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Apogon atradorsatus — Details

Blacktip Cardinalfish learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Comprehensive Description

Description

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Common names: cardinalfish (English), cardenal (Espanol)

Apogon atradorsatus Heller & Snodgrass, 1903

Blacktip cardinalfish

Body oblong, compressed; head large, snout short; eye large; teeth small, no canines, usually present on center and sides of roof of mouth; gill rakers (including rudiments) 5 + 13-14; preopercle serrated, lower membranous flap not extending beyond edge of preoperculum; dorsal rays VI + I, 9; anal rays II, 8; pectoral rays 12; tail fin moderately concave; body scales rough; last few scales on tail fin; a row of scales along center of nape; lateral line complete, extends onto base of tail fin; lateral-line scales 24-26.

Generally dusky brownish red except yellow orange on belly region and lower half of head; outer half of second dorsal fin with prominent black blotch; tail lobes with black tips.

Size: grows to at least 13 cm.

Inhabits rocky reefs.

Depth: 3-45 m.

Galapagos, Cocos and Malpelo Islands; vagrant at Gorgona Is.

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Biology

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Stays under ledge overhangs and other shaded areas on rocky reefs and slopes during the day. Feeds in the open at night (Ref. 5227).

Allen, G.R. and D.R. Robertson 1994 Fishes of the tropical eastern Pacific. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. 332 p. (Ref. 11482) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11482&speccode=46802

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Distribution

Range Description

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This species is present in the southeast Pacific, and it is known only from the Cocos, Malpelo, Gorgona Island (vagrant) and Galapagos islands.

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Depth

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Depth Range (m): 3 (S) - 45 (S)

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Zoogeography

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See Map (including site records) of Distribution in the Tropical Eastern Pacific

Global Endemism: All species, East Pacific endemic, Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic

Regional Endemism: All species, TEP endemic, TEP oceanic island (s) endemic, Multiple oceanic islands endemic, Island (s), Island (s) only

Residency: Resident

Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo)

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Southeast Pacific: known only from the Cocos, Malpelo and Galapagos islands.

Allen, G.R. and D.R. Robertson 1994 Fishes of the tropical eastern Pacific. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. 332 p. (Ref. 11482) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11482&speccode=46802

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Physical Description

Morphology

Size

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Length max (cm): 13.0 (S)

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Size

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Maximum size: 89 mm ---

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Max. size

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8.9 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 5227))

Humann, P. and N. Deloach 1993 Reef fish identification. Galápagos. New World Publications, Inc., Florida. 267 p. (Ref. 5227) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5227&speccode=13417

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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat and Ecology

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Habitat and Ecology

This is a reef-associated species; it stays under ledge overhangs and other shaded areas on rocky reefs and slopes during the day. It is found between 3-45 m. It feeds in the open at night (Humann and Deloach 1993). This species is a mouthbrooder.

Systems

Marine

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Depth range based on 12 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 8 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 1 - 40
  Temperature range (°C): 20.741 - 27.485
  Nitrate (umol/L): 2.498 - 19.788
  Salinity (PPS): 33.044 - 34.632
  Oxygen (ml/l): 2.342 - 4.602
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.409 - 1.482
  Silicate (umol/l): 2.926 - 13.606

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 1 - 40

Temperature range (°C): 20.741 - 27.485

Nitrate (umol/L): 2.498 - 19.788

Salinity (PPS): 33.044 - 34.632

Oxygen (ml/l): 2.342 - 4.602

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.409 - 1.482

Silicate (umol/l): 2.926 - 13.606

Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.

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Depth: 3 - 46m.
From 3 to 46 meters.

Habitat: reef-associated. Stays under ledge overhangs and other shaded areas on rocky reefs and slopes during the day. Feeds in the open at night (Ref. 5227).

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Environment

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reef-associated; marine; depth range 3 - 46 m (Ref. 5227)

Humann, P. and N. Deloach 1993 Reef fish identification. Galápagos. New World Publications, Inc., Florida. 267 p. (Ref. 5227) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5227&speccode=13417

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Habitat

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Salinity: Marine, Marine Only

Inshore/Offshore: Inshore, Inshore Only

Water Column Position: Near Bottom, Bottom, Bottom + water column

Habitat: Reef (rock &/or coral), Reef only, Rocks, Corals, Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom)

FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated

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Trophic Strategy

Feeding

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Feeding Group: Planktivore

Diet: zooplankton, pelagic fish eggs, pelagic fish larvae

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Life History and Behavior

Life Cycle

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Mouthbrooders (Ref. 240). Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205).

Thresher, R.E. 1984 Reproduction in reef fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Neptune City, New Jersey. 399 p. (Ref. 240) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=240&speccode=1263

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Reproduction

Reproduction

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Egg Type: Brooded, Pelagic larva

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Conservation

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Assessment

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Red List Category

LC

Least Concern

Red List Criteria

Version

3.1

Year Assessed

2010

Assessor/s

Smith-Vaniz,B., Collette, B., Bussing, W., Guzman-Mora, A.G., Salas, E.

Reviewer/s

Carpenter, K., Polidoro, B., Livingstone, S. (Global Marine Species Assessment Team)

Justification

This species is listed as Least Concern. It can live in a wide range of depths and therefore is thought not to be as affected by ENSO events, although it is restricted to only a few island chains in the tropical eastern Pacific.

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Conservation status

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IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed

CITES: Not listed

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Trends

Population

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Population

There is no population information for this species. It is common in Cocos islands.

Population Trend

Unknown

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Threats

Threats

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Major Threats

There are no known major threats for this species.

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Least Concern (LC)

IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073

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Management

Conservation Actions

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Conservation Actions

There are no species specific conservation measures in place. However, this species is found in Marine Protected areas in the tropical eastern Pacific.

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