Gammarus — Details

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Ecology

Habitat

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Depth range based on 2026 specimens in 38 taxa.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 145 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): -99 - 3900
  Temperature range (°C): -1.706 - 23.731
  Nitrate (umol/L): 0.325 - 15.104
  Salinity (PPS): 6.095 - 36.325
  Oxygen (ml/l): 4.363 - 8.972
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.064 - 1.273
  Silicate (umol/l): 0.756 - 24.835

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): -99 - 3900

Temperature range (°C): -1.706 - 23.731

Nitrate (umol/L): 0.325 - 15.104

Salinity (PPS): 6.095 - 36.325

Oxygen (ml/l): 4.363 - 8.972

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.064 - 1.273

Silicate (umol/l): 0.756 - 24.835
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Associations

Known predators

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Gammarus (Gammarus sp.) is prey of:
Paralichthys
Micropogon
Leiostomus
Callinectes
Phagocata
Sialis
Nigronia
Semotilus
Rhinichthys
Rhantus
Chauliodes
Pentaneura
Pomatomus
Myoxocephalus
Carcinides
Cancer
Fundulus
Tautogolabrus
Pagurus
Actinopterygii
Butorides
Corvus
Anatidae
Salmo
Somateria mollissima
Charadrius hiaticula
Pluvialis apricaria
Tringa totanus
Arenaria interpres
Larus canus
Larus ridibundus
Anguilla anguilla
Pollachius virens
Ciliata mustella
Ammodytes tobianus
Pholis gunnellus
Zoarces viviparus
Pomatoschistus minutus
Pomatoschistus microps
Myxocephalus scorpius
Agonus cataphractus
Gasterosteus aculeatus
Pleuronectes platessa
Platichthys flesus
Salmo trutta
Podocotyle staffordi
Maritrema subdolum
Haploparaksis crassirostris
Levinseniella brachysoma
Hysterothylacium aduncum
Cucullanus heterochrous
Cucullanus minutus
Hymenolepis

Based on studies in:
USA: North Carolina, Pamlico (Estuarine)
USA: Kentucky (River)
USA: Iowa (Agricultural)
USA: Massachusetts, Cape Ann (Marine, Sublittoral)
Norway: Oppland, Ovre Heimdalsvatn Lake (Lake or pond)
Scotland (Estuarine)

This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
  • B. J. Copeland, K. R. Tenore, D. B. Horton, Oligohaline regime. In: Coastal Ecological Systems of the United States, H. T. Odum, B. J. Copeland, E. A. McMahan, Eds. (Conservation Foundation, Washington, DC, 1974) 2:315-357, from p. 318.
  • G. W. Minshall, Role of allochthonous detritus in the trophic structure of a woodland springbrook community, Ecology 48(1):139-149, from p. 148 (1967).
  • L. J. Tilly, The structure and dynamics of Cone Spring. Ecol. Monogr. 38(2):169-197, from p. 183 (1968).
  • R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 272 (1947).
  • R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 278 (1947).
  • R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 284 (1947).
  • R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 287 (1947).
  • P. Larson, J. E. Brittain, L. Lein, A. Lillehammer and K. Tangen, The lake ecosystem of Ovre Heimdalsvatn, Holarctic Ecology 1:304-320, from p. 311 (1978).
  • Hall SJ, Raffaelli D (1991) Food-web patterns: lessons from a species-rich web. J Anim Ecol 60:823–842
  • Huxham M, Beany S, Raffaelli D (1996) Do parasites reduce the chances of triangulation in a real food web? Oikos 76:284–300
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Known prey organisms

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Gammarus (Gammarus sp.) preys on:
Bacillariophyceae
Rhyacophila
Diplectrona
Asellus
Epeorus
Pseudocloeon
Baetis
Centroptilum
Paraleptophlebia
Tendipedidae
Simulium
detritus
macroalgae
Myxozoa
bacteria
fungi
macrophytes
POM

Based on studies in:
USA: North Carolina, Pamlico (Estuarine)
USA: Kentucky (River)
USA: Iowa (Agricultural)
USA: Massachusetts, Cape Ann (Marine, Sublittoral)
Norway: Oppland, Ovre Heimdalsvatn Lake (Lake or pond)
Scotland (Estuarine)

This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
  • B. J. Copeland, K. R. Tenore, D. B. Horton, Oligohaline regime. In: Coastal Ecological Systems of the United States, H. T. Odum, B. J. Copeland, E. A. McMahan, Eds. (Conservation Foundation, Washington, DC, 1974) 2:315-357, from p. 318.
  • G. W. Minshall, Role of allochthonous detritus in the trophic structure of a woodland springbrook community, Ecology 48(1):139-149, from p. 148 (1967).
  • L. J. Tilly, The structure and dynamics of Cone Spring. Ecol. Monogr. 38(2):169-197, from p. 183 (1968).
  • R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 272 (1947).
  • R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 278 (1947).
  • R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 284 (1947).
  • R. W. Dexter, The marine communities of a tidal inlet at Cape Ann, Massachusetts: a study in bio-ecology, Ecol. Monogr. 17:263-294, from p. 287 (1947).
  • P. Larson, J. E. Brittain, L. Lein, A. Lillehammer and K. Tangen, The lake ecosystem of Ovre Heimdalsvatn, Holarctic Ecology 1:304-320, from p. 311 (1978).
  • Hall SJ, Raffaelli D (1991) Food-web patterns: lessons from a species-rich web. J Anim Ecol 60:823–842
  • Huxham M, Beany S, Raffaelli D (1996) Do parasites reduce the chances of triangulation in a real food web? Oikos 76:284–300
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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Gammarus cf. aequicauda

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The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.


There are 7 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank.  Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.  See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNATTCTCGGTGCTTGAGCCAGAGTTGTAGGAACTTCGTTAAGTGTTATTATTCGTTCCGAGTTAAGAGCCCCTGGTAACCTAATTGGAGATGACCAATTATATAACGTCATAGTGACAGCTCATGCTTTTGTTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCTATTATAATCGGCGGGTTTGGTAATTGACTTGTCCCTTTAATACTAGGCTCACCGGATATGGCCTTCCCTCGGATAAACAACATGAGATTCTGGTTACTCCCTCCTTCGCTTACTCTTCTCCTGATAAGAGGACTTGTAGAAAGAGGAGTAGGAACAGGTTGAACAGTCTACCCCCCTTTAGCGGGGGCAGTAGCACACAGAGGAGGCGCAGTAGACCTGGCTATTTTTTCCCTACACCTTGCAGGTGCTTCCTCTATCTTAGGCGCTATTAATTTTATCTCCACAGTCTTAAATATACGAAGACCCGGAATACCTTTAGACCAAATACCATTGTTTGTTTGGTCAGTCTTTATTACCGCTATCTTACTTCTTCTATCCTTACCTGTTCTGGCGGGAGCCATTACTATACTACTCACCGACCGTAATCTTAATACTTCTTTCTTTGACCCAAGAGGAGGAGGAGACCCTATCCTGTACCAACACCTATTT
-- end --

Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Gammarus cf. aequicauda

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 7
Specimens with Barcodes: 7
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Barcode data: Gammarus cf. insensibilis

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The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.


There are 4 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank.  Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.  See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNATTATCCGCTCTGAGTTAAGTGCCCCCGGAAATTTGATCGGCGATGACCAGTTATATAATGTTATAGTCACTGCCCACGCTTTCGTTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCAATTATGATTGGTGGTTTTGGTAATTGGTTAGTCCCCCTGATATTGGGCTCTCCTGATATGGCTTTCCCCCGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGACTTCTCCCCCCCTCTTTGATTTTGCTCTTAATAAGAGGTCTCGTAGAGAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGTTGGACTGTTTACCCTCCTCTAGCTGGTGCAGTCGCTCACAGAGGGGGCGCGGTGGATCTGGCTATCTTCTCCTTACACTTAGCTGGAGCCTCTTCTATCCTAGGCGCCATTAATTTTATCTCCACGGTTTTAAATATACGGAGACCGGGTATACCTTTAGACCAAATACCTTTATTCGTTTGGTCAGTTTTCATTACAGCTATCCTCCTACTTCTCTCGCTCCCAGTCTTAGCTGGGGCCATTACCATACTGTTAACGGACCGAAACCTTAACACATCCTTTTTTGACCCAAGTGGGGGAGGGGACCCAATCCTCTACCAACACTTATTT
-- end --

Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Gammarus cf. insensibilis

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 4
Specimens with Barcodes: 4
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Statistics of barcoding coverage

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
                                        
Specimen Records:2,048Public Records:843
Specimens with Sequences:1,778Public Species:69
Specimens with Barcodes:1,656Public BINs:84
Species:77         
Species With Barcodes:64         
          
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Barcode data

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Access Published & Released Data: Download FASTA File
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Locations of barcode samples

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Collection Sites: world map showing specimen collection locations for Gammarus

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Wikipedia

Gammarus

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Gammarus is an amphipod crustacean genus in the family Gammaridae. It contains more than 200 described species, making it one of the most speciose genera of crustaceans.[2] Different species have different optimal conditions, particularly in terms of salinity, and different tolerances; Gammarus pulex, for instance, is a purely freshwater species, while Gammarus locusta is estuarine, only living where the salinity is greater than 25‰.[3]

Species of Gammarus are the typical "scuds" of North America and range widely throughout the Holarctic. A considerable number are also found southwards into the Northern Hemisphere tropics, particularly in Southeast Asia.[4]

External identifiers for Gammarus
Encyclopedia of Life39782
ITIS93773
NCBI45625
WoRMS101537
Also found in: Wikispecies

The following species are included:[5]

References

  1. ^ Jan Hendrik Stock (1969). "Rivulogammarus, an amphipod name that must be rejected". Crustaceana 17 (1): 106–107. doi:10.1163/156854069X00105. 
  2. ^ F. O. Costa, C. M. Henzler, D. H. Lunt, N. M. Whiteley & J. Rock (2009). "Probing marine Gammarus (Amphipoda) taxonomy with DNA barcodes" (PDF). Systematics and Biodiversity 7 (4): 365–379. doi:10.1017/S1477200009990120. 
  3. ^ C. Barry Cox & Peter D. Moore (2010). "Patterns of distribution". Biogeography: An Ecological and Evolutionary Approach (8th ed.). John Wiley and Sons. pp. 37–89. ISBN 978-0-470-63794-4. 
  4. ^ Zhonge Hou, Jinzhong Fu, Shuqiang Li (2009). "A molecular phylogeny of the genus Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45 (2): 596–611. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.06.006. PMID 17686635. 
  5. ^ Mark Costello & Denise Bellan-Santini (2010). "Gammarus Fabricius, 1775". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved August 28, 2010. 
  6. ^ a b Maryam Hekmatara, Alireza Sari & Mohammad-Hadi Heidary Baladehi (2011). "Two new Gammarus species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridae) from Zagros Mountains, Iran" (PDF excerpt). Zootaxa 2894: 39–57. 
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