Overview
Distribution
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North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
© WoRMS for SMEBD
Source:
World Register of Marine Species
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North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
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Trott, T.J. 2004. Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. Northeastern Naturalist (Special Issue 2): 261 - 324.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=3072
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Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.
http://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=sourcedetails&id=145245
© WoRMS for SMEBD
Source:
World Register of Marine Species
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National Distribution
United States
Origin: Unknown/Undetermined
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Present
Confidence: Confident
Type of Residency: Year-round
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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Ecology
Habitat
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 137 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0 - 64
Temperature range (°C): 21.296 - 25.874
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.289 - 1.601
Salinity (PPS): 34.478 - 36.162
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.671 - 5.176
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.100 - 0.221
Silicate (umol/l): 0.756 - 2.607
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0 - 64
Temperature range (°C): 21.296 - 25.874
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.289 - 1.601
Salinity (PPS): 34.478 - 36.162
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.671 - 5.176
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.100 - 0.221
Silicate (umol/l): 0.756 - 2.607
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Libinia emarginata
There are 2 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
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Download FASTA File
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Libinia emarginata
Public Records: 2
Specimens with Barcodes: 2
Species With Barcodes: 1
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Conservation
Conservation Status
National NatureServe Conservation Status
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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NatureServe Conservation Status
Rounded Global Status Rank: GNR - Not Yet Ranked
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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Wikipedia
Libinia emarginata
Libinia emarginata, the portly spider crab, common spider crab or nine-spined spider crab, is a species of stenohaline crab that lives on the Atlantic coast of North America.
Contents |
Distribution
L. emarginata occurs from Nova Scotia to the Florida Keys and through the Gulf of Mexico.[3] It lives at depths of up to 160 ft (49 m), with exceptional records of up to 400 ft (120 m).[4]
Description
L. emarginata is triangular in outline, with a carapace about 4 in (100 mm) long and a leg span of 12 inches (300 mm).[4] The whole crab is khaki, and the carapace is covered in spines and tubercles,[5] and, as with other decorator crabs, often clothes itself in debris and small invertebrates.[4]
Reproduction
Mating takes place, and eggs are produced from June to September. The eggs are initially a bright orange-red, but turn brown during development, which takes around 25 days. The eggs then hatch as zoea larvae, and the female can produce another brood of eggs within 12 hours, unlike many other crabs, where females only mate directly after molting.[6]
Similar species
L. emarginata is very similar to Libinia dubia with which it is largely sympatric. They can be told apart by examining the row of spines along the center of the carapace: in L. emarginata there are nine, while in L. dubia there are only six.[5] Also, the rostrum of L. dubia is more deeply forked than that of L. emarginata.[4]
Ecology and behavior
L. emarginata lives on various substrates, at depths of up to 150 ft (46 m). Adults are sluggish and not aggressive, and younger crabs are frequently covered with sponges and hydroids.[5]
Despite its small size, in comparison to other predatory crabs, L. emarginata feeds on large starfish such as Asterias forbesi.[7]
Unusually for crabs, L. emarginata preferentially walks forwards, rather than sideways, although they are also capable of sidelong movement.[8]
The L. emarginata will mate in large aggregations.[9] These aggregations may function as a protective mechanism during reproduction.[9] L. emarginata male show an unusual "obstetrical behavior", in which gravid females who are about to release their larvae are held behind the male, and aggressively protected.[6]
References
| External identifiers for Libinia emarginata | |
|---|---|
| Encyclopedia of Life | 343476 |
| ITIS | 98455 |
| NCBI | 6807 |
| WoRMS | 158426 |
- ^ "Libinia emarginata Leach, 1815". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
- ^ Peter K. L. Ng, Danièle Guinot & Peter J. F. Davie (2008). "Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 17: 1–286.
- ^ Harriet Perry & Kirsten Larsen (2004). "Libinia emarginata Leach, 1815. Portly Spider Crab" (PDF). A Picture Guide to Shelf Invertebrates from the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission.
- ^ a b c d Andrew J. Martinez & Candace Storm Martinez (2003). "Arthropods". Marine Life of the North Atlantic: Canada to New England. Aqua Quest Publications. pp. 144–175. ISBN 978-1-881652-32-8.
- ^ a b c Alice Jane Lippson & Robert L. Lippson (2006). "Crustaceans of the shallows". Life in the Chesapeake Bay (3rd ed.). JHU Press. pp. 153–158. ISBN 978-0-8018-8337-8.
- ^ a b Gertrude W. Hinsch (1968). "Reproductive behavior in the spider crab, Libinia emarginata (L.)". The Biological Bulletin 135 (2): 273–278.
- ^ John C. Aldrich (1976). "The spider crab Libinia emarginata Leach, 1815 (Decapoda Brachyura), and the starfish, an unsuitable predator but a cooperative prey". Crustaceana 31 (2): 151–156. doi:10.1163/156854076X00189.
- ^ A. G. Vidal-Gadea & J. H. Belanger (2009). "Muscular anatomy of the legs of the forward walking crab, Libinia emarginata (Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea)". Arthropod Structure & Development 38 (3): 179–194. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2008.12.002. PMID 19166968.
- ^ a b DeGoursey, RE; Auster, PJ (1989). "Aspects of a mating aggregation of the spider crab, Libinia emarginata". In: Lang, MA; Jaap, WC (ed). Diving for Science…1989. Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences annual scientific diving symposium 28 September - 1 October 1989 Wood Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA. Retrieved 2013-03-08.
Source:
Wikipedia
Unreviewed
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