Ecology
Habitat
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 9610 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): -9 - 80000
Temperature range (°C): 1.894 - 24.323
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.289 - 30.351
Salinity (PPS): 31.035 - 36.580
Oxygen (ml/l): 2.565 - 7.523
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.100 - 2.545
Silicate (umol/l): 0.756 - 51.234
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): -9 - 80000
Temperature range (°C): 1.894 - 24.323
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.289 - 30.351
Salinity (PPS): 31.035 - 36.580
Oxygen (ml/l): 2.565 - 7.523
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.100 - 2.545
Silicate (umol/l): 0.756 - 51.234
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Trusted
Associations
Known predators
Aves
Myoxocephalus
Fundulus
Tautogolabrus
Butorides
Pollachius pollachius
Merluccius bilinearis
Urophycis regia
Urophycis tenuis
Urophycis chuss
Gadidae
Melanogrammus aeglefinus
Hemitripterus americanus
Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus
Leucoraja erinacea
Leucoraja ocellata
Amblyraja radiata
Macrozoarces americanus
Brosme brosme
Anarhichas
Tautogolabrus adspersus
Triglidae
Sebastes marinus
Pleuronectes ferrugineus
Scophthalmus aquosus
Paralichthys dentatus
Glyptocephalus cynoglossus
Hippoglossina oblonga
Pleuronectes americanus
Hippoglossoides platessoides
Hippoglossus hippoglossus
Mustelus canis
Squalus acanthias
Lophius americanus
Pomatomus saltatrix
Based on studies in:
Ireland (River)
USA, Northeastern US contintental shelf (Coastal)
USA: Massachusetts, Cape Ann (Marine, Sublittoral)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
- R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 272 (1947).
- R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 278 (1947).
- R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 287 (1947).
- J. A. Kitching and F. J. Ebling, Ecological studies at Lough Ine, Adv. Ecol. Res. 4:197-291, from p. 288 (1967).
- Link J (2002) Does food web theory work for marine ecosystems? Mar Ecol Prog Ser 230:19
© SPIRE project
Source:
SPIRE
Trusted
Known prey organisms
Paracentrotus
Gibbula eineraria
detritus
Chalina
Mytilus
Sertularia
Abietinaria
Metridium
Lichenophora
Balanus
Clava
Obelia
Spirorbis
Gammarus
Orchestia
Lumbrinereis
Clymenella
Talorchestia
Solemya
Ensis
Macoma
Onoba
Littorina littorea
Crago
Cerebratulus
Nereis
Glycera
Polinices
Nassarius
Anurida
Gammaridae
Caprellidae
Isopoda
Stomatopoda
Polychaeta
Ostreoida
Bivalvia
Gastropoda
Based on studies in:
Ireland (River)
USA: Massachusetts, Cape Ann (Marine, Sublittoral)
USA, Northeastern US contintental shelf (Coastal)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
- R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 272 (1947).
- R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 278 (1947).
- R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 284 (1947).
- R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 287 (1947).
- J. A. Kitching and F. J. Ebling, Ecological studies at Lough Ine, Adv. Ecol. Res. 4:197-291, from p. 288 (1967).
- Link J (2002) Does food web theory work for marine ecosystems? Mar Ecol Prog Ser 230:19
© SPIRE project
Source:
SPIRE
Trusted
Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Statistics of barcoding coverage
| Specimen Records: | 171 | Public Records: | 74 |
| Specimens with Sequences: | 151 | Public Species: | 12 |
| Specimens with Barcodes: | 146 | Public BINs: | 13 |
| Species: | 12 | ||
| Species With Barcodes: | 12 | ||
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
Trusted
Barcode data
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
Trusted
Locations of barcode samples
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
Trusted
Wikipedia
Cancer (genus)
Cancer is a genus of marine crabs in the family Cancridae. It includes 8 extant species and 3 extinct species, including familiar crabs of the littoral zone, such as the European edible crab (Cancer pagurus), the Jonah crab (Cancer borealis) and the red rock crab (Cancer productus). It is thought to have evolved from related genera in the Pacific Ocean in the Miocene.
Contents |
Description
The species placed in the genus Cancer are united by the presence of a single posterolateral spine (on the edge of the carapace, towards the rear), anterolateral spines with deep fissures (on the carapace edge, towards the front), and a short extension of the carapace forward between the eyes.[2] Their claws are typically short, with grainy or smooth, rather than spiny, keels.[2] The carapace is typically oval, being 58%–66% as long as wide, and the eyes separated by 22%–29% of the carapace width.[2]
Species
The genus Cancer, as currently circumscribed, contains eight extant species:[1][3]
- Cancer bellianus Johnson, 1861 – toothed rock crab
- Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859 – Jonah crab
- Cancer irroratus Say, 1817 – Atlantic rock crab
- Cancer johngarthi Carvacho, 1989
- Cancer pagurus Linnaeus, 1758 – edible crab or brown crab
- Cancer plebejus Poeppig, 1836
- Cancer porteri Rathbun, 1930
- Cancer productus J. W. Randall, 1840 – red rock crab
Three fossil species are also included:[2]
- Cancer fissus Rathbun, 1908 – Pliocene, California
- Cancer fujinaensis Sakumoto, Karasawa & Takayasu, 1992 – Miocene, Japan
- Cancer parvidens Collins & Fraaye, 1991 – Miocene, Netherlands
As their generic delimitation was based on characters of the dorsal carapace, Schweitzer and Feldmann (2000) were unable to confirm the placement of Cancer tomowoi in the genus, since it is known only from parts of the sternum and the legs.[2] Other species until recently included in the genus Cancer have since been transferred to other genera, such as Glebocarcinus, Metacarcinus and Romaleon.[1]
Taxonomic history
When zoological nomenclature was first standardised by Carl Linnaeus in the 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae, the genus Cancer included almost all crustaceans, including all the crabs.[3][4] Linnaeus' cumbersome genus was soon divided into more meaningful units, and Cancer had been restricted to one group of true crabs by the time of Pierre André Latreille's 1802 work Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes ("Natural history in general, and specifically that of crustaceans and insects").[3] Latreille designated C. pagurus to be the type species in 1817.[1]
In 1975, J. Dale Nations divided the genus Cancer into four subgenera: Cancer (Cancer), Cancer (Glebocarcinus), Cancer (Metacarcinus) and Cancer (Romaleon).[3][5] Each of these is now treated as a separate genus, as is the genus Platepistoma, erected by Mary J. Rathbun and resurrected in 1991.[3] Since that time, further genera have been described to accommodate species previously included in Cancer, and the genus Cancer now contains only eight extant species.[3]
Evolutionary history
The earliest fossils that can be confidently ascribed to the genus Cancer are those of C. fujinaensis from the Japanese Miocene.[2] The genus is therefore though to have evolved in the northern Pacific Ocean, perhaps during the Miocene, and have spread across that ocean and into the Atlantic Ocean by the Pliocene or Pleistocene, having crossed the equator and the Straits of Panama.[2]
References
- ^ a b c d P. K. L. Ng, D. Guinot & P. J. F. Davie (2008). "Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 17: 1–286.
- ^ a b c d e f g Carrie E. Schweitzer & Rodney M. Feldmann (2000). "Re-evaluation of the Cancridae Latreille, 1802 (Decapoda: Brachyura) including three new genera and three new species". Contributions to Zoology 69 (4): 223–250. Also available as PDF.
- ^ a b c d e f Frederick R. Schram & Peter K. L. Ng (2012). "What is Cancer?". Journal of Crustacean Biology 32 (4): 665–672. doi:10.1163/193724012X640650.
- ^ Geoff Boxshall (2007). Crustacean classification: on-going controversies and unresolved problems (PDF excerpt). In Z.-Q. Zhang & W. A. Shear. "Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy". Zootaxa 1668: 313–325.
- ^ J. Dale Nations (1975). "The genus Cancer (Crustacea: Bachyura): systematics, biogeography, and fossil record" (PDF). Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Science Bulletin 23: 1–104.
Source:
Wikipedia
Unreviewed
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