The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• 1. National Biodiversity Network Species Dictionary (January 2003) http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nbn/
• 2. Hiscock, K., (2001) Botryllus schlosseri. Star ascidian. Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme [on-line]. Plymouth:Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. [cited 27/11/02]. http://www.marlin.ac.uk/species/Botryllusschlosseri.htm
• 3. Fish, J. D. & Fish, S. (1996) A student's guide to the seashore. Second Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• Aloui-Bejaoui, N., Afli, A. 2012. Functional diversity of the macro-invertebrate community in the port area of Kerkennah Islands (Tunisia). Medit. Mar. Sci., 13 (1): 93-102.
• Annys, A. (1984). Verslag excursie naar Sas van Goes (Ned.) op 9 oktober 1983 [Report on the excursion to Sas van Goes (Netherlands), 9 October 1983]. De Strandvlo 4(1): 18-19
• Berril, N.J., (1950). The Tunicata with an account of the British species. London: Ray Society.
• Berril, N.J., (1975). Chordata: Tunicata. In Reproduction of marine Invertebrates, vol. II, (ed. A.C. Geise & J.S. Pearse), pp. 241-282. New York: Academic Press.
• Berrill N.J. 1950. The Tunicata with an account of the British species. The Ray Society, London. 354 p.Berril N.J. 1975. Chordata: Tunicata. pp. 241-282 In: (Geise A.C, and J.S. Pearse, eds). Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates, vol. II,. Academic Press, NY.
• Borges, P.A.V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Gonçalves, V., Martins, A.F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R.S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.) (2010). A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Princípia, Oeiras, 432 pp.
• Botryllus schlosseri
• Brunetti R., Beghi L., Bressan M., and M.G. Marin. 1980. Combined effects of temperature and salinity on colonies of Botryllus schlosseri and Botrylloides leachi (Ascidiacea) from the Venetian Lagoon. Marine Ecology Progress Series 1980:202-314.
• Cardigos, F.; Tempera, F.; Ávila, S.; Gonçalves, J.; Colaço, A.; Santos, R.S. (2006). Non-indigenous marine species of the Azores. Helgol. Mar. Res. 60(2): 160-169
• Carlton J.T. and M.H. Ruckelshaus. 1997. Nonindigenous marine invertebrates and algae. Pp 187-201 in: Simberloff D., Schmitz D.C., and T.C. Brown (eds). Strangers in Paradise. Island Press, Washington, D.C. 467 p.
• Carlton, J. T. (2007). The Light and Smith Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates from Central California to Oregon. 1001. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
• Chadwick-Furman N.E., and I.L. Weissman. 1995. Life history plasticity in chimaeras of the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri. Biological Sciences 262:157-162.
• Chadwick-Furman, N.E., & Weissman, I.L., (1995). Life histories and senescence of Botryllus schlosseri (Chordata: Ascidiacea) in Monterey Bay. Biological Bulletin, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, 189, 36-41.
• Cohen A.N. 2005 Guide to the Exotic Species of San Francisco Bay. San Francisco Estuary Institute, Oakland, CA. Available online.
• Dyntaxa (2013) Swedish Taxonomic Database. Accessed at www.dyntaxa.se [15-01-2013].
• Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.
• Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
• Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2011). Species.ie version 1.0 World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (version of 15 March 2010).
• Harms J., and K. Anger. 1983. Seasonal, annual, and spatial variation in the development of hard bottom communities. Helgolaender Meeresuntersuchungen 36:137-150.
• Hayward & Ryland, 1995; p. 709 (Norway to Mediterranean)
• Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.) (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp.
• Hiscock K. 2007. Botryllus schlosseri. Star ascidian. Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Available online.
• Howson, C.M. & Picton, B.E. (ed.), (1997). The species directory of the marine fauna and flora of the British Isles and surrounding seas. Belfast: Ulster Museum. [Ulster Museum publication, no. 276.]
• Koukouras, Athanasios. (2010). Check-list of marine species from Greece. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Assembled in the framework of the EU FP7 PESI project.
• Lambert C.C., and G. Lambert. 1998. Non-indigenous ascidians in southern California harbors and marinas. Marine Biology 130:675-688.
• Lambert, C. C., & Lambert G. (1998). Non-indigenous ascidians in southern California harbors and marinas. Marine Biology. 130, 675-688.
• Lambert, C. C., & Lambert G. (2003). Persistence and differential distribution of nonindigenous ascidians in harbors of the Southern California Bight. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 259, 145-161.
• Land J. van der (ed) (†) (2013). URMO: UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (version Nov 2008). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 11th March 2013 (Roskov Y., Kunze T., Paglinawan L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Hernandez F., De Wever A., eds). Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col/. Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Leewis, R. (2002). Flora en fauna van de zee [Marine flora and fauna]. Veldgids, 16. KNNV Uitgeverij: Utrecht, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-5011-153-X. 320 pp.
• MEDIN (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN, version 1.0.  
• Millar R.H. 1971. The biology of ascidians. Advances in Marine Biology 9:1-100.
• Millar, R.H. (1955). On a collection of ascidians from South Africa. Proc. Zool. Soc.. Lond. 125(1): 169-221.
• Millar, R.H. (1962). Further descriptions of South African ascidians. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 46(7): 113-221
• Monniot, C. (2001). Ascidiacea & Sorberacea, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 352-355
• Mook D. 1983. Responses of common fouling organisms in the Indian River, Florida, to various predation and disturbance intensities. Estuaries 6:372-379.
• Müller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp.
• NIMPIS. 2002. Botryllus schlosseri species summary. CSIRO National Introduced Marine Pest Information System (Hewitt C.L., Martin R.B., Sliwa C., McEnnulty, F.R., Murphy, N.E., Jones T. and S. Cooper Eds). Available online.
• Natural Geography in Shore Areas (NaGISA) database, compiled by Ann Knowlton.
• North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
• Phillippi A., Hamann E., and P.O. Yund. 2004. Fertilization in an egg-brooding colonial ascidian does not vary with population density. Biological Bulletin 206:152-160.
• Polk, Ph. (1976). Inventarisatie plankton: fauna en flora [Plankton inventory : fauna and flora], in: Nihoul, J.C.J.; De Coninck, L. (Ed.) (1976). Project Sea final report: 7. Inventory of fauna and flora. Project Sea final report, 7: pp. 233-311
• Rinkevich B., and M. Shapira. 1998. An improved diet for inland broodstock and the establishment of an inbred line from Brotryllus schlosseri, a colonial sea squirt (Ascidiacea). Aquatic Living Resources 11:163-171.
• Ruiz G.M., Fofonoff P.W., carlton J.T., Wonham M.J., and A.H. Hines. 2000. Invasion of coastal marine communities on North America: Apparent patterns, processes, and biases. Annual Review of Ecological Systematics 31:481-531.
• Rumohr, H. & Kujawski, T., (2000). The impact of trawl fishery on the epifauna of the southern North Sea. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 57, 1389-1394.
• Salem Sound Coastwatch. Undated. Guide to marine invaders in the Gulf of Maine: Botryllus schlosseri fact sheet. 2p.
• Sanamyan, K.; Monniot, C. (2013). Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766). In: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turron, X. (2013) Ascidiacea World Database. Accessed through: Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira Da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turron, X. (2013) Ascidiacea World Database at http://www.marinespecies.org/ascidiacea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=103862 on 2013-03-02
• Schmidt G.H., and G.F. Warner. 1986. Spatial competition between colonial ascidians: the importance of stand-off. Marine Ecology Progress Series 31:101-104.
• Trott, T.J. 2004. Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. Northeastern Naturalist (Special Issue 2): 261 - 324.
• UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms
• Van Name, W. G. (1945). The North and South American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 84, 476 + plates. New York: Order of the Trustees.