The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• 1. IUCN Red List (March, 2009) http://www.iucnredlist.org
• 2. Kingdon, J. (1997) The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals. Academic Press, San Diego.
• 3. Stuart, C. and Stuart, T. (1997) Field Guide to the Larger Mammals of Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town.
• 4. African Wildlife Foundation (September, 2007) http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/buffalo
• 5. Mills, G. and Hes, L. (1997) The Complete Book of Southern African Mammals. Struik Publishers, Cape Town.
• 6. Macdonald, D.W. (2006) The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• 7. Rodwell, T.C., Kriek, N.P., Bengis, R.G., Whyte, I.J., Viljoen, P.C., Vos, V. and Boyce, W.M. (2001) Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in African buffalo at Kruger National Park. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 37 (2): 258 - 264.
• 8. UNEP-WCMC: Serengeti National Park, Tanzania (March, 2009) http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/pdf/Serengeti.pdf
• 9. UNEP-WCMC: Kilimanjaro National Park, Tanzania (March, 2009) http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/pdf/Kilimanjaro.pdf
• Estes, R. 1991. The Behavior Guide to African Mammals. University of California Press. Berkeley, Los Angles, and London.
• Mloszewski, M. 1983. The Behaviour and Ecology of the African Buffalo. Cambridge University Press. U.S.A.
• Nowak, R.; Paradiso, J. 1983. Walker's Mammals of the World, 4th Edition. The John Hopkins University Press. Baltimore and London.
• Richard Weigl (2005) Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; from the Living Collections of the World. Kleine Senckenberg-Reihe 48: Stuttgart.
• Ronald Nowak (1999) Walker's Mammals of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore.
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 1993. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207
• Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole. 2000. Common Names of Mammals of the World. xiv + 204