uses
E. herbacea can be readily grown in gardens within its natural range. Although its use in gardens is not particularly common, it is popular among those who do grow it as a source of early season color, for its hardiness (USDA Zones 7-10), and because it attracts hummingbirds.[10]
Native American people had many medicinal uses for this plant, varying between nations and localities. Creek women used an infusion of the root for bowel pain; the Choctaw used a decoction of the leaves as a general tonic; the Seminole used an extract of the roots for digestive problems, and extracts of the seeds, or of the inner bark, as an external rub for rheumatic disorders.[11]
In Mexico, the seeds are used as a rat poison, while a fish poison is made from the bark and leaves.[8]
In some Central American countries the flowers are used in traditional cuisine. Mostly added to bean soup or meat patties, it is known for its mild narcotic properties.
References
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Erythrina herbacea |
 | Wikispecies has information related to: Erythrina herbacea |
- ^ a b c "Taxon: Erythrina herbacea L.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1998-09-07. Retrieved 2009-10-24.
- ^ a b c d Nelson, Gil (1994). The Trees of Florida: a Reference and Field Guide. Pineapple Press Inc. p. 213. ISBN 978-1-56164-055-3.
- ^ a b Duncan, Wilbur H.; Marion B. Duncan (2005). Wildflowers of the Eastern United States. University of Georgia Press. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-8203-2747-1.
- ^ "Coral Bean Erythrina herbacea". FieldGuides. eNature. Retrieved 2009-10-24.
- ^ "Erythrina herbacea L.". Native Plant Information Network. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Retrieved 2009-10-24.
- ^ a b Neyland, Roy (2009). Wildflowers of the Coastal Plain. LSU Press. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-8071-3407-8.
- ^ Austin, Daniel F. (2004). Florida Ethnobotany. CRC Press. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-8493-2332-4.
- ^ a b Tull, Delena (1999). Edible and Useful Plants of Texas and the Southwest: A Practical Guide. University of Texas Press. p. 254. ISBN 978-0-292-78164-1.
- ^ "Coralbean (Erythrina herbacea)". Florida Forest Plants. Florida 4-H Forest Ecology. Retrieved 2009-10-24.
- ^ Bird Gardens: Welcoming Wild Birds to Your Yard. Brooklyn Botanic Garden. 1998. p. 56. ISBN 978-1-889538-08-2.
- ^ Moerman, Daniel E. (2009). Native American Medicinal Plants: An Ethnobotanical Dictionary. Timber Press. p. 227. ISBN 978-0-88192-453-4.
- Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants: Erythrina herbacea
- Plants data base entry: Erythrina herbacea
- Alden, Peter; Rick Cech, Richard Keen, Amy Leventer, Gil Nelson, and Wendy B. Zomlefer (1998). National Audubon Society Field Guide to Florida. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Source:
Wikipedia
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