Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Viviparous (Ref. 50449).
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1999 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. John Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35766&speccode=57443
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Distribution
Range Description
Currently documented as North Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf, Gulf of Oman, west and south coast of India (west of the Gulf of Kutch, Gujarat; off Quilon, Kerala; and off Cape Comorin, Tamil Nadu), Sri Lanka, and the northeast coast of India (Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh) (Compagno in prep.).
Its distribution, however, may be patchy. It is not reported in fisheries landings or surveys from Oman (A. Henderson, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, pers. comm.; Henderson et al. 2007) or India (Venkataraman et al. 2003). This may be as a result of misidentification as other hemigaleids species over its range, especially given that it was described only relatively recently.
Its distribution, however, may be patchy. It is not reported in fisheries landings or surveys from Oman (A. Henderson, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, pers. comm.; Henderson et al. 2007) or India (Venkataraman et al. 2003). This may be as a result of misidentification as other hemigaleids species over its range, especially given that it was described only relatively recently.
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Physical Description
Size
Max. size
48.3 cm ot (male/unsexed; (Ref. 28618))
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Randall, J.E. 1997 Randall's tank photos. Collection of 10,000 large-format photos (slides) of dead fishes. Unpublished. (Ref. 28618)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28618&speccode=60377
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Ecology
Habitat
Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
Found inshore in shallow water to depths of 18 m on the continental shelf. A viviparous species giving birth to two pups per litter. Pups are 29 cm when born and grow up to a maximum length of at least 81 cm (Compagno et al. 2005).
Systems
- Marine
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Depth range based on 2 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 2 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 17 - 17
Temperature range (°C): 25.240 - 25.240
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.004 - 0.004
Salinity (PPS): 39.733 - 39.733
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.482 - 4.482
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.282 - 0.282
Silicate (umol/l): 0.966 - 0.966
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 2 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 17 - 17
Temperature range (°C): 25.240 - 25.240
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.004 - 0.004
Salinity (PPS): 39.733 - 39.733
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.482 - 4.482
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.282 - 0.282
Silicate (umol/l): 0.966 - 0.966
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Life History and Behavior
Life Cycle
Viviparous, placental (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
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Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&speccode=1256
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Statistics of barcoding coverage: Paragaleus randalli
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Species: 9
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 0
Species: 9
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
NT
Near Threatened
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2009
Assessor/s
Moore, A.B.M.
Reviewer/s
Stevens, J.D., Valenti, S.V. & Fowler, S.L. (Shark Red List Authority)
Contributor/s
Justification
The Slender Weasel Shark (Paragaleus randalli) has a patchy distribution in the Indian Ocean, found inshore in shallow water to 18 m depth. The species is poorly known; it was only described in 1996. Thus, misidentifications throughout its range are likely to have been (and continue to be) common, and its true abundance and distribution is poorly known. The lack of elasmobranch monitoring in range states means that no population data are available. This species is likely to be marketed widely (along with other small hemigaleids and caracharhinids) throughout its range, either as a result of targeted fisheries or retained bycatch (e.g., in shrimp trawls). Inshore fishing pressure is intense throughout this shallow water species? range and widespread, rapid and intensive habitat loss is also likely to have an important effect on this species. Threats from fishing and habitat degradation are continuing and population declines approaching 30%, at least, are suspected. The species may prove to meet the criteria for VU A4bcd in the future and is in urgent need of species-specific monitoring.
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Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
The lack of elasmobranch monitoring in range states (such as fisheries surveys performing elasmobranch identification to species level, and species-specific landings data/market surveys) means that no population data are available. There are no known population estimates for this species.
Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats
Threats
Major Threats
Reported in Carpenter et al. (1997) for the Persian/Arabian Gulf as being taken in trawls and gillnets and utilized for human consumption and fishmeal. Known to be caught in trawls in Kuwait (Compagno et al. 1996, Bishop 2003). Recorded as being marketed whole in the UAE at least (ABMM, pers. obs., based on photograph supplied by Dr. J. Stevens taken in a Dubai fish market summer 2007), and likely in other range states.
Widespread, rapid and intensive habitat loss is likely to have an important effect on this species, which is probably predominantly demersal. In the Persian/Arabian Gulf this includes changes due to the damming of the Tigris-Euphrates river system in Turkey and the drainage of the Iraqi marshes (Al-Yamani et al. 2007), chronic and acute (e.g., war-related) releases of oil, rapid large-scale coastal development (e.g., megastructures in the UAE), and changes to benthic communities from demersal trawling.
Widespread, rapid and intensive habitat loss is likely to have an important effect on this species, which is probably predominantly demersal. In the Persian/Arabian Gulf this includes changes due to the damming of the Tigris-Euphrates river system in Turkey and the drainage of the Iraqi marshes (Al-Yamani et al. 2007), chronic and acute (e.g., war-related) releases of oil, rapid large-scale coastal development (e.g., megastructures in the UAE), and changes to benthic communities from demersal trawling.
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Near Threatened (NT)
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Management
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions
Finning of sharks is prohibited in the likely range states of United Arab Emirates and Oman.
No other known conservation measures. None of the range states so far recorded (Persian/Arabian Gulf states, India, Sri Lanka) have an FAO Shark Plan in place.
No other known conservation measures. None of the range states so far recorded (Persian/Arabian Gulf states, India, Sri Lanka) have an FAO Shark Plan in place.
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Wikipedia
Slender weasel shark
The slender weasel shark, Paragaleus randalli, is a weasel shark of the family Hemigaleidae, found in the western Indian Ocean, off Bahrain. Its length is up to 48 cm.
The slender weasel shark is a harmless Viviparous species, about which little is known.
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Paragaleus randalli" in FishBase. may 2006 version.
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