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Anchoa hepsetus — Details

Broad-striped Anchovy learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

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Forms dense schools, often in shallow waters close to shore. Able to tolerate a wide range of salinities, from hypersaline to almost fresh. Feeds on copepods when young, then on gastropods, foraminifers and an occasional ostracods and annelid. Breeding was recorded in April through to July at Beaufort, North Carolina. Breeds in harbors, estuaries and sounds. Eggs are elliptical, transparent, without oil globule, the yolk appearing `cellular' (Ref. 189). Great variation. Principal parasites are nematodes and cestodes (Scolex polymorphus and Rhynchobothrium sp.) and trematodes (Distomum appendiculatum and Distomum sp). Marketed as food (Ref. 37032).

Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4

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Distribution

Distribution

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Nova Scotia to Fort Pierce Florida

North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS) http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901

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Distribution

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Gulf of Maine, Gulf of Mexico, North West Atlantic

North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS) http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901
Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. http://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=sourcedetails&id=145245
Johnson CL, Runge JA, Curtis KA, Durbin EG, Hare JA, Incze LS, Link J, Melvin GD, O'Brien TD, Van Guelpen, L (in revision) Biodiversity and ecosystem function in the Gulf of Maine: pattern and role of zooplankton and pelagic nekton. PLoS One. http://www.vliz.be/vmdcdata/masdea/masdea.php?p=sourcedetails&id=148111

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National Distribution

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United States

Origin: Native

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Present

Confidence: Confident

Type of Residency: Year-round

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Abundant from Chesapeake Bay to the West Indies, and south to Uruguay; north as a stray to Maine and to the outer coast of Nova Scotia.

Bigelow, H. B. and Schroeder, W.C., 1953; Whitehead, P. J. P., G. J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988.

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Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA perhaps occasionally straying north to Maine or even Nova Scotia (Canada), south to Fort Pierce, Florida (but not Florida Keys) and at least northern Gulf of Mexico; also from Gulf of Venezuela south to Uruguay. Replaced by Anchoa colonensis in the West Indies.

Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4

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Physical Description

Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 17; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 20 - 24

Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4

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Size

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Maximum size: 150 mm TL

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to 15.3 cm TL.

Bigelow, H. B. and Schroeder, W.C., 1953; Whitehead, P. J. P., G. J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988.

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Max. size

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15.3 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 37032))

Bigelow, H.B., M.G. Bradbury, J.R. Dymond, J.R. Greeley, S.F. Hildebrand, G.W. Mead, R.R. Miller, L.R. Rivas, W.L. Schroeder, R.D. Suttkus and V.D. Vladykov 1963 Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Part three. New Haven, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Yale Univ. (Ref. 37032) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37032&speccode=2590

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Diagnostic Description

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Snout pointed, about 3/4 eye diameter; maxilla long, tips pointed, reaching beyond hind border of pre-operculum, almost to gill opening; gill cover canals of panamensis-type. Anal fin origin below about midpoint of dorsal fin base. Anus nearer to anal fin origin than to pelvic fin tips. Silver stripe along flank (a dark line above) of uniform width, narrowed immediately behind band (Ref. 189). Back greenish, some yellowish on head. Melanophores outline all dorsal scales (Ref. 7251).

Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4

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Type Information

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Type for Anchoa hepsetus
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Preparation: Illustration
Collector(s): S. Stearns
Year Collected: 1879
Locality: South Florida, Florida, United States, Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic

Type:

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Paratype for Anchoa hepsetus
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): P. Blackburn
Year Collected: 1925
Locality: Venez: Jacuque Pt., Venezuela, Caribbean Sea, Atlantic
Vessel: Niagara

Paratype: Hildebrand, S. F. 1943. Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection. 8 (art. 2): 55.

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Paratype for Anchoa hepsetus
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): P. Blackburn
Year Collected: 1925
Locality: Venez: Salinas Bay Gulf of Venezuela, Venezuela, Caribbean Sea, Atlantic
Vessel: Niagara

Paratype: Hildebrand, S. F. 1943. Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection. 8 (art. 2): 55.

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Paratype for Anchoa hepsetus
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): P. Blackburn
Year Collected: 1925
Locality: Venez.: Estanques Bay Gulf of Venezuela, Venezuela, Caribbean Sea, Atlantic
Vessel: Niagara

Paratype: Hildebrand, S. F. 1943. Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection. 8 (art. 2): 55.

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Paratype for Anchoa hepsetus
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Preparation: Illustration
Collector(s): P. Blackburn
Year Collected: 1925
Locality: Venezuela: Gulf of Estaques Bay, Venezuela, Caribbean Sea, Atlantic

Paratype: Hildebrand, S. F. 1943. Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection. 8 (art. 2): 55.

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Type for Anchoa hepsetus
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): P. Blackburn
Year Collected: 1925
Locality: Venezuela: Gulf of, Eslaques Bay, Venezuela, Caribbean Sea, Atlantic

Type: Hildebrand, S. F. 1943. Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection. 8 (art. 2): 55.

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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat

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nektonic

North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS) http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901

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Habitat

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Occasionally found in Canadian Atlantic waters. Found to depths of 70 m; prefers shallow inshore waters.

North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS) http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=2901

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Depth range based on 2207 specimens in 2 taxa.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 595 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 0 - 358
  Temperature range (°C): 8.336 - 25.874
  Nitrate (umol/L): 0.289 - 6.971
  Salinity (PPS): 32.507 - 36.266
  Oxygen (ml/l): 4.519 - 6.494
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.092 - 0.694
  Silicate (umol/l): 0.756 - 4.476

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 0 - 358

Temperature range (°C): 8.336 - 25.874

Nitrate (umol/L): 0.289 - 6.971

Salinity (PPS): 32.507 - 36.266

Oxygen (ml/l): 4.519 - 6.494

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.092 - 0.694

Silicate (umol/l): 0.756 - 4.476

Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.

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Habitat Type: Marine

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Depth: 1 - 70m.
From 1 to 70 meters.

Habitat: pelagic.

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Pelagic; brackish; marine. Depth range: 1-70 m. Forms dense schools, often in shallow waters close to shore. Able to tolerate a wide range of salinities, from hypersaline to almost fresh.

Bigelow, H. B. and Schroeder, W.C., 1953; Whitehead, P. J. P., G. J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988.

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Environment

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pelagic-neritic; brackish; marine; depth range 1 - 70 m (Ref. 189)

Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4

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Migration

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Non-Migrant: No. All populations of this species make significant seasonal migrations.

Locally Migrant: No. No populations of this species make local extended movements (generally less than 200 km) at particular times of the year (e.g., to breeding or wintering grounds, to hibernation sites).

Locally Migrant: No. No populations of this species make annual migrations of over 200 km.

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Trophic Strategy

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Forms dense schools, often in shallow waters close to shore (but recorded down to 70 m); euryhaline (from hypersaline to almost fresh).

Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4

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Feeds on copepods when young, then on gastropods, foraminifera and an occasional ostracods and annelids.

Bigelow, H. B. and Schroeder, W.C., 1953; Whitehead, P. J. P., G. J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988.

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Life History and Behavior

Reproduction

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Open water/substratum egg. Breeding was recorded in April through to July at Beaufort, North Carolina. Breeds in harbors, estuaries and sounds. Eggs are elliptical, transparent, without oil globule, the yolk appearing ?cellular?.

Bigelow, H. B. and Schroeder, W.C., 1953; Whitehead, P. J. P., G. J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988.

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Anchoa hepsetus

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Species: 11
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Conservation

Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

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United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

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NatureServe Conservation Status

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Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure

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Threats

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Not Evaluated

IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073

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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

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fisheries: minor commercial; bait: usually

Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&speccode=2534
Claro, R. 1994 Características generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. In R. Claro (ed.) Ecología de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanología Academia de Ciencias de Cuba and Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo. (Ref. 26340) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26340&speccode=14

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Wikipedia

Anchoa hepsetus

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Anchoa hepsetus is a species of fish in the Engraulidae family. It also commonly goes by the name Broad-striped anchovy.

References

J. S. Valencia and R. Regis, Reproductive characteristics of Anchoa hepsetus, Proc. Gulf Caribb. Fish. Inst.

This Clupeiformes article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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