Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
A schooling fish, apparently preferring clear oceanic waters.
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Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4
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Distribution
Distribution
Gulf of Mexico
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Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.
http://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=sourcedetails&id=145245
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Western Central Atlantic: Florida Keys, Cuba, Bahamas, Antilles, Los Roques Archipelago off Venezuela; from Yucatan, Mexico possibly to western Venezuela; not in Gulf of Mexico. If correctly identified, then it occurs in Sibun River, Belize.
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Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 21 - 26
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Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4
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Size
Max. size
11.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 5217))
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Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez 1992 Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5217&speccode=7572
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Diagnostic Description
Body somewhat compressed and slender. Snout less than eye diameter; maxilla long, tip pointed, reaching almost to gill opening; gill cover canals of walkeri-type. Anal fin moderately long, its origin below about midpoint of dorsal fin base. A silver stripe along flank, a little less than eye diameter (Ref. 189). Melanophores on underside of snout do not reach premaxillae, leaving an unpigmented area (Ref. 7251).
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Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4
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Ecology
Habitat
Depth range based on 13 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 12 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0.4 - 2.5
Temperature range (°C): 26.770 - 27.601
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.174 - 0.997
Salinity (PPS): 34.217 - 36.481
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.593 - 4.662
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.051 - 0.169
Silicate (umol/l): 2.028 - 2.813
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0.4 - 2.5
Temperature range (°C): 26.770 - 27.601
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.174 - 0.997
Salinity (PPS): 34.217 - 36.481
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.593 - 4.662
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.051 - 0.169
Silicate (umol/l): 2.028 - 2.813
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 12 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0.4 - 2.5
Temperature range (°C): 26.770 - 27.601
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.174 - 0.997
Salinity (PPS): 34.217 - 36.481
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.593 - 4.662
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.051 - 0.169
Silicate (umol/l): 2.028 - 2.813
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0.4 - 2.5
Temperature range (°C): 26.770 - 27.601
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.174 - 0.997
Salinity (PPS): 34.217 - 36.481
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.593 - 4.662
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.051 - 0.169
Silicate (umol/l): 2.028 - 2.813
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Environment
pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine
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Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&speccode=4683
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Migration
Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
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Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&speccode=4683
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Statistics of barcoding coverage: Anchoa cayorum
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Species: 4
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 0
Species: 4
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Threats
Not Evaluated
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
fisheries: minor commercial; bait: usually
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Claro, R. 1994 Características generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. In R. Claro (ed.) Ecología de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanología Academia de Ciencias de Cuba and Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo. (Ref. 26340)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26340&speccode=14
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